Endogenous Metabolite

Related Products

Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health^[1]^[2]^[3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets^[1]^[2]^[3].

References:

[1]. Seyedsayamdost MR. Toward a global picture of bacterial secondary metabolism. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Mar;46(3-4):301-311.

[2]. Ruiz B, et al. Production of microbial secondary metabolites: regulation by the carbon source. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2010 May;36(2):146-67.

[3]. Wishart DS. Metabolomics for Investigating Physiological and Pathophysiological Processes. Physiol Rev. 2019 Oct 1;99(4):1819-1875.

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8492)
Antibodies (477)
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

By Effects:	Inhibitors (66) Agonists (3) Controls (2) Antagonist (1) Activators (7) Modulators (9) Chemicals (14) Inducers (6)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-W010708

Cholesteryl palmitate		98.0%
Cholesteryl palmitate is the main cholesterol ester found in human blephariol and has been used to form a stable tear film to study amphiphilic block copolymers as surfactants for dry eye syndrome. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a predictor of fetal lung maturity. Cholesteryl palmitate can be used as a prognostic biomarker for chronic interstitial pneumonia.

HY-113517

Normetanephrine
Normetanephrine is an endogenous metabolite present in Cerebrospinal_Fluid that can be used for the research of Hypertension.

HY-122280

Aerobactin
Aerobactin is a siderophore produced by bacteria. Aerobactin is a highly potent pathogenic factor.

HY-B2167R

Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard)
Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Docosahexaenoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid abundantly present brain and retina. It can be obtained directly from fish oil and maternal milk. In Vitro: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for the growth and functional development of the brain in infants. DHA is also required for maintenance of normal brain function in adults. The inclusion of plentiful DHA in the diet improves learning ability and memory. DHA is an essential requirement in every step of brain development like neural cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis. The multiple double bonds and unique structure allow DHA to impart special membrane characteristics for effective cell signaling. Many development disorders like dyslexia, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia etc. are causally related to decreased level of DHA. DHA is a potent RXR ligand inducing robust RXR activation already at low micro molar concentrations. The EC₅₀ for RXRα activation by DHA is about 5-10 μM fatty acid. In Vivo: Docosahexaenoic acid administration over 10 weeks significantly reduces the number of reference memory errors, without affecting the number of working memory errors, and significantly increases the docosahexaenoic acid content and the docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio in both the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex. DHA treatment exerts neuroprotective actions on an experimental mouse model of PD. There is a decrease tendency in brain lipid oxidation of MPTP mice but it does not significantly.

HY-121799A

Taurohyocholic acid sodium salt		98.08%
Taurohyocholic acid (THCA) sodium salt is a taurine-conjugated hyocholic acid. Taurohyocholic acid sodium salt is predictor of the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined withPD-1 inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

HY-124151

Adenosine-2'-monophosphate		99.91%
Adenosine-2'-monophosphate (2'-AMP) is converted by extracellular 2’,3'-CAMP. Adenosine-2'-monophosphate is further metabolized to extracellular adenosine (a mechanism called the extracellular 2’,3’-cAMP-adenosine pathway). Adenosine-2'-monophosphate inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α and CXCL10 production via A_2A receptor activation.

HY-N0140R

Ursolic acid (Standard)
Ursolic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ursolic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ursolic acid (Prunol) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid, exerts anti-tumor effects and is an effective compound for cancer prevention and therapy.

HY-N2353

Arabinose		99.87%
Arabinose is a pentose sugar commonly found in plants. Arabinose alleviates immune dysregulation and inflammation by promoting balanced immune responses and reducing inflammation. Arabinose induces cytotoxicity, autophagy (Autophagy), and cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells through the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. Arabinose activates the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-AMPK axis in neuroblastoma cells, thereby exerting neuromodulatory/antidepressant effects. Arabinose can also be used as an intermediate in compound synthesis. Arabinose may be applied in research related to immune inflammation, depression, breast cancer, and other diseases.

HY-107824

D-Melibiose		99.84%
D-Melibiose is a disaccharide which is composed of one galactose and one glucose moiety in an alpha (1-6) glycosidic linkage.

HY-B1788S

Taurocholic acid-d₄ sodium		≥99.0%
Taurocholic acid-d₄ (sodium) is the deuterium labeled Taurocholic acid. Taurocholic acid (N-Choloyltaurine) is a bile acid involved in the emulsification of fats.

HY-W010791

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt		99.83%
Adenosine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt is a nucleoside diphosphate and the product of ATP dephosphorylation by ATPases. Adenosine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt induces human platelet aggregation and inhibits stimulated adenylate cyclase through its action on P_2T-purinergic receptors.

HY-14608S2

L-Glutamic acid-¹⁵N		98.0%
L-Glutamic acid-¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-P2972

Sulfatase, Helix pomatia
Sulfatase, Helix pomatia is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sulfate esters. Sulfatase, Helix pomatia participates in the metabolism of various substances.

HY-W010514

trans-Cyclohexane-1,2-diol		99.94%
trans-Cyclohexane-1,2-diol (TCHD) is a transient dilator of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). By interacting with the hydrophobic core (FG nucleoporin) of the NPC, trans-Cyclohexane-1,2-diol can disrupt the NPC structure and reversibly increase the permeability of the nuclear pore, allowing macromolecules larger than 40 kDa (such as plasmid DNA) to enter the cell nucleus by passive diffusion, thereby enhancing the nuclear import efficiency of non-viral vectors. trans-Cyclohexane-1,2-diol can improve the efficiency of in vitro electrotransfection or lipid-mediated gene transfection, especially significantly increasing gene expression in differentiated airway epithelial cells.

HY-W005288

4-Vinylphenol (10% in Propylene glycol)		98.46%
4-Vinylphenol is found in the medicinal herb Hedyotis diffusa Willd, wild rice and is also the metabolite of p-coumaric and ferulic acid by lactic acid bacteria in wine. 4-Vinylphenol induces apoptosis and inhibits blood vessels formation and suppresses invasive breast tumor growth in vivo.

HY-113027

p-Hydroxymandelic acid
p-Hydroxymandelic acid is a valuable aromatic fine chemical and widely used for production of pharmaceuticals and food additives.

HY-40136

cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline		≥98.0%
cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline is an orally active proline analog and collagen production inhibitor. cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline inhibits cell growth by preventing the deposition of triple helical collagen on the cell layer. cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline inhibits N-nitrosomethylurea-induced breast tumor growth. cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline improves lung compliance and reduces prostate weight. cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline can be used in the study of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

HY-113209

8-Isoprostaglandin F2α		99.9%
8-Isoprostaglandin F2α is an isoprostane produced by the non-enzymatic peroxidation of arachidonic acid in membrane phospholipids. 8-Isoprostaglandin F2α is present in human plasma in two distinct forms - esterified in phospholipids and as the free acid. 8-Isoprostaglandin F2α is a weak TP receptor agonist in vascular smooth muscle.

HY-107430A

Oxythiamine chloride hydrochloride
Oxythiamine (Hydroxythiamine) chloride hydrochloride, an analogue of anti-metabolite, can suppress the non-oxidative synthesis of ribose and induce cell apoptosis. Oxythiamine chloride hydrochloride is a thiamine antagonist and inhibits transketolase (TK). Oxythiamine chloride hydrochloride inhibits cancer cell apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation.

HY-B1777R

Spermine (Standard)
Spermine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Spermine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Spermine (NSC 268508) functions directly as a free radical scabenger to protect DNA from free radical attack. Spermine has antiviral effects.

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Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8492)

Antibodies (477)

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8492):