2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. 상품명 효과 Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N17846
    Dimethyl lithospermate
    		Inhibitor
    Dimethyl lithospermate is an antioxidant. Dimethyl lithospermate scavenges DPPH free radicals and inhibits free radical generation. Dimethyl lithospermate also protects hepatocytes from tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative damage. Dimethyl lithospermate can be used in oxidative damage-related research.
    Dimethyl lithospermate
  • HY-B0215S1
    Acetylcysteine-15N
    		Inhibitor
    Acetylcysteine-15N (N-Acetylcysteine-15N) is the 15N-labeled Acetylcysteine. Acetylcysteine (N-Acetylcysteine) is a mucolytic agent which reduces the thickness of the mucus. Acetylcysteine is a ROS inhibitor. Acetylcysteine is a cysteine precursor, prevents hemin-induced ferroptosis by neutralizing toxic lipids generated by arachidonate-dependent activity of 5-lipoxygenases. Acetylcysteine induces cell apoptosis. Acetylcysteine also has anti-influenza virus activities. In addition, Acetylcysteine is the most stable form of cysteine during drug delivery and can be used in disulfidptosis studies.
    Acetylcysteine-<sup>15</sup>N
  • HY-N9799
    Pholidotol C
    		Inhibitor
    Pholidotol C is a stilbene compound with nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory activity and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50 values ??of 28.6 μM and 21.9 μM, respectively). Pholidotol C exerts its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities through mechanisms involving the inhibition of NO production in activated macrophages and free radical scavenging, and can be used in research on inflammation-related diseases. Pholidotol C can be extracted from the dried whole plant of Pholidota chinensis (an orchid of the genus Pholidota).
    Pholidotol C
  • HY-161647
    Antitumor agent-156
    		Inducer
    Antitumor agent-156 (Compound 20) causes DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, promotes reactive oxygen species generation, activates endoplasmic reticulum stress, and induce apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis. Antitumor agent-156 shows superior antitumor activity against cancer cells including Cisplatin (HY-17394) resistance cells. Antitumor agent-156 displayS good liver-targeting ability.
    Antitumor agent-156
  • HY-179386
    PARP1/EZH2-IN-1
    		Activator
    PARP1/EZH2-IN-1 is a selective PARP1 and EZH2 dual inhibitor. PARP1/EZH2-IN-1 has IC50s of 28 nM, 414 nM and 74 nM for PARP1, PARP2 and EZH2, respectively. PARP1/EZH2-IN-1 inhibits the proliferation and migration of TNBC cells (triple-negative breast Cancer cells). PARP1/EZH2-IN-1 induces PANoptosis (Apoptosis, Pyroptosis and Necroptosis), increases the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activates related inflammatory pathways. PARP1/EZH2-IN-1 can be used in triple-negative breast cancer research.
    PARP1/EZH2-IN-1
  • HY-181483
    CDK6-IN-2
    		Inducer
    CDK6-IN-2 is a CDK6 covalent inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.013 μM. CDK6-IN-2 inhibits the proliferation and migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells, and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. CDK6-IN-2 induces ROS accumulation and mitochondrial damage through cellular metabolic reprogramming. CDK6-IN-2 exhibits anti-tumor activity and can be used for the research of triple-negative breast cancer.
    CDK6-IN-2
  • HY-163470
    Luciferase activator-1
    		Activator
    Luciferase activator-1 (Compound D2) is an activator for luciferase, which increases the luciferase activity up 1.04 fold (at the concentration of 50 nM).
    Luciferase activator-1
  • HY-175640
    Troponin-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    Troponin-IN-1 is a troponin inhibitor. Troponin-IN-1 protects OGD/R-injured H9c2 cardiomyocytes by reducing LDH leakage, pyroptosis and ROS accumulation. Troponin-IN-1 inhibits NO production and IL-1β/TNF-α/IL-18 release in LPS (HY-D1056)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Troponin-IN-1 acts via caspase-1/GSDMD/IL-18 pathway. Troponin-IN-1 reduces myocardial infarct size in LAD-induced myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) male rats. Troponin-IN-1 can be used for the study of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury.
    Troponin-IN-1
  • HY-W745979
    Sulcotrione-d7
    Sulcotrione-d7 is the deuterium labeled Sulcotrione (HY-107368). Sulcotrione is a β-triketone herbicide which can inhibit hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD).
    Sulcotrione-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-176923
    1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene
    		Activator
    1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene is a plant regulator. prevents the invasion of pathogens by inducing stomatal closure. 1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene significantly increases the levels of ROS and NO in guard cells. 1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene has shown significant control effects on grape downy mildew, cucumber downy mildew, and wheat leaf rust.
    1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene
  • HY-122006
    NPD926
    		Activator
    NPD926 is a small molecule that targets glutathione and induces cancer cell death. NPD926 causes cellular glutathione depletion and subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby sensitizing fibroblasts to Xc- system inhibitors. NPD926 is a ROS inducer with anticancer activity..
