Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health^[1]^[2]^[3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets^[1]^[2]^[3].

References:

[1]. Seyedsayamdost MR. Toward a global picture of bacterial secondary metabolism. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Mar;46(3-4):301-311.

[2]. Ruiz B, et al. Production of microbial secondary metabolites: regulation by the carbon source. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2010 May;36(2):146-67.

[3]. Wishart DS. Metabolomics for Investigating Physiological and Pathophysiological Processes. Physiol Rev. 2019 Oct 1;99(4):1819-1875.

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8483)
Antibodies (477)
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

By Effects:	Inhibitors (66) Agonists (3) Controls (2) Antagonist (1) Activators (7) Modulators (9) Chemicals (14) Inducers (6)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-43470

3α,12β-Dihydroxycholanoic acid
3α,12β-Dihydroxycholanoic acid is a bile acid that can be isolated from urine specimens of healthy humans.

HY-W015464

N-Isovaleroylglycine		99.86%
N-Isovaleroylglycine is an acyl glycine and could be used as a biomarker for the predispositon for weight gain and obesity.

HY-17463R

Prednisolone (Standard)
Prednisolone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Prednisolone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Prednisolone is a potent, orally active corticosteroid and a glucocorticoid. Prednisolone possesses about four times the anti-inflammatory activity of hydrocortisone while causing less salt and water retention. Prednisolone can be used for ocular, anti-inflammatory research.

HY-41461

5-Amino-3H-imidazole-4-Carboxamide		99.99%
5-Amino-3H-imidazole-4-Carboxamide (5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide; AICA) is an important precursor for the synthesis of purines in general and of the nucleobases adenine and guanine in particular.

HY-14650R

DHEA (Standard)
DHEA (Prasterone) (Standard) is the analytical standard of DHEA. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DHEA is a steroid hormone.

HY-107494A

all-trans-4-Oxoretinoic acid		98.03%
all-trans-4-Oxoretinoic acid, an active metabolite of vitamin A, induces gene transcription via binding to nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs).

HY-W008449

1-Methylxanthine		98.10%
1-Methylxanthine, a caffeine derivative, is an essential human urinary metabolite of caffeine and theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine, TP). 1-Methylxanthine enhances the radiosensitivity of tumor cells.

HY-W006492

5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione		99.76%
5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione is the endogenous progesterone metabolite.

HY-W016562S1

Hippuric acid-d₂		99.85%
Hippuric acid-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Hippuric acid. Hippuric Acid (2-Benzamidoacetic acid), an acyl glycine produced by the conjugation of benzoic acid and glycine, is a normal component in urine as a metabolite of aromatic compounds from food.

HY-P2724

Purine nucleoside phosphorylase, Microorganism
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase, Microorganism (PNP) is a key enzyme in purine metabolism, which is involved in the purine rescue pathway. The deficiency of Purine nucleoside phosphorylase resulted in impaired T cell function. In the presence of inorganic orthophosphate as the second substrate, Purine nucleoside phosphorylase catalyzes the breaking of the glycosidic bond between ribose and deoxyribonucleoside to generate purine base and ribose (deoxyribose) -1-phosphate.

HY-P2752

Lipoprotein lipase, Pseudomonas sp
Lipoprotein lipase, Pseudomonas sp (LPL) is a multifunctional enzyme from adipose tissue, heart and skeletal muscle, islets and macrophages. Lipoprotein lipase promotes normal lipoprotein metabolism, delivery and utilization of tissue-specific substrates. Lipoprotein lipase catalyzes the rate-limiting step of lipids in blood circulation.

HY-N0739

Betaine chloride		98.0%
Betaine chloride is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns.

HY-N0623S9

L-Tryptophan-d₃		99.98%
L-Tryptophan-d₃ is the deuterium labeled L-Tryptophan. L-Tryptophan (Tryptophan) is an essential amino acid that is the precursor of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3.

HY-N0322S1

Cholesterol-d₆		99.0%
Cholesterol-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

HY-Y0520S

Itaconic acid-¹³C₅		99.22%
Itaconic acid-¹³C₅ is the ¹³C labeled Itaconic acid. Itaconic acid, a precursor of polymers, chemicals, and fuels, can be synthesized by many fungi. Itaconic acid also is a macrophage-specific metabolite. Itaconic acid mediates crosstalk between macrophage metabolism and peritoneal tumors.

HY-N0086S

N6-Methyladenosine-d₃		99.97%
N6-Methyladenosine-d₃ (6-Methyladenosine-d₃; N-Methyladenosine-d₃) is a deuterium labeled N6-Methyladenosine (HY-N0086). N6-Methyladenosine is the most prevalent internal (non-cap) modification present in the messenger RNA (mRNA) of all higher eukaryotes. N6-Methyladenosine can modifies viral RNAs and has antiviral activities.

HY-75954

2-Hydroxyhexanoic acid		99.95%
2-Hydroxyhexanoic acid is a metabolite. 2-Hydroxyhexanoic acid is elevated in metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. 2-Hydroxyhexanoic acid does not promote the proliferation, migration or invasion of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor cells. 2-Hydroxyhexanoic acid can be used in the research of metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

HY-113262

8-Hydroxyguanosine		99.93%
8-Hydroxyguanosine, an oxidized nucleoside, is a marker of RNA oxidative damage and oxidative stress. 8-Hydroxyguanosine stimulates proliferation and differentiation of murine B cells with immunostimulatory activity. 8-Hydroxyguanosine is promising for research of Alzheimer’s disease and Down’s syndrome.

HY-101400A

Deoxycytidine triphosphate trisodium solution (100 mM)		99.31%
Deoxycytidine triphosphate trisodium (dCTP trisodium) solution (100 mM) is a nucleoside triphosphate that can be used for DNA synthesis. Deoxycytidine triphosphate trisodium salt has many applications, such as real-time PCR, cDNA synthesis, and DNA sequencing.

HY-W013636A

2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium		98.0%
2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC₅₀=15 mM).

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Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8483)

Antibodies (477)

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8483):