2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. NO Synthase
  5. iNOS Isoform

iNOS

iNOS, also known as NOS-2, is a 131 kDa mammalian protein composed of 1,153 amino acids, which are assembled into two major domains, a C-terminal reductase—containing a flavin mononucleotide (FMN) binding subdomain—and a N-terminal oxygenase.iNOS adopts a zinc-bridged, homodimeric quaternary structure that allows the enzyme to convert L-Arg to L-citrulline with the concomitant production of NO. This transformation is governed by an elaborate electron transport chain, involving the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), flavin mononucleotide (FMN), heme, and (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B), which are essential for this reaction. This process is mediated by CaM, which binds in a hinge region between the oxygenase and reductase domains.

iNOS Related Products (140):

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity
  • HY-100573
    Necrosulfonamide
    		Inhibitor 99.47%
    Necrosulfonamide is a MLKL and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) inhibitor, capable of separately inhibiting necroptosis and pyroptosis of cells. Necrosulfonamide does not affect the activation of upstream signals, but specifically inhibits the downstream executor oligomerization step. Necrosulfonamide reduces the expression of the key kinases NLRP3 and caspase-1 involved in necroptosis and pyroptosis, activate the Nrf2 pathway and the downstream antioxidant enzymes, and also downregulates a variety of inflammatory factors. Necrosulfonamide plays significant roles in various diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases (such as Parkinson’s disease), tissue damage and ischemia-reperfusion injury, inflammatory bowel disease, osteoarthritis and fracture repair, and hair loss by regulating two important programmed necrosis pathways.
  • HY-P1956
    Human serum albumin
    		Inhibitor 99.9%
    Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in plasma and is a major determinant of plasma oncotic pressure. Human serum albumin exhibits antioxidant, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation activities as well as colloid osmotic action. Human serum albumin can block the inhibitory effect of GML on human T cells, providing protective function for T cells. Human serum albumin is also associated with cardiovascular diseases and can partially prevent the LPS (HY-D1056) induced oxidative stress, as well as the upregulation of NF-κB, NF-κB, and peroxynitrite (ONOO−) in the vascular wall, contributing to the reduction of blood pressure.
    This product is recombinant Human Serum Albumin expressed in a microbial expression system.
  • HY-18731
    1400W Dihydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    1400W dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride form of 1400W (HY-18730). 1400W is a slow, tight binding, and highly selective inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, with a Kd value ≤ 7 nM. 1400W inhibits iNOS induction in microglial cells, and reduces generation of NO, thereby mitigating oxidative stress and neuronal cell apoptosis in the rat cerebral cortex, and improving the spatial memory dysfunction caused by acute hypobaric hypoxia-reoxygenation.
  • HY-N1445
    Isoquercitrin
    		Inhibitor 99.64%
    Isoquercetin (Quercetin 3-glucoside) is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Isoquercetin alleviates ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses via the Nrf2/ARE antioxidant signaling pathway. Isoquercetin regulates the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NO2) via modulating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription regulation system. Isoquercetin has high bioavailability and low toxicity, is a promising candidate agent to prevent birth defects in diabetic pregnancies.
  • HY-146244
    Agatolimod
    		Activator 98.84%
    Agatolimod ((ODN 2006; PF-3512676; CpG 7909)) is a TLR9 agonist and immunomodulator with an EC50 of 180 nM against human TLR9. Agatolimod activates and upregulates the expression of both TLR9 and TLR6, and mediates downstream signaling pathways via IRAK4, IRF5, IRF7. Agatolimod induces Th1-type innate and adaptive immune responses, activates various immune cells and promotes antigen presentation, regulates antibody levels and immune cell infiltration, upregulates the secretion of multiple cytokines, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, enhances cytotoxicity, and clears intracellular Salmonella. Agatolimod is applicable to research on COVID-19, breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, HPV-related tumors, melanoma, and salmonellosis.
  • HY-183647
    iNOs-IN-9
    		Inhibitor
    iNOs-IN-9 (Compound 10) is a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor with an IC50 of 82 nM against hiNOS. iNOs-IN-9 reduces cytokine-induced inflammatory responses and cell necrosis in inflammatory cell models. iNOs-IN-9 can be used for research related to psoriasis.
  • HY-179646
