2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W015300
    Suberic acid
    		98.0%
    Suberic acid (Octanedioic acid) is an orally active crystalline dibasic acid. Suberic acid activates the Akt signaling pathway and regulates the expression of molecules related to the TGF-β and MAPK signaling pathways. Suberic acid inhibits skin dryness.
    Suberic acid
  • HY-N0473S
    L-Tyrosine-d4
    		99.49%
    L-Tyrosine-d4 is a deuterium labeled L-Tyrosine. L-Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid which can inhibit citrate synthase activity in the posterior cortex.
    L-Tyrosine-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-128965
    N-Glycolylneuraminic acid
    		99.76%
    N-Glycolylneuraminic acid is a nonhuman sialic acid molecule synthesized in pigs but not in humans. N-Glycolylneuraminic acid works as a decoy receptor of N-Glycolylneuraminic acid-binding influenza A viruses (IAVs).
    N-Glycolylneuraminic acid
  • HY-125572
    Gibberellin A7
    		99.77%
    Gibberellin A7 (GA7) is a terpenoid that serve as an important plant hormone. Gibberellin A7 acts as a growth and response modulator against injuries and parasitism. Gibberellin A7 presents antibiofilm properties at 940 mM concentration. Gibberellin A7 can inhibit flower bud formation in some plants. Gibberellin A7 shows antioxidant activity against peroxyl radicals. Gibberellin A7 exhibits anti-Candida activity against Candia albicans.
    Gibberellin A7
  • HY-13715R
    Norepinephrine (Standard)
    Norepinephrine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Norepinephrine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) is a potent adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist. Norepinephrine activates α1, α2, β1 receptors.
    Norepinephrine (Standard)
  • HY-12695B
    Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt hydrate
    Guanosine 5'-triphosphate (5'-GTP) trisodium salt hydrate is a G protein (G proteins) signaling activator and a high-energy precursor in the biosynthesis of nucleotide units in DNA and RNA. Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt hydrate can promote myogenic cell differentiation by upregulating miRNA (miR133a, miR133b) and myogenic regulatory factor expression, and by inducing human myogenic precursor cells to release exosomes containing guanosine molecules. Guanosine-5'-triphosphate disodium salt hydrate holds promise for research in biosynthesis and skeletal muscle regeneration.
    Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt hydrate
  • HY-112108
    Chitosan oligosaccharide
    Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) activates AMPK and inhibits inflammatory signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK pathways.
    Chitosan oligosaccharide
  • HY-113301
    Hexacosanoic acid
    		98.15%
    Hexacosanoic acid is a very long-chain fatty acid. Abnormally elevated levels of Hexacosanoic acid are closely associated with various diseases, such as X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, adrenomyeloneuropathy, atherosclerosis, and dementia.
    Hexacosanoic acid
  • HY-N0149
    Salicin
    		99.43%
    Salicin is a natural COX inhibitor.
    Salicin
  • HY-Y0017
    L-Norleucine
    		≥98.0%
    L-Norleucine ((S)-2-Aminohexanoic acid) is an isomer of leucine, specifically affects protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, and has antivirus activity.
    L-Norleucine
  • HY-W017018S4
    L-Ornithine-d7 hydrochloride
    		99.90%
    L-Ornithine-d7 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled L-Ornithine hydrochloride. L-Ornithine hydrochloride is a free amino acid that plays a central role in the urea cycle and is also important for the disposal of excess nitrogen.
    L-Ornithine-d<sub>7</sub> hydrochloride
  • HY-N0229S3
    L-Alanine-d4
    		99.94%
    L-Alanine-d4 is the deuterium labeled L-Alanine. L-Alanine is a non-essential amino acid, involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases immunity, and provides energy for muscle tissue, brain, and central nervous system.
    L-Alanine-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-N11848
    D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate
    		99.97%
    D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate is an endogenous metabolite that can be synthesized by glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT). D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate can be used for the research of diabetes mellitus.
    D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate
  • HY-B0389S10
    D-Glucose-13C
    		99.91%
    D-Glucose-13C is the 13C labeled D-Glucose. D-Glucose (Glucose), a monosaccharide, is an important carbohydrate in biology. D-Glucose is a carbohydrate sweetener and critical components of the general metabolism, and serve as critical signaling molecules in relation to both cellular metabolic status and biotic and abiotic stress response.
    D-Glucose-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-113008B
    trans-Urocanic acid
    		99.94%
    trans-urocanic acid (trans-UCA), a natural epidermal constituent, inhibits human natural killer cell (NK) activity in vitro. trans-urocanic acid is active in regulating an immune function.
    trans-Urocanic acid
  • HY-113217
    Cholesteryl oleate
    		99.0%
    Cholesteryl oleate is an ester compound formed from Cholesterol (HY-N0322) and Oleic acid (HY-N1446), which is involved in lipid transport, storage and cell membrane formation in living organisms. Cholesteryl oleate may serve as a potential biomarker for prostate cancer. Cholesteryl oleate can also prepare cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for efficient gene silencing.
    Cholesteryl oleate
  • HY-125527
    Resolvin D1
    		99.60%
    Resolvin D1 (RvD1), an endogenous pro-resolving mediator of inflammation, is derived from omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid during the resolution phase of acute inflammation. Resolvin D1 blocks proinflammatory neutrophil migration by regulating actin polymerization, reduces TNF-α–mediated inflammation in macrophages, and enhances phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages.
    Resolvin D1
  • HY-N2464
    Maltotetraose
    		99.88%
    Maltotetraose can serve as a substrate for enzyme-linked assays to measure amylase activity in biological fluids. Maltotetraose has oral active, and reduces TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB activity and decreasing ICAM-1 expression. Maltotetraose also inhibits PDGF-induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration and neovascularization. Additionally, Maltotetraose derivatives can function as probes for detecting bacterial infections by targeting the maltodextrin transporter. With good long-term safety, Maltotetraose holds promise for research in atherosclerosis-related diseases.
    Maltotetraose
  • HY-W008091
    5-Methylcytosine
    		99.94%
    5-Methylcytosine is a well-characterized DNA modification in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 5-Methylcytosine forms symmetrical methylation on CpG dinucleotides in DNA, stabilizes tRNA/rRNA structure in RNA, and affects mRNA translation. 5-Methylcytosine can be oxidized to generate 5hmC, 5fC, and 5caC. 5-Methylcytosine can be used in epigenetics, developmental biology, and the study of diseases such as colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.
    5-Methylcytosine
  • HY-122942
    Moracin M
    		98.99%
    Moracin M is a phenolic component that can be isolated from Mori Cortex, is a potent phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor with IC50 values of 2.9, 4.5, >40, and >100 μM for PDE4D2, PDE4B2, PDE5A1, and PDE9A2, respectively. Moracin M has anti-inflammatory activity.
    Moracin M
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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