2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0666S4
    L-Aspartic acid-13C4
    		99.65%
    L-Aspartic acid-13C4 is the 13C-labeled L-Aspartic acid. L-Aspartic aicd is an amino acid that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. L-Aspartic aicd is commonly used for preparing prodrugs to target colon and cecal tissues. L-Aspartic aicd commonly used in the study of inflammatory conditions.
    L-Aspartic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-102015
    6-Biopterin
    		99.89%
    6-Biopterin (L-Biopterin), a pterin derivative, is a NO synthase cofactor.
    6-Biopterin
  • HY-N0710
    alpha-Cyperone
    		99.68%
    alpha-Cyperone (α-Cyperone) is associated with the down-regulation of COX-2, IL-6, Nck-2, Cdc42 and Rac1, resulting in reduction of inflammation, which would be highly beneficial for treatment of inflammatory diseases such as AD.
    alpha-Cyperone
  • HY-W012382
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine
    		99.48%
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is an orally active endogenous mitochondrial stress response regulator that can permeate the cell membrane by passive diffusion. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine induces low-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by transiently perturbing mitochondrial membrane potential, triggering reverse signaling to activate FoxO and Keap1 pathways. As a result, N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine enhances the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes, exerting anti-stress and cytoprotective effects. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can improve heat stress tolerance, inhibit tumor growth, and regulate energy metabolism. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can be used in the research of aging, metabolic diseases (such as diabetes), and cancer.
    N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine
  • HY-N0420R
    Succinic acid (Standard)
    Succinic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Succinic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Succinic acid is an anti-anxiety agent with oral activity. Disodium succinate is the salt form of Succinic acid. Succinic acid is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Succinic acid is an important platform chemical. Succinic acid can be used as surfactant, additive, ion chelating agent, flavoring agent and other applications in chemical, pharmaceutical and food fields.
    Succinic acid (Standard)
  • HY-N0601
    Ginsenoside Rf
    		99.48%
    Ginsenoside Rf is a trace component of ginseng root. Ginsenoside Rf inhibits N-type Ca2+ channel.
    Ginsenoside Rf
  • HY-W014930
    DL-5-Hydroxylysine hydrochloride
    		99.85%
    DL-5-Hydroxylysine hydrochloride is a non-essential amino acid that is mainly found in collagen. DL-5-Hydroxylysine hydrochloride is a post-translational modified form of lysine.
    DL-5-Hydroxylysine hydrochloride
  • HY-N0326S7
    L-Methionine-d3
    		99.92%
    L-Methionine-d3 is the deuterium labeled L-Methionine. L-Methionine is the L-isomer of Methionine, an essential amino acid for human development. Methionine acts as a hepatoprotectant.
    L-Methionine-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-112779
    Pertussis Toxin
    		≥99.0%
    Pertussis Toxin is a protein-based AB5-type exotoxin produced by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which causes whooping cough. Pertussis Toxin inhibits G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) signaling through Gi proteins.
    Pertussis Toxin
  • HY-N0457A
    L-Chicoric Acid
    		99.85%
    L-Chicoric Acid ((-)-Chicoric acid) is a dicaffeoyltartaric acid and a potent, selective and reversible HIV-1 integrase inhibitor with an IC50 of ~100 nM. L-Chicoric Acid inhibits HIV-1 replication in tissue culture.
    L-Chicoric Acid
  • HY-113044R
    Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose (Standard)
    Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose (Standard) (UDP-D-Glucose (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose (HY-113044). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose (UDP-glucose), secreted by cardiomyocytes during ischemia and reperfu, is a potent agonist of the proinflammatory P2Y14 receptor. It acts an important role in the regulation of inflammation and neutrophil polarization in neutrophils. Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose is also the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animal tissues and in some microorganisms. Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose is promising for research in counteracting myocardial infarction/reperfusion (MIR)-induced inflammation in the heart tissue.
    Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose (Standard)
  • HY-N0394S1
    L-Cystine-d4
    		99.9%
    L-Cystine-d4 is the deuterium labeled L-Cystine. L-Cystine is an amino acid and intracellular thiol, which plays a critical role in the regulation of cellular processes.
    L-Cystine-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-P0240
    Tuftsin
    		99.65%
    Tuftsin is a tetrapeptide. Tuftsin is a macrophage/microglial activator.
    Tuftsin
  • HY-W005178
    Octadecanedioic acid
    		99.95%
    Octadecanedioic acid is an endogenous metabolite. Octadecanedioic acid can be used in the research of Reye's syndrome.
    Octadecanedioic acid
  • HY-13715C
    Norepinephrine tartrate
    		99.96%
    Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) tartrate is a potent adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist. Norepinephrine tartrate activates α1, α2, β1 receptors.
    Norepinephrine tartrate
  • HY-W017462S
    Creatine-d5 monohydrate
    		99.93%
    Creatine-d5 (monohydrate) is the deuterium labeled Creatine monohydrate. Creatine monohydrate, an endogenous amino acid derivative, plays an important role in cellular energy, especially in muscle and brain.
    Creatine-d<sub>5</sub> monohydrate
  • HY-Y0781R
    Pyruvic acid (Standard)
    Pyruvic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pyruvic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pyruvic acid is an intermediate metabolite in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
    Pyruvic acid (Standard)
  • HY-N2144
    7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin
    		99.23%
    7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin (4',7-Dimethoxy-5-Hydroxyflavone) is a flavonoid present in Lethedon tannaensis. 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin exhibits cytotoxicity against human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.
    7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin
  • HY-W096638A
    Glycerophosphocholine
    		98.89%
    Glycerophosphocholine ((S)-Glycerolphosphocholine) is an orally active metabolite that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Glycerophosphocholine acts as a precursor of acetylcholine, a specific marker for phosphatidylcholine breakdown, a major water-soluble storage form of choline, and an intermediate in phosphatidylcholine metabolism. Glycerophosphocholine is specifically elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer's disease models, and it also promotes growth hormone secretion and fat oxidation. Glycerophosphocholine is also a potential biomarker for breast cancer.
    Glycerophosphocholine
  • HY-W587530
    6-Oxolithocholic acid
    		99.98%
    6-Oxolithocholic acid is a bile acid metabolite derived from Lithocholic acid (HY-B0172). 6-Oxolithocholic acid has high cytotoxicity and can induce apoptosis, especially in hepatocytes. 6-Oxolithocholic acid can participate in the regulation of bile acid metabolism and synthesis and affect the metabolic pathway of cholesterol. 6-Oxolithocholic acid can be used to study the role of bile acids in health and disease, especially in the context of digestive and liver diseases.
    6-Oxolithocholic acid
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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