2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

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Mitochondria use multiple carbon fuels to produce ATP and metabolites, including pyruvate, which is generated from glycolysis; amino acids such as glutamine; and fatty acids. These carbon fuels feed into the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix to generate the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2, which deliver their electrons to the electron transport chain. Mitochondria are complex organelles that play an important role in many facets of cellular function, from metabolism to immune regulation and cell death. Mitochondria are actively involved in a wide variety of cellular processes and molecular interactions, such as calcium buffering, lipid flux, and intracellular signaling. It is increasingly recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of many diseases such as obesity/diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key determinant of tumor progression by impacting on functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mitochondrial metabolism and derived oncometabolites shape the epigenetic landscape to alter aggressiveness features of cancer cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism are relevant for the survival of tumors in response to therapy.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-12406
    VLX600
    		Inhibitor 99.80%
    VLX600 is an iron-chelating inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). VLX600 causes mitochondrial dysfunction and induces a strong shift to glycolysis. VLX600 displays selective cytotoxic activity against malignant cell and induces autophagy. Anticancer activity.
    VLX600
  • HY-B0263
    Thiabendazole
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Thiabendazole is an orally available benzimidazole fungicide with repellent and anticancer activities. Thiabendazole can result in developmental malformations. Thiabendazole can be used for modeling.
    Thiabendazole
  • HY-W012499
    N-Acetyl-L-methionine
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    N-Acetyl-L-methionine is a dietary supplementation. N-Acetyl-L-methionine increases caspase-3 activity and inhibits mitochondrial activity. N-Acetyl-L-methionine promotes lactation and improves meat quality.
    N-Acetyl-L-methionine
  • HY-W011978
    N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan
    		Inhibitor 99.82%
    N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan is an antagonist of the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R), disrupting the binding of substance P (SP) to NK-1R. This action provides neuroprotective effects, improving memory deficits and motor impairments. N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan is also an inhibitor of cytochrome c (Cytochrome c), and it exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the expression of IL-1β and the activation of caspase-1. N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan holds promise for research in neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases.
    N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan
  • HY-112177
    Myxothiazol
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Myxothiazol, an antifungal antibiotic, is a mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III (bc1 complex) inhibitor. Myxothiazol inhibits the growth of many yeasts and fungi at concentrations between 0.01 and 3 μg/ml.
    Myxothiazol
  • HY-139109
    IR-783
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    IR-783 (ADS 780WS) is a heptamethine cyanine dye. IR-783 induces Mitochondrial membrane potential loss, ATP depletion, mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, Cytochrome c release and Apoptosis in breast cancer cells. IR-783 promotes the translocation of Drp1 from the cytosol to mitochondria. IR-783 increases the expression of mitochondrial fission proteins such as MFF and Fission-1. IR-783 possesses imaging, cancer-targeting and anticancer properties. IR-783 exerts anticancer effects against breast cancer. IR-783 can be used in breast cancer-related research.
    IR-783
  • HY-W011725
    N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine
    		Inhibitor 99.83%
    N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine (m6dA) is an adenine nucleoside analogue. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine targets nuclear processes and DNA replication machineries including WER, SATB1, TFAM, Jumu, SSBP1, DNA polymerase η and phage polymerase Gp90 exo−. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine acts as a multifunctional epigenetic regulator that modulates transcription, DNA damage response, cell cycle, transposon silencing, stress adaptation, epigenetic crosstalk, and nucleosome organization in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine regulates mitochondrial epigenetic inheritance and is required for fear extinction memory in mice. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine exhibits dysregulated levels in cancers. N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine can be used for the research of glioblastoma, triple negative breast cancer, and conditioned fear (fear extinction impairment).
    N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine
  • HY-122912
    ALDH1A inhibitor 673A
    		Inhibitor 99.15%
    ALDH1A inhibitor 673A is an ALDH1A inhibitor with IC50s of 246 nM (ALDH1A1), 230 nM (ALDH1A2), 348 nM (ALDH1A3), respectively. ALDH1A inhibitor 673A has little or no inhibitory effect on other ALDH family members. ALDH1A inhibitor 673A induces necroptotic ovarian cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) death. ALDH1A inhibitor 673A induces DNA double stand breaks in cancer cells. ALDH1A inhibitor 673A can be used for the study of ovarian cancer.
    ALDH1A inhibitor 673A
  • HY-100438
    Hydronidone
    		Inhibitor 99.71%
    Hydronidone is an orally active pyridine derivative. Hydronidone is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) and cyclo-oxygenase (COX) as well as TGF-β. Hydronidone induces mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers apoptosis. Hydronidone can be used for liver fibrosis, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer study.
    Hydronidone
  • HY-136093A
    Lixumistat acetate
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    Lixumistat (IM156) acetate is a potent and orally active AMPK activator and OXPHOS inhibitor. Lixumistat acetate strongly activates AMPK, while it lacks the systemic metabolic regulatory effects of classic metformin, such as hypoglycemic and weight-lowering activities. Lixumistat acetate exhibits significant therapeutic effects on cognitive decline associated with brain aging and pulmonary fibrosis.
