Cat. No.: HY-N0904

Ginsenoside C-K

(Synonyms: Ginsenoside compound K; Ginsenoside K)

5 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 5 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Ginsenoside C-K, a bacterial metabolite of G-Rb1, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by reducing iNOS and COX-2. Ginsenoside C-K exhibits an inhibition against the activity of CYP2C9 and CYP2A6 in human liver microsomes with IC₅₀s of 32.0±3.6 μM and 63.6±4.2 μM, respectively.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.93%
CAS No.: 39262-14-1
Formula: C₃₆H₆₂O₈
Molecular Weight:622.87

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

Ginsenoside C-K Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 39262-14-1

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (5)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]^[4]

COX-2

iNOS

CYP2C9

32 μM (IC₅₀)

CYP2A6

63.6 μM (IC₅₀)

All COX Isoforms :

All NO Synthase Isoforms :

All Cytochrome P450 Isoforms :

In Vitro

Ginsenoside C-K, a bacterial metabolite of G-Rb1, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects mainly by reducing inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and proinflammatory cytokines. Ginsenoside C-K suppresses the expression of proinflammatory cytokines by downregulating the activities of IRAK-1, MAPKs, IKK-α, and NF-κB in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages. Ginsenoside C-K also suppresses the expression of iNOS and COX-2 by inhibiting NF-κB signaling in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In zymosan-treated bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and RAW264.7 cells, Ginsenoside C-K inhibits inflammatory responses by negatively regulating the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, the activation of MAPKs, and the generation of ROS. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity of Ginsenoside C-K has been observed in LPS-stimulated microglial cells. Ginsenoside C-K hinders inflammatory responses by controlling both the generation of ROS and the activities of MAPKs, NF-κB, and AP-1^[1]. Ginsenoside C-K, a major metabolite of ginsenosides in the gastrointestinal tract, inhibits NF-κB signaling in a PXR-dependent manner. Ginsenoside C-K is shown to promote recovery of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) -induced colitis by suppressing NF-κB activation. Ginsenoside C-K significantly reduces TNF-α-induced upregulation of IL-1β and iNOS mRNA levels, and restores the mRNA levels of PXR and CYP3A4 in LS174T cells^[2]. Ginsenoside C-K, one of the intestinal metabolites of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol derivatives, exhibits an inhibition against the activity of CYP2C9 in human liver microsomes with an IC₅₀ value of 32.0±3.6 μM, a weak inhibition against the activity of CYP2A6 in human liver microsomes with an IC₅₀ value of 63.6±4.2 μM, and an even weaker inhibition against the activity of CYP2D6 in human liver microsomes with an IC₅₀ value of more than 100 μM^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

The weight of the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice increases slowly and is significantly less than that of the normal DBA/1 mice beginning on d 3 after injection of the emulsion. Ginsenoside C-K (28, 56, and 112 mg/kg) mice recover their weight by d 32 after the emulsion injection. Ginsenoside C-K (56 and 112 mg/kg) and Methotrexate (MTX)-treated (2 mg/kg) mice show significantly increased body weight on d 50 as compared with CIA mice. Hind paw-swelling began on d 24 post-immunization. CIA mice are treated from d 28 to d 50. Arthritis scores are measured every 4 d beginning on d 24. Ginsenoside C-K (56 and 112 mg/kg) significantly reduces the arthritis scores of the mice on d 51^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 39262-14-1
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 622.87
Formula C₃₆H₆₂O₈
Color White to off-white
SMILES

C[C@@]([C@@]12C)(CC[C@@]3([H])C4(C)C)[C@@](C[C@@H](O)[C@]1([H])[C@]([C@@](CC/C=C(C)/C)(C)O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]5O)O)O[C@@H]5CO)([H])CC2)([H])[C@]3(CC[C@@H]4O)C
Synonyms

Ginsenoside compound K; Ginsenoside K
Structure Classification
- Terpenoids
- Triterpenes
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Publications (5)

All WBRT-PCR

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Journal Impact Factor

Phytother Res

Ginsenoside CK cooperates with bone mesenchymal stem cells to enhance angiogenesis post-stroke via GLUT1 and HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. [Abstract]

2024 Aug;38(8):4321-4335. PMID: 38990183
J Agric Food Chem

Ginsenoside Compound K Ameliorates Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting the Chondrocyte Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated IRE1α-TXNIP-NLRP3 Axis and Pyroptosis. [Abstract]

2023 Jan 25;71(3):1499-1509. PMID: 36630614

Ginsenoside C-K purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Agric Food Chem. 2023 Jan 25;71(3):1499-1509. [Abstract]

Ginsenoside C-K (CK; 0.3, 3, 30 nM; 1 h) significantly suppresses GSDMD and caspase-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner, in chondrocytes.