    CIAC101
    		Inhibitor
    CIAC101 is a potent and brain-penetrant TLR4 antagonist with an IC50 of 17.0 nM in NO assay. CIAC101 blocks Lipopolysaccharides (HY-D1056) (LPS)-induced NF-κB activation and reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6). CIAC101 robust antineuroinflammatory activity with efficacy against drug-evoked neurobehavioral adaptations. CIAC101 can be used for the research of addiction and neurological disease.
  • HY-180291
    Anti-inflammatory agent 109
    		Inhibitor
    Anti-inflammatory agent 109 (Compound 2m) is an anti-inflammatory agent. Anti-inflammatory agent 109 directly interacts with p65, attenuates aberrant activation of the NF-κB pathway. Anti-inflammatory agent 109 significantly suppresses the release of key pro-inflammatory mediators, including IL-1β, COX-2, and iNOS. Anti-inflammatory agent 109 conferres robust protection against LPS-induced acute liver injury in septic mice.
  • HY-B2162
    Chondroitin sulfate
    		98.60%
    Chondroitin sulfate, one of five classes of glycosaminoglycans, has been widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Chondroitin sulfate reduces inflammation mediators and the apoptotic process and is able to reduce protein production of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and MMPs.
  • HY-N2302
    Fucoxanthin
    		Inhibitor 99.38%
    Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.
  • HY-18732A
    L-NMMA acetate
    		Inhibitor 99.0%
    L-NMMA (Tilarginine) acetate is a non-selective and competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. L-NMMA acetate inhibits three subtypes, namely nNOS, eNOS, and iNOS, and reduces NO production. L-NMMA acetate alleviates mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and choroidal fibrosis. L-NMMA acetate is applicable to research related to nociception, bone cancer pain, and myopia.
  • HY-N0904
    Ginsenoside C-K
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Ginsenoside C-K, a bacterial metabolite of G-Rb1, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by reducing iNOS and COX-2. Ginsenoside C-K exhibits an inhibition against the activity of CYP2C9 and CYP2A6 in human liver microsomes with IC50s of 32.0±3.6 μM and 63.6±4.2 μM, respectively.
  • HY-B2162A
    Chondroitin sulfate sodium (from shark cartilage)
    		99.52%
    Chondroitin sulfate sodium (from shark cartilage), one of five classes of glycosaminoglycans, has been widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Chondroitin sulfate reduces inflammation mediators and the apoptotic process and is able to reduce protein production of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and MMPs.
  • HY-12116
    L-NIL
    		Inhibitor 99.82%
    L-NIL is an inducible NO synthase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 3.3 μM for miNOS.
  • HY-N0569
    Madecassic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Madecassic acid is isolated from Centella asiatica (Umbelliferae). Madecassic acid has anti-inflammatory properties caused by iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 inhibition via the downregulation of NF-κB activation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
  • HY-N0006
    Demethoxycurcumin
    		98.70%
    Demethoxycurcumin is one of the main active ingredients of curcumin, which has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-cancer and neuroprotective effects. Demethoxycurcumin is orally active. Demethoxycurcumin can be used in inflammation, cancer and Alzheimer's disease research.
  • HY-79457
    S-Methylisothiourea sulfate
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    S-Methylisothiourea sulfate is a potent, selective and competitive inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). S-Methylisothiourea sulfate exerts beneficial effects in rodent models of septic shock.
  • HY-170621
    STAT1/3-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    STAT1/3-IN-1 is a potent STAT1/3 inhibitor with potent anti-inflammatory effect. STAT1/3-IN-1 inhibits phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT1/3 to modulate microglial inflammation, reduces LPS (HY-D1056)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and inflammatory mediators (iNOS, COX-2). STAT1/3-IN-1 exhibits low toxicity in mice. STAT1/3-IN-1 can be used for the research of neuroinflammation.
  • HY-N6966
    Ethyl Caffeate
    		Inhibitor 99.34%
    Ethyl Caffeate is a natural phenolic compound isolated from Bidens pilosa. Ethyl caffeate suppresses NF-κB activation and its downstream inflammatory mediators, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in vitro or in mouse skin.
  • HY-100986
    L-NIO dihydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.17%
    L-NIO dihydrochloride is a potent, non-selective and NADPH-dependent nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, with Kis of 1.7, 3.9, 3.9 μM for neuronal (nNOS), endothelial (eNOS), and inducible (iNOS), respectively. L-NIO dihydrochloride induces a consistentfocal ischemic infarctin rats.