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  5. Lipopolysaccharides

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is an endotoxin derived from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consists of an antigen O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides is a pathogenic associated molecular pattern (PAMP) that activates the immune system. Lipopolysaccharides activates TLR-4 on immune cells. This product is derived from Escherichia coli O55:B5. Lipopolysaccharides induces secretion of cell migrasome.

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Lipopolysaccharides Chemical Structure

Lipopolysaccharides Chemical Structure

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5 mg USD 132 In-stock
10 mg USD 220 In-stock
25 mg USD 480 In-stock
50 mg USD 810 In-stock
100 mg USD 1250 In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 160 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Lipopolysaccharides Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

150 Publications Citing Use of MCE Lipopolysaccharides

IF
WB
Proliferation Assay
RT-PCR

    Lipopolysaccharides purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022 May 23;e2105650.  [Abstract]

    In LPS (1 µg/mL; 24 h)-stimulated macrophages, Representative fluorescence images of macrophage phenotypes after incubation with different pretreated neutrophils; iNOS (red), CD206 (green), and nuclei (blue).

    Lipopolysaccharides purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022 May 23;e2105650.  [Abstract]

    Western blot analysis of the phenotypic markers in LPS (1 µg/mL; 24 h)-stimulated macrophages.

    Lipopolysaccharides purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomater Res. 2022 Apr 25;26(1):15.  [Abstract]

    HUVECs ae induced with LPS 100 ng/mL for 24 h, then treated with PLCL-N, MPSS-loaded with 0.2 mg, 0.4 mg, 0.6 mg, 0.8 mg and 1 mg for another 24 h.

    Lipopolysaccharides purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2022 Jan 21;13(1):73.  [Abstract]

    Effect of NKAP on the U87MG cell sensitivity to Erastin (10 μM), iFSP1 (100 μM), SAS (500 μM), Rotenone (2.5 μM), 17-DMAG (300 nM), Staurosporine (1.5 μM), TMZ (200 μM), β-lapachone (2 μM), H2O2 (1‰), LPS (200 μg/mL), and Rapamycin (300 nM). All drug treatments are for 24 h.

    Lipopolysaccharides purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Sens Actuators B Chem. 15 December 2022, 132707.

    LPS is used as an external stimulus to induce •OH generation in the A549 and HeLa cell lines. Co-localization fluorescence imaging in A549 and HeLa cells using MTG and PY. Cells were incubated with LPS (10.0 μg/mL) for 24 h and then stained with MTG (500 nM) and PY (5.0 μM) for 30 min.

    Lipopolysaccharides purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Elife. 2022 May 4;11:e76707.  [Abstract]

    qPCR analysis for the expression of indicated genes in D40 fVBOrs treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (500 ng/mL; for 72 hr) without or with PLX5622 2 μM using DMSO as vehicle control.

    Lipopolysaccharides purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Immunol. 2022 Jun 10;13:859806.  [Abstract]

    BMDMs are planted on XF24-well seahorse plates at the density of 5 × 104 cells per well and stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS and 20 ng/mL hIFN-γ for 48 hours.

    Lipopolysaccharides purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Funct Mater. 10 March 2022.

    The effect of CaNP on BMDM recruitment of T cells. Left panel: BMDM-M2 treated with CaNP (35 µg/mL) and LPS (50 ng/mL)/IFN-γ (20 ng/mL) for 48 h are in the lower compartment. CD8+ T cells are in the upper compartment. Right panel: representative images of BMDM recruitment of T cells. CD8+ T cells were labeled with FITC.

    Lipopolysaccharides purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Med Virol. 2020 Aug 10.  [Abstract]

    The results show Apigenin significantly decreased 3pRNA‐ but not poly I:C‐ and LPS (0.5 μg/mL)‐induced A549 cell death.

    Lipopolysaccharides purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Control Release. 2020 Jan 28;320:304-313.  [Abstract]

    Cells were differentiated to macrophages with PMA and then treated with 1 μg/mL LPS for 3 h.

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    Description

    Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is an endotoxin derived from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consists of an antigen O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides is a pathogenic associated molecular pattern (PAMP) that activates the immune system. Lipopolysaccharides activates TLR-4 on immune cells[1][2][3]. This product is derived from Escherichia coli O55:B5. Lipopolysaccharides induces secretion of cell migrasome[4].

    IC50 & Target

    TLR4

     

    In Vitro

    Lipopolysaccharides (10–80 μg/mL) selectively decreases THir (tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive) cells and increases culture media levels of interleukin1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as well as nitrite (an index of nitric oxide (NO) production)[5].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Lipopolysaccharides Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Lipopolysaccharides can be used in animal modeling to construct a mouse liver inflammation model.

    Lipopolysaccharides (1.5 mg/kg; i.p.; once) induces sickness and hypothermia in mice, and induces a greater and more prolonged sickness response in adult male mice[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Female and male CD1 mice[3]
    Dosage: 1.5mg/kg
    Administration: Intraperitoneal injection, once
    Result: Induced sickness behavior in all mice, but adult mice displayed more sickness than pubertal mice and adult males remained sick for a longer period of time than adult females.
    Caused a decrease in body temperature for all mice, but this decrease was greatest in adult males.
    Increased pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines at various levels in pubertal and adult male and female mice, resulted in age and sex differences in cytokine concentrations following immune challenge.
    Only adult males and females treated with LPS displayed significantly more IL-6 than their saline controls, and pubertal males and females and adult females displayed significantly more IL-10 than their saline controls.
    All the mice displayed significantly more IL-12 and TNF-α than their saline controls.
    Clinical Trial
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    [Lipopolysaccharides]
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source

    surface of Gram-negative bacteria
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 14.29 mg/mL (ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : 5 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic)

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    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (Infinity mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (14.3 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 8.33 mg/mL (Infinity mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
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    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    COA (243 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
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    Lipopolysaccharides Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    LipopolysaccharidesLPSToll-like Receptor (TLR)EscherichiacoliO55:B5endotoxinGram-negativeimmunogenic antigenimmuneTNF-αhypothermiacytokinesInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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