2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-13930
    Miquelianin
    		99.96%
    Miquelianin (Quercetin 3-O-glucuronide) is a metabolite of quercetin and a type of natural flavonoid. Miquelianin is also a CBR1 inhibitor. Miquelianin is permeable to the blood-brain barrier.
    Miquelianin
  • HY-N0455A
    L-Arginine hydrochloride
    		99.95%
    L-Arginine ((S)-(+)-Arginine) is the substrate for the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to generate NO. L-Arginine is transported into vascular smooth muscle cells by the cationic amino acid transporter family of proteins where it is metabolized to nitric oxide (NO), polyamines, or L-proline. L-Arginine is a potent vasodilator, and can be used to induce experimental acute pancreatitis.
    L-Arginine hydrochloride
  • HY-B2176R
    ATP (Standard)
    ATP (Standard) is the analytical standard of ATP. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. In Vitro: ATP (5 mM; 1 hour) co-treatment with LPS (1 μg/mL) has a synergistic effect on the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in HGFs.
    ATP (2 mM; 0.5-24 hours) induces secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 from BMDMs in a caspase-1 activation-dependent manner.
    ATP promotes neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro.
    In Vivo: ATP (50 mg/kg; i.p.) protects mice against bacterial infection in vivo.
    ATP induces the secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 and neutrophils recruitment in vivo.
    ATP (Standard)
  • HY-N0098
    Vanillin
    		99.96%
    Vanillin (p-Vanillin) is a single molecule extracted from vanilla beans and also a popular odor used widely in perfume, food and medicine.
    Vanillin
  • HY-W007606
    Tyramine
    		99.96%
    Tyramine is an amino acid that helps regulate blood pressure. Tyramine occurs naturally in the body, and it's found in certain foods.
    Tyramine
  • HY-107854
    N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine
    		99.96%
    N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine is a Melatonin precursor, and that it can potently activate TrkB receptor.
    N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine
  • HY-N0610A
    Cinnamic acid
    		99.99%
    Cinnamic acid has potential use in cancer intervention, with IC50s of 1-4.5 mM in glioblastoma, melanoma, prostate and lung carcinoma cells.
    Cinnamic acid
  • HY-N1132A
    D-(+)-Trehalose dihydrate
    		98.0%
    D-(+)-Trehalose dihydrate, isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, can be used as a food ingredient and pharmaceutical excipient.
    D-(+)-Trehalose dihydrate
  • HY-14614A
    S-Adenosyl-L-methionine chloride dihydrochloride
    S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (S-Adenosyl methionine) chloride dihydrochloride is an orally active methyl group donor. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine chloride dihydrochloride is a dietary supplement with potent antidepressant effects. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine chloride dihydrochloride also has anti‑proliferative, pro‑apoptotic and anti‑metastatic roles in cancers. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine chloride dihydrochloride has the potential for, cancer, liver disease and osteoarthritis research.
    S-Adenosyl-L-methionine chloride dihydrochloride
  • HY-125771
    1-Stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
    		99.53%
    1-Stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is a lysophosphatidylcholine that inhibits HDAC3 activity and phosphorylation of STAT3 in K562 cells. 1-Stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine induces apoptosis and exhibits anticancer activity in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) K562 cells.
    1-Stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  • HY-N0058
    4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid
    		99.65%
    4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Isochlorogenic acid C) is an antioxidant, can be isolated from Gynura divaricata and Laggera alata. 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid reduces islet cell apoptosis and improves pancreatic function in type 2 diabetic mice, and has obvious inhibitory activities against yeast α-glucosidase. 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid inhibits prostate cancer cells through cell cycle arrest. 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid also has anti-apoptotic, anti-injury and anti-hepatitis B virus effects.
    4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid
  • HY-B0251
    Eplerenone
    		Inhibitor 99.81%
    Eplerenone (Epoxymexrenone) is a selective, highly specific and orally active aldosterone blocker (SAB). Eplerenone also is a selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) with IC50 value of 0.081 μM. Eplerenone can be used for the research of hypertension, atherosclerosis, chronic systolic heart failure (HF) and cardiovascular (CV).
    Eplerenone
  • HY-30219
    D-​(+)​-​Phenyllactic acid
    		99.93%
    D-​(+)​-​Phenyllactic acid is an anti-bacterial agent, excreted by Geotrichum candidum, inhibits a range of Gram-positive from humans and foodstuffs and Gram-negative bacteria found in humans.
    D-​(+)​-​Phenyllactic acid
  • HY-N1415
    β-Caryophyllene
    		99.75%
    β-Caryophyllene is a CB2 receptor agonist.
    β-Caryophyllene
  • HY-113123
    LysoPC(14:0/0:0)
    		99.84%
    LysoPC(14:0/0:0) is a lysophospholipid (LyP). It is a monoglycerophospholipid in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. LysoPC(14:0/0:0) has potent antispasmodic effect.
    LysoPC(14:0/0:0)
  • HY-B0504
    Creatinine
    		99.92%
    Creatinine (NSC13123) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable modulator of GABAA and NMDA receptors, with activities of antioxidation and metabolic regulation. Creatinine is generated via non-enzymatic conversion of creatine and phosphocreatine in muscle. Creatinine serum levels correlate with muscle mass, glomerular filtration rate, and extrarenal clearance, serving as an evaluation biomarker for renal function, muscle mass, and clinical outcomes, and used for perioperative renal risk assessment. In addition, Creatinine can induce specific Cryptococcus species to produce creatinine deiminase and act as their nitrogen source, while it can be secreted via renal tubules. Creatinine is widely used in research related to various diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and renal failure.
    Creatinine
  • HY-W015611
    L-(+)-Arabinose
    		99.83%
    L-(+)-Arabinose selectively inhibits intestinal sucrase activity in a noncompetitive manner and suppresses the plasma glucose increase due to sucrose ingestion.
    L-(+)-Arabinose
  • HY-17461
    Cortisone
    		99.34%
    Cortisone (17-Hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone), an oxidized metabolite of Cortisol (a Glucocorticoid). Cortisone acts as an immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory agent. Cortisone can partially intervene in binding of Glucocorticoid to Glucocorticoid-receptor at high concentrations.
    Cortisone
  • HY-134238
    Cardiolipin (Heart, Bovine) sodium
    		99.0%
    Cardiolipin (Heart, Bovine) sodium is a mitochondria-exclusive phospholipid that can be extracted from Bovine hear. Cardiolipin (Heart, Bovine) sodium can maintain mitochondrial function, regulate cellular metabolism and signaling and induce apoptosis and autophagy. Cardiolipin (Heart, Bovine) sodium can be coated on microtitre plates for ELISA assay. Cardiolipin (Heart, Bovine) sodium can be used for the researches of inflammation, immunology, cardiovascular and neurological disease.
    Cardiolipin (Heart, Bovine) sodium
  • HY-N0157
    Orotic acid
    		99.98%
    Orotic acid (6-Carboxyuracil), a precursor in biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and RNA, is released from the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) for conversion to UMP by the cytoplasmic UMP synthase enzyme. Orotic acid is a marker for measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders. Orotic acid can induce hepatic steatosis and hepatomegaly in rats.
    Orotic acid
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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