Ginsenoside C-K purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Agric Food Chem. 2023 Jan 25;71(3):1499-1509. [Abstract]

Ginsenoside C-K (CK; 0.3, 3, 30 nM) significantly suppresses expression of Nlrp3, Gsdmd, IL18, and Txnip mRNA levels (fig C-D), as well as promotes the mRNA expression of Col2a1(fig E), in a dose-dependent manner in chondrocytes.
J Agric Food Chem

Chemoproteomic Profiling of Cobalamin-Independent Methionine Synthases in Plants with a Covalent Probe. [Abstract]

2020 Jul 29;68(30):8050-8056. PMID: 32618189
Food Funct

Ginsenoside CK induces apoptosis of human cervical cancer HeLa cells by regulating autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress. [Abstract]

2021 Jun 21;12(12):5301-5316. PMID: 34013944
N Biotechnol

Cultivation optimization promotes ginsenoside and universal triterpenoid production by engineered yeast. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 22:S1871-6784(24)00538-7. PMID: 39181198

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (160.55 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

1.6055 mL

8.0274 mL

16.0547 mL

5 mM

0.3211 mL

1.6055 mL

3.2109 mL

10 mM

0.1605 mL

0.8027 mL

1.6055 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (4.42 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (27.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (4.42 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (27.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (4.42 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (27.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Cell Assay^[2]

LS174T cells are seeded in cell imaging dish. After overnight incubation, cells are treated with ginseng saponin extract (GSE) (100 μg/mL), Rb1 (10 μM), or Ginsenoside C-K (10 μM) for 3 hours, followed by an additional incubation with or without TNF-α (20 ng/mL) for 6 hours. At the end of the incubation, cells are harvested and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde solution at 20°C for 20 minutes. After washing in PBS, cells are permeabilized with 0.2% Triton X-100 in PBS at room temperature for 5 minutes. After incubation in blocking buffer containing 0.1% Triton X-100 and 5% bovine serum albumin, cells are incubated with rabbit NF-κB p65 antibody at 4°C overnight and then with Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG antibody at room temperature for 30 minutes in 1% bovine serum albumin in PBS. Fluorescence photographs are obtained using a Zeiss 710 confocal microscope^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration^[3]

Mice^[3]
Specific pathogen-free DBA/1 mice (male, 18±2 g) are used. DBA/1 mice are injected intradermally twice with 0.1 mL of this emulsion (containing 100 mg of chicken type II collagen (CII)/mouse) in the back and the base of the tail. The day of the first immunization is defined as d 0, and the booster injection is administered into the back on d 21. After the onset of arthritis, animals are randomly divided into five groups, and each experimental group consists of ten mice. Mice with CIA are intragastrically administered Ginsenoside C-K (28, 56, or 112 mg/kg) once per day or MTX (2 mg/kg) once every 3 d from d 28 to d 51 after immunization. Normal and CIA mice are administered an equal volume of vehicle (CMC-Na) at the same time^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (286 KB)
SDS (392 KB)
- English - EN (392 KB)
- Français - FR (392 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (392 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (392 KB)
- Español - ES (392 KB)
- Swedish - SV (392 KB)
- Italian - IT (392 KB)
- Korean - KR (392 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (392 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Kim JH, et al. Role of ginsenosides, the main active components of Panax ginseng, in inflammatory responsesand diseases. J Ginseng Res. 2017 Oct;41(4):435-443. [Content Brief]

[2]. Liu Y, et al. Ginsenoside metabolites, rather than naturally occurring ginsenosides, lead to inhibition of human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jun;91(2):356-64. [Content Brief]

[3]. Zhang J, et al. Ginsenosides Regulate PXR/NF-κB Signaling and Attenuate Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis. Drug Metab Dispos. 2015 Aug;43(8):1181-9. [Content Brief]

[4]. Liu KK, et al. Ginsenoside compound K suppresses the abnormal activation of T lymphocytes in mice with collagen-induced arthritis. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2014 May;35(5):599-612. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	1.6055 mL	8.0274 mL	16.0547 mL	40.1368 mL
	5 mM	0.3211 mL	1.6055 mL	3.2109 mL	8.0274 mL
	10 mM	0.1605 mL	0.8027 mL	1.6055 mL	4.0137 mL
	15 mM	0.1070 mL	0.5352 mL	1.0703 mL	2.6758 mL
	20 mM	0.0803 mL	0.4014 mL	0.8027 mL	2.0068 mL
	25 mM	0.0642 mL	0.3211 mL	0.6422 mL	1.6055 mL
	30 mM	0.0535 mL	0.2676 mL	0.5352 mL	1.3379 mL
	40 mM	0.0401 mL	0.2007 mL	0.4014 mL	1.0034 mL
	50 mM	0.0321 mL	0.1605 mL	0.3211 mL	0.8027 mL
	60 mM	0.0268 mL	0.1338 mL	0.2676 mL	0.6689 mL
	80 mM	0.0201 mL	0.1003 mL	0.2007 mL	0.5017 mL
	100 mM	0.0161 mL	0.0803 mL	0.1605 mL	0.4014 mL

Keywords

Ginsenoside C-K

5 Cited Publications

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Ginsenoside C-K

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Ginsenoside C-K

All COX Isoforms

All NO Synthase Isoforms

All Cytochrome P450 Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (5)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Ginsenoside C-K Related Classifications

HY-N0904 Related Classifications