2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-12300
    Ocifisertib
    		Inducer 99.78%
    CFI-400945 free base is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable PLK4 inhibitor with a Ki and an IC50 of 0.26 nM and 2.8 nM, respectively.
    Ocifisertib
  • HY-10875
    LRRK2-IN-1
    		Inducer 99.04%
    LRRK2-IN-1 is a potent and selective LRRK2 inhibitor with IC50 of 6 nM and 13 nM for LRRK2 (G2019S) and LRRK2 (WT), respectively.
    LRRK2-IN-1
  • HY-111343
    ONC212
    		Inducer 99.86%
    ONC212, a fluorinated-ONC201 analogue, is a promising anti-cancer agent and also a selective agonist of GPR132. ONC212 also induces apoptosis.
    ONC212
  • HY-12037A
    Rigosertib
    		Inducer 99.01%
    Rigosertib (ON-01910) is a multi-kinase inhibitor and a selective anti-cancer agent, which induces apoptosis by inhibition the PI3 kinase/Akt pathway, promots the phosphorylation of histone H2AX and induces G2/M arrest in cell cycle. Rigosertib is a selective and non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of PLK1 with an IC50 of 9 nM.
    Rigosertib
  • HY-14808
    Adarotene
    		Inducer 99.15%
    Adarotene is an effective apoptosis inducer, which surprisingly produces DNA damage and exhibites a potent antiproliferative activity on a large panel of human tumor cells.
    Adarotene
  • HY-125665
    Pheophorbide A
    		Inducer 98.20%
    Pheophorbide A is an intermediate product in the chlorophyll degradation pathway. Pheophorbide A can be used as a photosensitizer. Pheophorbide A is a lymphatic vascular activator. Pheophorbide A has antitumor activity. Pheophorbide A can be used for human lymphatic vascular insufficiencies research.
    Pheophorbide A
  • HY-16561R
    Resveratrol (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Resveratrol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Resveratrol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Resveratrol (trans-Resveratrol; SRT501), a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin that possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Resveratrol (SRT 501) has a wide spectrum of targets including mTOR, JAK, β-amyloid, Adenylyl cyclase, IKKβ, DNA polymerase. Resveratrol also is a specific SIRT1 activator. Resveratrol is a potent pregnane X receptor (PXR) inhibitor. Resveratrol is an Nrf2 activator, ameliorates aging-related progressive renal injury in mice model. Resveratrol increases production of NO in endothelial cells.
    Resveratrol (Standard)
  • HY-N2493
    Lawsone
    		Inducer 99.69%
    Lawsone is an orally active naphthoquinone dye that can be isolated from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis. Lawsone can induce apoptosis. Lawsone has antibacterial, antitumor and antioxidant activities. Lawsone can be used in anti-tumor drug research.
    Lawsone
  • HY-N0031
    Plantamajoside
    		Activator 99.80%
    Plantamajoside is an orally active phenylpropanoid glycoside. Plantamajoside can be isolated from Plantago asiatica L.(Plantaginaceae). Plantamajoside inactivates NF-κB, PI3K/akt, induces Apoptosis, and improves Autophagy. Plantamajoside regulates MAPK, integrin-linked kinase/c-Src. Plantamajoside inhibits multiple cancers, improves lung and kidney damage. Plantamajoside has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
    Plantamajoside
  • HY-32736
    Triptonide
    		Inducer 99.89%
    Triptonide (NSC 165677) is a natural product identified in Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F.. Triptonide is a Wnt signaling inhibitor with an IC50 of appropriately 0.3 nM. Triptonide has immunosuppression, anti-inflammatory, anti-fertility, neuroprotective and anti-lymphoma effects.
    Triptonide
  • HY-B0863
    Glyphosate
    		Inducer 98.0%
    Glyphosate, a non-selective systemic biocide with broad-spectrum activity, is an herbicidal derivative of the amino acid glycine. Glyphosate inhibits the enzymatic activity of the 5-endopyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) in the shikimic acid pathway, preventing the synthesis of the aromatic amino acids tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan. Glyphosate induces oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, processes that lead to neuronal death by autophagia, necrosis, or apoptosis, as well as the appearance of behavioral and motor disorders.
    Glyphosate
  • HY-B0356B
    Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate
    		Inducer 99.88%
    Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) hydrochloride monohydrate is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity.
    Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate
  • HY-101925
    CM-272
    		Inducer 98.0%
    CM-272 is a first-in-class, potent, selective, substrate-competitive and reversible dual G9a/DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) inhibitor with antitumor activities. CM-272 inhibits G9a, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B and GLP with IC50s of 8 nM, 382 nM, 85 nM, 1200 nM and 2 nM, respectively. CM-272 inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis, inducing IFN-stimulated genes and immunogenic cell death.
    CM-272
  • HY-101266
    Milademetan
    		Inducer 98.87%
    Milademetan (DS-3032) is a specific and orally active MDM2 inhibitor for the research of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or solid tumors. Milademetan (DS-3032) induces G1 cell cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis.
    Milademetan
  • HY-N0681
    D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt
    		Inducer 99.80%
    D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt is an orally active vitamin that reduces patulin in apple juice. D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt removes ROS. D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt has antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities. D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt also has the effect of improving osteoporosis and obesity.
    D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt
  • HY-N2409
    Delphinidin chloride
    		Inducer 98.0%
    Delphinidin chloride is an anthocyanin isolated from berries and red wine. Delphinidin chloride exhibits endothelium-dependent vasodilation and anticancer activity. Delphinidin chloride also modulates JAK/STAT3 and MAPK signaling, thereby inducing apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Delphinidin chloride is also a potent inhibitor of EGFR (IC50: 1.3 μM), shutting down downstream signaling cascades.
    Delphinidin chloride
  • HY-B0167A
    Sodium Salicylate
    		Inducer 99.99%
    Sodium Salicylate (Salicylic acid sodium salt) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation. Sodium Salicylate is also a S6K inhibitor.Sodium Salicylate is a NF-κB inhibitor that decreases inflammatory gene expression and improves repair in aged muscle.
    Sodium Salicylate
  • HY-110066
    (Z)-Guggulsterone
    		Inducer 99.41%
    (Z)-Guggulsterone, a constituent of Indian Ayurvedic medicinal plant Commiphora mukul, inhibits the growth of human prostate cancer cells by causing apoptosis. (Z)-Guggulsterone inhibits angiogenesis by suppressing the VEGF–VEGF-R2–Akt signaling axis. (Z)-Guggulsterone is also a potent FXR antagonist. (Z)-Guggulsterone reduces ACE2 expression and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    (Z)-Guggulsterone
  • HY-N0016
    Glycitein
    		Inducer 99.72%
    Glycitein is a soy isoflavone used to study apoptosis and antioxidant.
    Glycitein
  • HY-P990008
    Atrosab
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Atrosab is a humanized IgG1 antagonistic anti-TNFR1 antibody. Atrosab inhibits TNF-mediated Apoptosis induction and IL-6 and IL-8 production. Atrosab reduces neurological deficits. Atrosab can be used for research of inflammatory disease. The recommend isotype control is Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001).
    Atrosab
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity