2. シグナル伝達
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
製品番号 製品名 製品効果 純度 構造式
  • HY-W010970
    5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt

    5'-Guanylic acid (disodium salt)

    		99.53%
    5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt is the disodium salt form of 5'-Guanylic acid (HY-N5134). 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt is a purine nucleotide that participates in physiological processes such as energy metabolism, signal transduction, and gene expression regulation. 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt regulates the expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism. 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt is the weak agonist for ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR), reduces the activity of the glutamatergic system and exhibits neuroprotective effect. 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt also causes neuronal cell death at high concentrations.
    5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt
  • HY-B0228S6
    Adenosine-d2 99.56%
    Adenosine-d2 is the deuterium labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physio
    Adenosine-d<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-N0391S4
    L-Citrulline-d4

    L-Citrulline-d4

    		98.0%
    L-Citrulline-d4 is the deuterium labeled L-Citrulline. L-Citrulline is an amino acid derived from ornithine in the catabolism of proline or glutamine and glutamate, or from l-arginine via arginine-citrulline pathway.
    L-Citrulline-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-N0351S1
    p-Coumaric acid-d6 98.88%
    p-Coumaric acid-d6 is the deuterium labeled p-Coumaric acid (HY-N0351). p-Coumaric acid is the abundant isomer of cinnamic acid which has antitumor and anti-mutagenic activities.
    p-Coumaric acid-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N7493
    N-acetyldopamine 99.36%
    N-acetyldopamine is a sepiapterin reductase inhibitor. N-acetyldopamine is a catecholamine that is used by insects as sclerotizing precursors to harden their cuticle. N-acetyldopamine can attenuate LPS-stimulated TNF-α production and superoxide production in THP-1 cells.
    N-acetyldopamine
  • HY-B0166S
    L-Ascorbic acid-13C6 99.90%
    L-Ascorbic acid-13C6 is the 13C-labeled L-Ascorbic acid. L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells.
    L-Ascorbic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N0324R
    Cholic acid (Standard)
    Cholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cholic acid is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion. Cholic acid is orally active.
    Cholic acid (Standard)
  • HY-134636
    PAPA NONOate 98.0%
    PAPA NONOate is a NO donor with a NO release half-life of 77 min (22-25°C). PAPA NONOate may represent a potential research for impaired wound healing in diabetes by increasing the rate of collagen synthesis at the wound site.
    PAPA NONOate
  • HY-W012836
    4-Ethylphenol

    4-エチルフェノール

    		99.99%
    4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum.
    4-Ethylphenol
  • HY-P2963
    Nuclease P1

    Nuclease P1

    Nuclease P1 is a single-stranded specific endonuclease, it hydrolyzes nucleic acids into 5'-mononucleotides and cleaves the single-stranded region of a double-stranded nucleic acid. Nuclease P1 is one of the most well-known single stranded specific nucleases in the field of molecular biology, it is widely used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Nuclease P1 can be obtained by fermentation of Penicillium citrinum: through extraction process, ultrafiltration concentration, drying and purification, etc.
    Nuclease P1
  • HY-N6746
    Citrinin

    シトリニン

    		99.94%
    Citrinin (NSC 186) is a mycotoxin that causes food contamination and has different toxic effects. Citrinin is an effective oral anticancer agent. Citrinin has various regulatory effects on mouse immune system, including regulating the number of immune cells, inducing apoptosis and autophagy of immune cells, altering toll-like receptor expression and cytokine production. Citrinin can induce oxidative stress and lead to early apoptosis of oocytes. Low doses of Citrinin have neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in rat cortical neurons. In addition, Citrinin also has antibacterial activity.
    Citrinin
  • HY-113334
    Turanose 99.95%
    Turanose is an isomer of Sucrose that naturally exists in honey. Turanose has anti-inflammatory and regulates adipogenesis effect. Turanose has potential for obesity and related chronic diseases research.
    Turanose
  • HY-134200
    1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol

    1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol

    		99.90%
    1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol is a diacylglycerol hormogonium inducer that can be isolated from the coralloid roots of Cycas revoluta. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol promotes the differentiation of filamentous Nostoc cell aggregates into motile hormogonia, and further induces the formation of dense bundle-like structures. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol is not only commonly used as a diacylglycerol standard, but also can effectively identify and separate glycerophosphate-containing phospholipid enantiomers after acetylation. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol is also used to study cyanobacterial developmental mechanisms and lipid analysis.
    1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol
  • HY-N0391S5
    L-Citrulline-d7 99.83%
    L-Citrulline-d7 is the deuterium labeled L-Citrulline. L-Citrulline is an amino acid derived from ornithine in the catabolism of proline or glutamine and glutamate, or from l-arginine via arginine-citrulline pathway.
    L-Citrulline-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-N0019R
    Daidzein (Standard)
    Daidzein (Standard) is the analytical standard of Daidzein. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Daidzein is a soy isoflavone, which acts as a PPAR activator.
    Daidzein (Standard)
  • HY-N0216S
    Benzoic acid-d5

    Benzoic acid-d5

    		99.99%
    Benzoic acid-d5 is a deuterium substitute for Benzoic acid. Benzoic acid is an aromatic alcohol that occurs naturally in many plants and is a common additive in food, beverages, cosmetics and other products. Benzoic acid can act as a preservative by inhibiting bacteria and fungi.
    Benzoic acid-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-113435
    8-Dehydrocholesterol

    8-Dehydrocholesterol

    8-Dehydrocholesterol elevated concentration is one of the diagnostic biochemical hallmarks of classical Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS).
    8-Dehydrocholesterol
  • HY-113137
    N2,N2-Dimethylguanosine 99.40%
    N2,N2-Dimethylguanosine is a methylated modified nucleoside present in RNA and serves as a structural modification component of tRNA. N2,N2-Dimethylguanosine inhibits reverse transcriptase-mediated cDNA synthesis and is one of the key modifications affecting sequencing efficiency in high-throughput RNA sequencing. N2,N2-Dimethylguanosine can be selectively demethylated at one methyl group by AlkB mutant enzymes (such as D135S/L118V) and converted to N2-methylguanosine, thereby reducing the inhibition of reverse transcription.
    N2,N2-Dimethylguanosine
  • HY-N0771S
    L-Isoleucine-13C6 99.77%
    L-Isoleucine-13C6 is the 13C-labeled L-Isoleucine. L-isoleucine is a nonpolar hydrophobic amino acid. L-Isoleucine is an essential amino acid.
    L-Isoleucine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-127137
    Adenylosuccinic acid 99.74%
    Adenylosuccinic acid (Adenylosuccinate; Aspartyl adenylate) is a purine ribonucleoside monophosphate and plays a role in nucleotide cycle metabolite. Adenylosuccinic acid can be converted into fumaric acid through adenylosuccinate lyase. Adenylosuccinic acid has the potential for the study of duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD).
    Adenylosuccinic acid
製品番号 製品名 / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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