2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Related Products

PDF 16.38 MB

Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-136657
    SC-43
    		Inducer 99.01%
    SC-43, a Sorafenib derivative, is a potent and orally active SHP-1 (PTPN6) agonist. SC-43 inhibits the phosphorylation of STAT3 and induces cell apoptosis. SC-43 has anti-fibrotic and anticancer effects.
    SC-43
  • HY-17473
    Embelin
    		Inducer 99.01%
    Embelin (Embelic acid), a potent, nonpeptidic XIAP inhibitor (IC50=4.1 μM), inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, and activates caspase-9 in prostate cancer cells with high levels of XIAP. Embelin blocks NF-kappaB signaling pathway leading to suppression of NF-kappaB-regulated antiapoptotic and metastatic gene products. Embelin also induces autophagic and apoptotic cell death in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.
    Embelin
  • HY-13251
    Silvestrol
    		Inducer 99.96%
    Silvestrol is a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) inhibitor isolated from Agave americana Linn.. Silvestrol induces autophagy and caspase-mediated apoptosis.
    Silvestrol
  • HY-W004283
    Pentadecanoic acid
    		Inducer 99.94%
    Pentadecylic acid is a saturated fatty acid with a 15-carbon backbone.
    Pentadecanoic acid
  • HY-100507
    Avadomide
    		Inducer 99.56%
    Avadomide is an orally active cereblon modulator. Avadomide modulates cereblon E3 ligase activity, inhibits NF-κB pathway, arrests the cell cycle at G1 phase, and thus induces apoptosis in cancer cell PDAC. Avadomide exhibits potent antitumor and immunomodulatory activities.
    Avadomide
  • HY-13989
    b-AP15
    		Inducer 98.05%
    b-AP15 is a specific inhibitor of the deubiquitinating enzymes UCHL5 and Usp14.
    b-AP15
  • HY-N6722
    Swainsonine
    		Inducer 99.95%
    Swainsonine (Tridolgosir) is an natural indolizidine alkaloid, a potent and reversible α-mannosidase inhibitor. Swainsonine induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Swainsonine shows anti-tumor activity.
    Swainsonine
  • HY-13216
    Pyroxamide
    		Inducer 99.54%
    Pyroxamide is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) with an ID50 of 100 nM. Pyroxamide can induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in leukemia.
    Pyroxamide
  • HY-P990106
    Anti-Mouse VEGFR-2 Antibody (DC101)
    		Inducer 99.41%
    Anti-Mouse VEGFR-2 Antibody (DC101) is a rat anti-mouse VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse VEGFR-2 Antibody (DC101) inhibits tumor angiogenesis by blocking the binding of VEGF and VEGFR2. Anti-Mouse VEGFR-2 Antibody (DC101) promotes immune cell infiltration and induces tumor cell apoptosis. Anti-Mouse VEGFR-2 Antibody (DC101) can be used for researches on various types of cancer such as melanoma, lung cancer and breast cancer .
    Anti-Mouse VEGFR-2 Antibody (DC101)
  • HY-12486
    FL118
    		Inducer 99.22%
    FL118 (10,11-(Methylenedioxy)-20(S)-camptothecin), a Camptothecin (HY-16560) analogue, is a potent and orally active survivin inhibitor. FL118 binds to oncoprotein DDX5 (p68) to dephosphorylates and degrades DDX5. FL118 can be used for the research of cancer.
    FL118
  • HY-N0280
    Corosolic acid
    		Inducer 99.89%
    Corosolic acid (Colosolic acid) isolated from the fruit of Cratoegus pinnatifida var. psilosa, was reported to have anticancer activity. Corosolic acid induces cancer cell apoptosis.
    Corosolic acid
  • HY-B0185A
    Lidocaine hydrochloride
    		Inducer 99.84%
    Lidocaine hydrochloride (Lignocaine hydrochloride) inhibits sodium channels involving complex voltage and using dependence. Lidocaine hydrochloride decreases growth, migration and invasion of gastric carcinoma cells via up-regulating miR-145 expression and further inactivation of MEK/ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Lidocaine hydrochloride is an amide derivative and a agent to treat ventricular arrhythmia and an effective tumor-inhibitor.
    Lidocaine hydrochloride
  • HY-10329
    JNJ-7706621
    		Inducer 99.39%
    JNJ-7706621 is a potent aurora kinase inhibitor, and also inhibits CDK1 and CDK2, with IC50s of 9 nM, 3 nM, 11 nM, and 15 nM for CDK1, CDK2, aurora-A and aurora-B, respectively.
    JNJ-7706621
  • HY-N0790
    Lupeol
    		Inducer 98.0%
    Lupeol (Clerodol; Monogynol B; Fagarasterol) is an active pentacyclic triterpenoid, has anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Lupeol is a potent androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor and can be used for cancer research, especially prostate cancer of androgen-dependent phenotype (ADPC) and castration resistant phenotype (CRPC).
    Lupeol
  • HY-P9933
    Dinutuximab
    		Inducer ≥99.0%
    Dinutuximab (APN-311) is a chimeric human-mouse anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody. Dinutuximab can bind to GD2 on the cell surface, triggering antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity, and promoting tumor regression. Dinutuximab can inhibit the growth, invasion, and migration and induce apoptosis of tumor cells. Dinutuximab can be used in the research of tumors such as neuroblastoma and breast cancer.
    Dinutuximab
  • HY-12275
    FR 180204
    		Inducer 99.91%
    FR 180204 is an ATP-competitive and selective ERK inhibitor. FR 180204 inhibits ERK1 and ERK2 with IC50s of 0.51 μM (Ki=0.31 μM) and 0.33 μM (Ki=0.14 μM), respectively.
    FR 180204
  • HY-B0166R
    L-Ascorbic acid (Standard)
    		Inducer
    L-Ascorbic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Ascorbic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells.
    L-Ascorbic acid (Standard)
  • HY-18756
    NSC-87877
    		Inducer ≥99.0%
    NSC-87877 is a potent inhibitor of Shp2 and Shp1 protein tyrosine phosphatases (SH-PTP2 and SH-PTP1), with IC50 values of 0.318 μM, 0.355 μM shp2 and shp1, respectively. NSC-87877 also inhibits dual-specificity phosphatase 26 (DUSP26).
    NSC-87877
  • HY-11005
    BX-912
    		Inducer 99.50%
    BX-912 is a direct, selective, and ATP-competitive PDK1 inhibitor (IC50=26 nM). BX-912 blocks PDK1/Akt signaling in tumor cells and inhibits the anchorage-dependent growth of a variety of tumor cell lines in culture or induces apoptosis.
    BX-912
  • HY-N0595
    Genistin
    		Inducer 98.40%
    Genistin (Genistine), an isoflavone belonging to the phytoestrogen family, is a potent anti-adipogenic and anti-lipogenic agent. Genistin attenuates cellular growth and promotes apoptotic cell death breast cancer cells through modulation of ERalpha signaling pathway.
    Genistin
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity