Minoxidil
Based on 11 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Minoxidil (U10858) is an ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener, a potent oral antihypertensive agent and a peripheral vasodilator that promotes vasodilation also affects hair growth. Minoxidil is also a potent inhibitor of soybean lipoxygenaseare with an IC50 of 20 μM.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.99%
- CAS No.: 38304-91-5
- Formula: C9H15N5O
- Molecular Weight:209.25
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Minoxidil
More- Cell Stem Cell. 2024 Jan 4;31(1):52-70.e8. [Abstract]
- Bioact Mater. 2025 Nov 14:57:344-357. [Abstract]
- J Adv Res. 2025 Oct 16:S2090-1232(25)00818-5. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2025 May:140:156590. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2021 Jun 8;35(10):109225. [Abstract]
- J Med Chem. 2024 Jun 27;67(12):10336-10349. [Abstract]
- Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Jun 23;12(7):1332. [Abstract]
- Drug Des Devel Ther. 2023 Aug 24:17:2537-2547. [Abstract]
- Dermatol Clin. 2024 September 12.
- Biomed Res Int. 2022 Nov 18:2022:3139123. [Abstract]
- Sys Rev Pharm. 2021;12(1):402-410.
Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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WB
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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IHC
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
IC50: 20 μM (soybean lipoxygenaseare)[1]; ATP-sensitive potassium channel[2]
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
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| HL-60 | IC50 |
>10 μM
Compound: MNX
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Induction of cell differentiation in human HL60 cells by NBT/MTT assay
Induction of cell differentiation in human HL60 cells by NBT/MTT assay
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[PMID: 26832215] |
Minoxidil (1-00 μM; 24 hours; RAMEC cells) treatment shows very low cytotoxicities in the whole area of concentrations examined (from 1 μM to 100 μM)[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Fisher 344 rats (150-200 g) with oedema[1]
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Dosage:0.01 mmol/kg body weight
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection; for 3.5 hours
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Result:Inhibition of the carrageenin-induced oedema.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 38304-91-5
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 209.25
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Formula C9H15N5O
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
NC1=NC(N2CCCCC2)=CC(N)=[N+]1[O-]
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Synonyms
U10858
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (11)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cell Stem Cell
Kidney organoid models reveal cilium-autophagy metabolic axis as a therapeutic target for PKD both in vitro and in vivo. [Abstract]2024 Jan 4;31(1):52-70.e8. PMID: 38181751
Minoxidil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Stem Cell. 2024 Jan 4;31(1):52-70.e8. [Abstract]
Representative bright-field images of ARPKD (ARPKD Epi-17) kidney organoids treated with a concentration gradient of ST034307 and Minoxidil (0.1-5 μM) in the presence of FSK for 3 days. Scale bars, 200 μm.
Minoxidil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Stem Cell. 2024 Jan 4;31(1):52-70.e8. [Abstract]
Minoxidil (i.p.; once daily for 3 weeks) administered at 1 and 5 mg/kg/day reduced the calculated cystic index of ARPKD kidney organoid xenografts from host NSG mice by 18.85% and 33.93%, respectively.
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Bioact Mater
Sustainability of functional hair follicle activity: Impact of spatially anchored multifunctional tetrahedral framework nucleic acids. [Abstract]2025 Nov 14:57:344-357. PMID: 41323202
Minoxidil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Bioact Mater. 2025 Nov 14:57:344-357. [Abstract]
Cell proliferation assay in DPCs and HFSCs treated with DHT (500 μM) and DHT combined with Minoxidil (20 μM), tFNFs (0.25 μM), Que (20 μM), and TQC (tFNFs/Que: 0.25/20 μM) for 24 h.
Minoxidil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Bioact Mater. 2025 Nov 14:57:344-357. [Abstract]
Time-course observations of hair growth of samples at 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 15, 18, 21, 24, and 28 days (n = 5). The results showed that Minoxidil (5%; topical application, 100 μL per application) treatment, serving as a positive control, led to gradual hair regrowth starting from day 10, with marked hair coverage observed by day 28.
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J Adv Res
Targeting PLOD2 induces epithelioid differentiation and improves therapeutic response in sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Oct 16:S2090-1232(25)00818-5. PMID: 41109566
Minoxidil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 Oct 16:S2090-1232(25)00818-5. [Abstract]
Minoxidil (0.5 mM； 48 h) led to a significant increase in the expression of epithelial differentiation markers in 786-O sccRCC cells.
Minoxidil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 Oct 16:S2090-1232(25)00818-5. [Abstract]
Minoxidil (0.25-0.5 mM; 48 h) did not cause substantial 786-O ccRCC cell death.
Minoxidil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 Oct 16:S2090-1232(25)00818-5. [Abstract]
Minoxidil (6 mg/kg; gavage) significantly reduced the Ki-67 index in sccRCC xenograft mouse models.
Minoxidil purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 Oct 16:S2090-1232(25)00818-5. [Abstract]
Minoxidil (6 mg/kg; gavage) significantly reduced the tumor growth rate in sccRCC xenograft mouse models.
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Phytomedicine
Deoxyshikonin from Arnebiae Radix promotes hair growth by targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. [Abstract]2025 May:140:156590. PMID: 40049105 -
Cell Rep
miR-24 controls the regenerative competence of hair follicle progenitors by targeting Plk3. [Abstract]2021 Jun 8;35(10):109225. PMID: 34107258 -
J Med Chem
A Top-Down Design Approach for Generating a Peptide PROTAC Drug Targeting Androgen Receptor for Androgenetic Alopecia Therapy. [Abstract]2024 Jun 27;67(12):10336-10349. PMID: 38836467 -
Antioxidants (Basel)
Schizochytrium sp. Extracted Lipids Prevent Alopecia by Enhancing Antioxidation and Inhibiting Ferroptosis of Dermal Papilla Cells. [Abstract]2023 Jun 23;12(7):1332. PMID: 37507872 -
Drug Des Devel Ther
2023 Aug 24:17:2537-2547. PMID: 37645625 -
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Biomed Res Int
2022 Nov 18:2022:3139123. PMID: 36440360 -
Solvent & Solubility
Ethanol : 7.14 mg/mL (34.12 mM; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : 5 mg/mL (23.89 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 1 mg/mL (4.78 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 50°C)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 0.71 mg/mL (3.39 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.71 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (7.1 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 0.71 mg/mL (3.39 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.71 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (7.1 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 0.71 mg/mL (3.39 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.71 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (7.1 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (2.39 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (5.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (2.39 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (5.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 1.96 mg/mL (9.37 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C
Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline
Solubility: 5 mg/mL (23.89 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (280 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Hadjipavlou-Litina D, et al. Synthesis and evaluation of the antioxidative potential of minoxidil-polyamine conjugates. Biochimie. 2013 Jul;95(7):1437-49. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.03.009. Epub 2013 Mar 28. [Content Brief]
[2]. Davies GC, et al. Novel and established potassium channel openers stimulate hair growth in vitro: implications for their modes of action in hair follicles. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Apr;124(4):686-94. [Content Brief]
[3]. Cohen RL, et al. Direct effects of minoxidil on epidermal cells in culture. J Invest Dermatol. 1984 Jan;82(1):90-3. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / DMSO / Ethanol | 1 mM | 4.7790 mL | 23.8949 mL | 47.7897 mL | 119.4743 mL |
| DMSO / Ethanol | 5 mM | 0.9558 mL | 4.7790 mL | 9.5579 mL | 23.8949 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4779 mL | 2.3895 mL | 4.7790 mL | 11.9474 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.3186 mL | 1.5930 mL | 3.1860 mL | 7.9650 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2389 mL | 1.1947 mL | 2.3895 mL | 5.9737 mL | |
| Ethanol | 25 mM | 0.1912 mL | 0.9558 mL | 1.9116 mL | 4.7790 mL |
| 30 mM | 0.1593 mL | 0.7965 mL | 1.5930 mL | 3.9825 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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