2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-18763
    Indobufen
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Indobufen is a platelet aggregation inhibitor. Indobufen is a reversible platelet cyclooxygenase (Cox) activity inhibitor. Indobufen suppresses thromboxane A2 (TxA2) synthesis. Indobufen down-regulates tissue factor (TF) in monocytes.
    Indobufen
  • HY-B0261R
    Meloxicam (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Meloxicam (Standard) is the analytical standard of Meloxicam. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Meloxicam is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, inhibits COX activity, with IC50s of 0.49 μM and 36.6 μM for COX-2 and COX-1, respectively.
    Meloxicam (Standard)
  • HY-B1279
    Metamizole sodium hydrate
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    Metamizole sodium hydrate (Dipyrone) is an orally active cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor.. Metamizole sodium hydrate can inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis. Metamizole sodium hydrate has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Metamizole sodium hydrate is an antipyretic, analgesic and spasmolytic agent. Metamizole sodium hydrate can be used in research to relieve a variety of pain.
    Metamizole sodium hydrate
  • HY-10582S
    Flurbiprofen-d3
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    Flurbiprofen-d3 is the deuterium labeled Flurbiprofen. Flurbiprofen (dl-Flurbiprofen) is a potent, orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA/NSAID), with antipyretic and analgesic activities. Flurbiprofen is commonly used for the research of inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Flurbiprofen is a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor that can be used for the research of colorectal cancer.
    Flurbiprofen-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-135731
    4-Methylamino antipyrine
    		Inhibitor 99.66%
    4-Methylamino antipyrine is an active metabolite of Metamizole. Metamizole is a pyrazolone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and inhibits COX. Metamizole is an nonopioid analgesic agent and can be used for pain and fever. 4-Methylamino antipyrine has analgesic, antipyretic, and relatively weak antiinflammatory properties.
    4-Methylamino antipyrine
  • HY-66005S2
    Acetaminophen-d7
    		99.92%
    Acetaminophen-d7 is the deuterium labeled Acetaminophen. Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 25.8 μM; is a widely used antipyretic and analgesic agent. Acetaminophen is a potent hepatic N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) inhibitor.
    Acetaminophen-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-N0346A
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate
    		Inhibitor 99.39%
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate is a natural product found in Kaempferia galangal with anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic and anti-microbial effects. (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 in vitro with IC50s of 1.12 and 0.83 μM, respectively.
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate
  • HY-N6029
    Dehydroevodiamine hydrochloride
    		99.80%
    Dehydroevodiamine hydrochloride is isolated from the leaves of Evodia rutaecarpa.
    Dehydroevodiamine hydrochloride
  • HY-W009248
    Phenethyl ferulate
    		Inhibitor 99.66%
    Phenethyl ferulate is a major constituent ofQianghuo, shows inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) with IC50 values of 4.35 μM and 5.75 μM, respectively.
    Phenethyl ferulate
  • HY-129113
    α-​Chaconine
    		Inhibitor 99.76%
    α-Chaconine inhibits the expressions of COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α at the transcriptional level. α-Chaconine inhibits the LPS-induced expressions of iNOS and COX-2 at the protein and mRNA levels and their promoter activities in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Anti-inflammatory effects.
    α-​Chaconine
  • HY-121537
    CAY10404
    		Inhibitor 99.40%
    CAY10404 is a potent and selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1 nM and a selectivity index (SI; COX-1 IC50/COX-2 IC50) of >500000. CAY10404 is a potent PKB/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways inhibitor and induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. CAY10404, a diarylisoxazole, has good analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities.
    CAY10404
  • HY-B2158
    Chlorotrianisene
    		Inhibitor 99.02%
    Chlorotrianisene is a long-acting non-steroidal estrogen and an orally active estrogen receptor modulator. Chlorotrianisene exhibits antiestrogenic activity. Chlorotrianisene potently inhibits the enzyme COX-1 and inhibits platelet aggregation in whole blood.
    Chlorotrianisene
  • HY-12383
    Pelubiprofen
    		Inhibitor 98.46%
    Pelubiprofen is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent that inhibits COX enzyme activity (with IC50 values of 10.66 and 2.88 μM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively). Pelubiprofen has significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.
    Pelubiprofen
  • HY-126114
    Lupeol acetate
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    Lupeol acetate is a derivative of Lupeol. Lupeol acetate is an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-trypanosomic and anticancer agent with oral activity. Lupeol acetate significantly improves the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis by down-regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and osteoclast production. Lupeol acetate inhibits spermatogenesis in male rats and eventually led to infertility.
    Lupeol acetate
  • HY-112731
    TFAP
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    TFAP is a selective cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.8 μM.
    TFAP
  • HY-124108
    Eicosatetraynoic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.9%
    Eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) is a non-metabolizable analog of Arachidonic acid (HY-109590) and also an inhibitor of the lipoxygenase (LOX)/cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway (ID50 = 8 μM and 4 μM). Eicosatetraynoic acid acts as a suicide substrate to inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins. Eicosatetraynoic acid acts directly on cell membranes and membrane proteins to exert a wide range of effects, including blocking potassium channels, increasing cell membrane fluidity, elevating intracellular calcium levels, inhibiting DNA synthesis in tumor cells, inducing differentiation of certain cells, and specifically inhibiting the assembly and replication of orthopoxviruses. Eicosatetraynoic acid alleviates acute lung injury induced by chemicals such as phosgene.
    Eicosatetraynoic acid
  • HY-113445
    Thromboxane B3
    Thromboxane B3 is a prostaglandin analog derived from arachidonic acid (AA) in the cyclooxygenase (COX) metabolic pathway. Thromboxane B3 is generated from arachidonic acid (AA) in platelets and vascular endothelial cells through the catalysis of cyclooxygenase (COX) and thromboxane synthase (TXS). Thromboxane B3 has been reported to be formed by human platelets upon ingestion of eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 5ω3).
    Thromboxane B3
  • HY-W011849
    Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside is a component isolated from Phellodendron amurense, which has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production, and the expression of iNOS and COX-2. Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside also inhibits the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and related genes.
    Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside
  • HY-W012817
    Methylhydroquinone
    		Inhibitor 99.91%
    Methylhydroquinone is an orally active COX inhibitor with IC50s of 480.7 μM and 52.2 μM for ovine COX-1 and human recombinant COX-2, respectively. Methylhydroquinone has potential DNA damaging effects: 1) inhibiting COX-1 to reduce prostaglandin synthesis and exert anti-inflammatory activity; 2) inducing DNA single-strand breaks. Methylhydroquinone exerts its effects by competitively binding to the active sites of COX-1 (such as Tyr385, Met522) and non-covalent interactions.
    Methylhydroquinone
  • HY-W008833
    3-Aminobutanoic acid
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    3-Aminobutanoic acid is a β-amino acid. 3-Aminobutanoic acid can protect plant against a challenge infection with P. infestans. 3-Aminobutanoic acid has various levels of susceptibility for the pathogen.
    3-Aminobutanoic acid
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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