Adrenocorticotropic hormone  (Synonyms: ACTH; Adrenocorticotrophic hormone)

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; Adrenocorticotrophic hormone) is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulates cortisol secretion from the adrenal cortex via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Adrenocorticotropic hormone regulates cortisol and androgen production. Adrenocorticotropic hormone can promote the development of spermatogenesis. Adrenocorticotropic hormone can relieve acute inflammation in gout models by inhibiting the polarization of macrophages to M1 type, inhibiting ROS and proinflammatory factor production and protecting mitochondrial function. Adrenocorticotropic hormone can be used for the researches of inflammation, endocrinology, metabolic disease, such as gout and nephrotic syndrome^[1][2][3][4].

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (100 nM, 5weeks) induces clusters development of spermatogenesis isolated from mouse seminiferous tubules and significantly increases the proportion of pre-meiotic cells (CDH-1, VASA, MC2R-positive) and the expression of PLZF, VASA, MC2R, THY-1 genes^[2].
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (100 nM, 5weeks) significantly increases the proportion and gene expression of meiotic marker BOULE-positive cells in cells isolated from mouse seminiferous tubules and has no significant effect on the proportion of meiotic marker CREM-positive cells, increases the proportion of post-meiotic marker ACROSIN-positive cells but decreases its gene expression, and has no effect on the expression of SCP3 and PROTAMINE^[2].
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (1.25×10^-4-2.5×10^-4 U/ml, 48 h) inhibits phagocytic function in MSU-stimulated THP-1-induced macrophages, promotes the polarization of MSU-stimulated macrophages to M2 type, downregulates the secretion of M1-type proinflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, inhibit ROS production and reduces the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTP) to protect mitochondrial function^[3].
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (1.25×10^-4 U/ml, 48 h) regulates the transcription of inflammation-related genes by upregulating genes such as NR1H2, IL-37, and FccRIIIA, and downregulating genes such as NLRP3, MC2R, and MC3R in THP-1-induced macrophages^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (0.25-2.5 U/mL, s.c., 30 minutes after MSU intra-articular injection) significantly alleviates joint swelling, reduces inflammatory cell infiltration in joint tissues, and has no significant effect on serum cortisol levels in gout mice models^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

4541.14

C₂₀₇H₃₀₈N₅₆O₅₈S

9002-60-2

Solid

White to off-white

Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-Gly-Lys-Lys-Arg-Arg-Pro-Val-Lys-Val-Tyr-Pro-Asn-Gly-Ala-Glu-Asp-Glu-Ser-Ala-Glu-Ala-Phe-Pro-Leu-Glu-Phe

SYSMEHFRWGKPVGKKRRPVKVYPNGAEDESAEAFPLEF

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

• [1]. Yamamoto R, et al.. Physiology, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH). 2025 Dec 1. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan–.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. AbuMadighem A, et al. Adrenocorticotropic hormone and its receptor as a novel testicular system involves in the development of spermatogenesis. Life Sci. 2025 May 1;368:123480.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Xu R, et al. Natural Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) Relieves Acute Inflammation in Gout Patients by Changing the Function of Macrophages. J Healthc Eng. 2022 Mar 22;2022:9241835.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Bomback AS, et al. Treatment of nephrotic syndrome with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Discov Med. 2011 Aug;12(63):91-6.  [Content Brief]