Chondroitin sulfate
Based on 8 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Chondroitin sulfate, one of five classes of glycosaminoglycans, has been widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Chondroitin sulfate reduces inflammation mediators and the apoptotic process and is able to reduce protein production of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and MMPs.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.60%
- CAS No.: 9007-28-7
- Formula: (C14H21NO14S)n
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Chemical Information
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Chondroitin sulfate
More- Immunity. 2021 May 11;54(5):962-975.e8. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024 Mar;14(3):1241-1256. [Abstract]
- Mater Today Bio. 2025 Aug 11:34:102179. [Abstract]
- Biomater Res. 2025 Sep 3:29:0245. [Abstract]
- Food Biosci. 2025 Nov 29.
- J Thromb Haemost. 2021 Feb;19(2):470-477. [Abstract]
- Antibodies. 2026 Aug;15(4):52.
- FEBS Lett. 2020 Jan;594(1):94-103. [Abstract]
Customer Validation & Images
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IF
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IF
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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IF
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RT-PCR
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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iNOS |
Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Chondroitin sulfate is a class of sulfated glycosaminoglycans that are linear polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharide units composed of uronic acid and N-acetylhexosamine. Several pathogens including parasites, bacteria, and viruses have been shown to utilize cell surface chondroitin sulfate chains to attach to and infect host cells[1].
Chondroitin sulfate occurs naturally in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues, e.g., bone, cartilage, skin, ligaments and tendons. Chondroitin sulfate has been shown to elicit a range of beneficial effects: anti-inflammatory effects, an increase in type II collagen and proteoglycans, a reduction in bone resorption and a better anabolic/catabolic balance in chondrocytes[2].
A large range of chondroitin sulfate concentrations has been used (e.g. 12.5 to 2000 mg/mL, but generally less than200 mg/mL) in in vitro studies. Chondroitin sulfate (200 mg/mL) decreases the chondrocyte susceptibility to single nucleotide polymorphism-induced apoptosis[3].
Chondroitin sulfate reduces inflammation mediators and the apoptotic process and is able to reduce protein production of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS, MMPs[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chondroitin sulfate is mostly administered orally at doses ranging from 800 to 1200mg/day. Chondroitin sulfate is rapidly absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. The absorbed chondroitin sulfate reaches the blood compartment as 10% chondroitin sulfate and 90% depolymerized low-molecular-weight derivatives[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 9007-28-7
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Appearance Solid
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Formula (C14H21NO14S)n
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=S(O)=O.O=S(O)=O.OC([C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](NC(C)=O)[C@H](OC)O[C@H](CO[R])[C@@H]2O[R])O1)=O.[R].[R].[=].[=].[R2=].[R1=].[n].[or]
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Synonyms
Chondroitin polysulfate
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (8)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Immunity
Golgi apparatus-synthesized sulfated glycosaminoglycans mediate polymerization and activation of the cGAMP sensor STING. [Abstract]2021 May 11;54(5):962-975.e8. PMID: 33857420 -
Acta Pharm Sin B
Sulfation of chondroitin and bile acids converges to antagonize Wnt/ β-catenin signaling and inhibit APC deficiency-induced gut tumorigenesis. [Abstract]2024 Mar;14(3):1241-1256. PMID: 38487006
Chondroitin sulfate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024 Mar;14(3):1241-1256. [Abstract]
Representative appearance and Ki67 immunofluorescence of organoids isolated from the ileum of ApcDgut-Het and ApcDgut-HetPapss2Dgut mice and treatment with indicated doses of Chondroitin sulfate (CS, 500 and 1000 mg/mL). Shown on the right are the quantifications of organoid crypts and relative Ki67 signals.
Chondroitin sulfate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024 Mar;14(3):1241-1256. [Abstract]
Representative β-catenin immunofluorescence of organoids isolated from the ileum of ApcΔgut-HetPapss2Δgut and AOM-treated Papss2Δgut mice and treatment without or with Chondroitin sulfate. Shown on the right are the quantifications of relative β-catenin signals.
Chondroitin sulfate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024 Mar;14(3):1241-1256. [Abstract]
Chondroitin sulfate (CS; 400 mg/kg; daily; PO; 8 weeks) markedly attenuated Papss2 deficiency-induced gut tumorigenesis, as evidenced by the gross appearance of the intestine and colon tissues.
Chondroitin sulfate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024 Mar;14(3):1241-1256. [Abstract]
At the histological level, increased tumor morphology and Ki67 immunostaining observed in ApcΔgut-HetPapss2Δgut mice were attenuated upon the Chondroitin sulfate (CS; 400 mg/kg; daily; PO; 8 weeks) treatment.
Chondroitin sulfate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024 Mar;14(3):1241-1256. [Abstract]
Chondroitin sulfate (CS; 400 mg/kg; daily; PO; 8 weeks) decreased the mRNA expression of Wnt target genes and inflammatory marker genes. Relative ileal mRNA levels of Wnt target genes and pro-inflammatory genes.
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Mater Today Bio
Brinzolamide encapsulated β-cyclodextrin-chondroitin sulfate nanocomplexes anchored chitosan/polycaprolactone nanofibers as an ocular insert for glaucoma treatment. [Abstract]2025 Aug 11:34:102179. PMID: 40838214 -
Biomater Res
Albumin Nanocages with Methotrexate and Chondroitin Sulfate as a Dual pH/GSH-Responsive Tumor Targeting Nanomedicine for Synergistic Cancer Therapy. [Abstract]2025 Sep 3:29:0245. PMID: 40908968 -
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J Thromb Haemost
Skeletal muscle myosin and cardiac myosin attenuate heparin's antithrombin-dependent anticoagulant activity. [Abstract]2021 Feb;19(2):470-477. PMID: 33176060 -
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FEBS Lett
Thermodynamic profiles of the interactions of suramin, chondroitin sulfate, and pentosan polysulfate with the inhibitory domain of TIMP-3. [Abstract]2020 Jan;594(1):94-103. PMID: 31359422
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : ≥ 50 mg/mL
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 100 mg/mL; Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Protocol
Chondrocytes are cultured into six-well culture plates. 12 hours after plating, the culture medium is replaced with 2.0 mL of fresh medium containing LPS at a concentration of 50 mg/mL. 4 hours later, HA, Chondroitin sulfate, HS, keratan sulphate and DS are added separately to each of the wells at concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL. The number of viable chondrocytes is then quantified by trypan blue dye exclusion test from several randomly chosen areas of each well[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (281 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Mikami T, et al. Biosynthesis and function of chondroitin sulfate. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Oct;1830(10):4719-33. [Content Brief]
[2]. Monfort J, et al. Biochemical basis of the effect of chondroitin sulphate on osteoarthritis articular tissues. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008 Jun;67(6):735-40. [Content Brief]
[3]. Martel-Pelletier J, et al.Discrepancies in composition and biological effects of different formulations of chondroitin sulfate. Molecules. 2015 Mar 6;20(3):4277-89. [Content Brief]
[4]. Campo GM, et al. Glycosaminoglycans modulate inflammation and apoptosis in LPS-treated chondrocytes. J Cell Biochem. 2009 Jan 1;106(1):83-92. [Content Brief]
[5]. Henrotin Y, et al. Chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of osteoarthritis: from in vitro studies to clinicalrecommendations. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2010 Dec;2(6):335-48. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Chondroitin sulfate Related Classifications
HY-B2162 Related Classifications
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