    NPD926
  • HY-W758421
    Diquat-d8(dibromide)
    Diquat-d8 dibromide is a deuterium labeled Diquat dibromide (HY-122984). Diquat dibromide is a comprehensive herbicide. Diquat dibromide increases the production of ROS and triggers mitochondrial Autophagy. Diquat dibromide generates free radicals such as superoxide anions through redox cycles, which induce oxidative stress. Diquat dibromide is cytotoxic, reproductive, and neurotoxic. Diquat dibromide is used in cotton, soybean, and other crops to combat noxious weeds.
    Diquat-d<sub>8</sub>(dibromide)
  • HY-N16465
    Cinnamtannin D1
    		Inhibitor
    Cinnamtannin D1 is an orally active polyphenolic compound with immunosuppressive activity. Cinnamtannin D1 regulates the balance of Th17/Treg cells by inhibiting AHR expression. Cinnamtannin D1 reduces apoptosis and ROS in INS-1 cells and primary cultured murine islets induced by Palmitic acid (PA) (HY-N0830). Cinnamtannin D1 reduces Th17 cell differentiation via downregulating p-STAT3/RORγt and promotes Treg cell differentiation via upregulating p-STAT5/Foxp3. Cinnamtannin D1 exerts excellent anti-arthritic efficacy in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model of mice. Cinnamtannin D1 can be used for the study of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
    Cinnamtannin D1
  • HY-B0691
    Ecabet
    		Inhibitor
    Ecabet sodium (TA-2711) is currently applied to some clinical gastrointestinal disease by inhibiting the ROS production and improving Helicobacter pylori eradication. Ecabet sodium reduces apoptosis
    Ecabet
  • HY-N0701R
    (-)-Asarinin (Standard)
    		Activator
    (-)-Asarinin (Standard) is the analytical standard of (-)-Asarinin (HY-N0701). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (-)-Asarinin is a tetrahydrofurofurano lignan with various biological activities. (-)-Asarinin induces apoptosis in cancer cells. (-)-Asarinin promotes mitochondrial ROS accumulation, inhibits the STAT3 signaling pathway and induces apoptosis in precancerous cells. (-)-Asarinin is a Src family kinase inhibitor that suppresses mast cell activation. (-)-Asarinin is a non-competitive Δ5-desaturase inhibitor with a Ki of 0.28 mM. (-)-Asarinin possesses pain relief, anti-viral, anti-allergic and anti-tuberculous bacilli, and anti-tumor effects.
    (-)-Asarinin (Standard)
  • HY-183283
    CAII-IN-15
    		Inhibitor
    CAII-IN-15 is a potent carbonic anhydrase II (CA II) inhibitor with a hCA II IC50 of 10 nM. CAII-IN-15 elevates cGMP levels, releases nitric oxide, reduces oxidative stress, and exhibits neuroprotective activity in vitro. CAII-IN-15 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reduces neuronal apoptosis. CAII-IN-15 reduces Intraocular pressure (IOP) in rabbits. CAII-IN-15 can be used for the research of glaucoma.
    CAII-IN-15
  • HY-159966
    Top/HDAC-IN-3
    Top/HDAC-IN-3 (Compound 31) is an orally active dual inhibitor of Topoisomerase and HDAC. Top/HDAC-IN-3 increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to DNA damage, thereby inhibiting cancer cell colony formation and migration, inducing cancer cell Apoptosis, and causing cell cycle arrest. In the NSCLC model, Top/HDAC-IN-3 exhibited significant antitumor effects, with a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of 77.5% at 100 mg/kg, surpassing the efficacy of the HDAC inhibitor SAHA (HY-10221) and the combination of SAHA (HY-10221) with the topoisomerase inhibitor Irinotecan (HY-16562).
    Top/HDAC-IN-3
  • HY-W749844
    Homoeriodictyol chalcone
    		Substrate
    Homoeriodictyol chalcone (2',4,4',6'-Tetrahydroxy-3-methoxychalcone; 3-Methoxy-2',4',6',4-tetrahydroxychalcone) is a non-selective antioxidant radical scavenger that neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS). Homoeriodictyol chalcone is promising for research of neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer’s), inflammatory disorders, and cancers.
    Homoeriodictyol chalcone
  • HY-183280
    17β-HSD10/CDK5-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    17β-HSD10/CDK5-IN-1 is a poent dual 17β-HSD10 and CDK5 inhibitor with IC50s of 2.44 and 0.26 μM for 17β-HSD10 and CDK5, respectively. 17β-HSD10/CDK5-IN-1 reduces ROS accumulation, attenuates pathological Tau phosphorylation, reduces Aβ plaque deposition, and ameliorates cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's mice. 17β-HSD10/CDK5-IN-1 can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease.
    17β-HSD10/CDK5-IN-1
  • HY-168011
    GPX4-IN-14
    		Activator
    GPX4-IN-14 (compound 2c) is an inhibitor of GPX4, with free radical scavenging activity (maximum scavenging rate is 72.52%) and anti-tumor proliferation activity in vitro. GPX4-IN-14 inhibits GPX4 protein, increases lipid peroxide levels and intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels, thereby inducing ferroptosis and exerting anti-tumor proliferation effects.
    GPX4-IN-14
Cat. No. 상품명 / Synonyms Application Reactivity