    Lixumistat acetate
  • HY-108022
    Azemiglitazone
    		Inhibitor
    Azemiglitazone (MSDC-0602) is an orally active thiazolidinedione (TZD) -like molecule, which binds to PPARγ with low binding and activating affinity. Azemiglitazone inhibits mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC), which inhibits Alzheimer’s disease and diminishes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) caused liver injury.
    Azemiglitazone
  • HY-119976
    Boscalid
    		Inhibitor 99.80%
    Boscalid is a succinate dehydrogenase (SDHI) inhibitor with antifungal activity. Boscalid binds to the ubiquinone-binding site of fungal mitochondrial complex II, blocks ATP production and aerobic respiration, exhibits good control efficacy against a variety of plant fungal diseases including gray mold, sclerotinia rot and powdery mildew, and is widely used for disease control in agriculture. Boscalid induces apoptosis, altered lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, respiratory impairment, oxidative stress, ROS accumulation and neurodevelopmental disorders in zebrafish. Boscalid reduces foraging ability, shortens median death time and causes chronic toxicity in exposed honeybees. Boscalid also possesses genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, elevated mitochondrial superoxide levels and early-stage apoptosis.
    Boscalid
  • HY-B1756R
    Rotenone (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Rotenone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rotenone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rotenone is a mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I inhibitor. Rotenone induces apoptosis through enhancing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production.
    Rotenone (Standard)
  • HY-Y1819
    2-Acetonaphthone
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    2-Acetonaphthone is a synthetic fragrance material. 2-Acetonaphthone increases ROS under UVA/sunlight, leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. 2-Acetonaphthone can be used as an adulterant in a variety of cosmetics. 2-Acetonaphthone can be used for the study of skin keratinization
    2-Acetonaphthone
  • HY-135869
    Mito-apocynin (C11)
    		Inhibitor 99.84%
    Mito-apocynin (C11), an orally active mitochondria-targeted triphenylphosphonium (TPP)-based compound, is synthesized by conjugating the Apocynin moiety with a TPP+ cation. Mito-apocynin (C11) selectively targets mitochondria, and shows neuroprotective effect. Mito-apocynin (C11) prevents hyposmia and corrects deficits in motor function.
    Mito-apocynin (C11)
  • HY-W017982
    CMIT/MIT (14.5% in water)
    		Inhibitor
    CMIT/MIT is a CMIT and MIT mixture. CMIT and MIT are powerful synthetic biocidal substances. CMIT and MIT are used as preservatives in various cosmetics and industrial products. CMIT and MIT are present in many water-soluble consumer products, such as shampoos, toothpastes. CMIT/MIT (3:1 mixture of CMIT and MIT) produces mitochondrial ROS via inhibiting mitochondrial complex I and II. CMIT/MIT (in 3:1 ratio) induces neurotoxicity through the upregulation of the MAPKs signaling pathways. CMIT/MIT can be used in the research of respiratory diseases and neuroblastoma.
    CMIT/MIT (14.5% in water)
  • HY-113410
    3-Methylglutaric acid
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of mitochondrial function and Na+, K+-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na+, K+-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration.
    3-Methylglutaric acid
  • HY-126222A
    MitoTam iodide, hydriodide
    		Inhibitor 98.83%
    MitoTam iodide, hydriodide is a Tamoxifen derivative, an electron transport chain (ETC) inhibitor, spreduces mitochondrial membrane potential in senescent cells and affects mitochondrial morphology. MitoTam iodide, hydriodide is an effective anticancer agent, suppresses respiratory complexes (CI-respiration) and disrupts respiratory supercomplexes (SCs) formation in breast cancer cells. MitoTam iodide, hydriodide causes apoptosis.
    MitoTam iodide, hydriodide
  • HY-17516
    Tolfenpyrad
    		Inhibitor 98.64%
    Tolfenpyrad is an insecticide approved for marketing in Japan in 2002.
    Tolfenpyrad
  • HY-W012572
    D-Histidine
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    D-Histidine is an anti-biofilm agent that targets bacterial quorum sensing systems (such as RhlI/RhlR pathway) and has antibacterial activity. D-Histidine works by non-covalently binding to bacterial regulatory factors or copper ion complexes, selectively inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and motility. D-Histidine downregulates quorum sensing-related gene expression, reduces the synthesis of virulence factors (such as alginate and proteases), and interferes with bacterial membrane stability, inhibiting biofilm formation, promoting the disintegration of mature biofilms, and enhancing antibiotic sensitivity. D-Histidine is also an efficient catalyst for the salt-induced peptide formation (SIPF) reaction, which promotes the condensation of amino acids to form dipeptides (such as dialanine and dilysine) by forming a complex with copper ions (Cu2+).
    D-Histidine
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity