Phenylephrine hydrochloride
Based on 38 publication(s) in Google Scholar
(R)-(-)-Phenylephrine hydrochloride is a selective α1-adrenoceptor agonist with pKis of 5.86, 4.87 and 4.70 for α1D, α1B and α1A receptors respectively.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.99%
- CAS No.: 61-76-7
- Formula: C9H14ClNO2
- Molecular Weight:203.67
-
Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
-
Biological Activity
-
Chemical Information
-
Solvent & Solubility
- Protocol
- Purity & Documentation
- References
-
Help & FAQs
-
HY-13948
Angiotensin II human -
HY-B0468
Isoprenaline hydrochloride -
HY-B0769
Phenylephrine -
HY-B0282
Acetylcholine chloride -
HY-B0193A
Prazosin hydrochloride -
HY-17034A
Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride -
HY-B0471R
Phenylephrine hydrochloride (Standard) -
HY-B0769R
Phenylephrine (Standard) -
HY-B0573
Propranolol hydrochloride -
HY-13715A
Norepinephrine hydrochloride -
HY-13948A
Angiotensin II human acetate -
HY-18729A
L-NAME hydrochloride
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Phenylephrine hydrochloride
More- Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 16;15(1):5985. [Abstract]
- J Adv Res. 2025 Oct 29:S2090-1232(25)00848-3. [Abstract]
- Trends Biotechnol. 2025 Apr;43(4):918-945. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2026 May 27. [Abstract]
- Mater Des. 2025 Aug.
- Phytother Res. 2025 May 26. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Sep:237:300-311. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2024 Feb 20:212:477-492. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Jan 30;337(Pt 1):118707. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Oct:240:117107. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Aug 8;242(Pt 1):117218. [Abstract]
- Int Endod J. 2025 Jul 14. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharmacol. 2025 Mar 15:991:177346. [Abstract]
- J Ovarian Res. 2026 Apr 28;19(1):209.
- Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2024 Dec;1870(8):167488. [Abstract]
- Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2024 Jan;1870(1):166859. [Abstract]
- Mol Med Rep. 2021 Sep;24(3):636. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 11;15(1):12511. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2023 Oct 2;13(1):16550. [Abstract]
- Cell Signal. 2026 Feb:138:112275. [Abstract]
- J Cell Mol Med. 2025 Mar;29(5):e70488. [Abstract]
- J Neurochem. 2026 Jul;170(7):e70507.
- FASEB J. 2025 Dec 31;39(24):e71345. [Abstract]
- FASEB J. 2025 May 31;39(10):e70670. [Abstract]
- J Endod. 2023 Dec;49(12):1641-1651.e6. [Abstract]
- BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2025 Jan 6;25(1):7. [Abstract]
- BMC Pulm Med. 2021 Jun 5;21(1):189. [Abstract]
- Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Jun 16:8:679240. [Abstract]
- PLoS One. 2026 Jul 2;21(7):e0351145.
- Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2025 Nov;52(11):e70081. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Nov 26:735:150844. [Abstract]
- J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2022 Sep 1;80(3):430-441. [Abstract]
- J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2018 Aug 15:1092:220-227. [Abstract]
- SSRN. 2025 Dec 1.
- bioRxiv. 2025 Jul 30.
- bioRxiv. 2025 Jun 27:2025.06.24.660441. [Abstract]
- Front Med. 2024 Jun;18(3):484-498. [Abstract]
- Elife. 2024 May 29.
Customer Validation & Images
-
Cell Imaging/Staining
-
WB
-
IF
-
WB
-
RT-PCR
All Adrenergic Receptor Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
|
α adrenergic receptor |
In Vitro
(R)-(-)-Phenylephrine is a selective α1-adrenoceptor agonist with pKi values of 5.86, 4.87 and 4.70 for α1D, α1B and α1A receptors respectively[1][2]. Phenylephrine promotes cardiac fibroblast proliferation. Phenylephrine activates CaN and evokes NFAT3 nuclear translocation. It suggests that the Ca(2+)/CaN/NFAT pathway mediates phenylephrine -induced cardiac fibroblast proliferation, and this pathway might be a possible therapeutic target in cardiac fibrosis[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
-
CAS No. 61-76-7
-
Appearance Solid
-
Molecular Weight 203.67
-
Formula C9H14ClNO2
-
Color White to off-white
-
SMILES
OC1=CC([C@@H](O)CNC)=CC=C1.Cl
-
Synonyms
(R)-(-)-Phenylephrine hydrochloride; L-Phenylephrine hydrochloride
-
Structure Classification
-
Initial Source
-
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
-
Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
Publications (38)
-
Journal Impact Factor
-
Most Recent
-
Nat Commun
Aging aggravates aortic aneurysm and dissection via miR-1204-MYLK signaling axis in mice. [Abstract]2024 Jul 16;15(1):5985. PMID: 39013850
Phenylephrine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 16;15(1):5985. [Abstract]
Contraction of isolated aortic rings from indicated groups in response to the Phenylephrine (10 nM-100 μM) treatment.
-
J Adv Res
FGF21-FGFR1 signaling protects against cardiac hypertrophy by regulating PINK1-mediated mitophagy pathway. [Abstract]2025 Oct 29:S2090-1232(25)00848-3. PMID: 41173187
Phenylephrine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 Oct 29:S2090-1232(25)00848-3. [Abstract]
si-NC or si-FGF21 were infected with adenovirus encoding LC3 for 24 h, then subjected to Phenylephrine (100 μM) stimulation for 24 h. These cells were stained using MitoTracker Red dye, scale bar = 20 µm.
Phenylephrine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 Oct 29:S2090-1232(25)00848-3. [Abstract]
Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were infected with si-NC or si-PINK1, and then treated with control or 100 μM Phenylephrine for 24 h, followed by vehicle or FGF21 protein. LC3 and PINK1, FGF21 protein levels.
-
Trends Biotechnol
Programmable embedded bioprinting for one-step manufacturing of arterial models with customized contractile and metabolic functions. [Abstract]2025 Apr;43(4):918-945. PMID: 39779422
Phenylephrine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Trends Biotechnol. 2025 Apr;43(4):918-945. [Abstract]
Cross-sections of samples fabricated change of double- and triple-layered arterial models following Phenylephrine (4 μM) and Acetylcholine treatment.
-
Acta Pharmacol Sin
The solute carrier transporter SLCO5A1 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of myocardial infarction-induced heart failure. [Abstract]2026 May 27. PMID: 42204299 -
Phenylephrine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mater Des. 2025 Aug.
AC16 and NRVMs were treated with DMSO or Phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE; 100 μM) for 48 h to induce cardiac hypertrophy. Upper panel: the expression of MYH7, BNP and METTL3 were detected by immunoblotting. Lower panel: The densities of the signals were plotted as the mean ± SD from 3 independent experiments.
-
Phytother Res
Erucin Alleviates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Improving Mitochondrial Function via Nrf2-Sirt3 Pathway. [Abstract]2025 May 26. PMID: 40415605 -
Free Radic Biol Med
m6A reader YTHDF3 elicits hypertensive effects by degrading XRCC1 mRNA in the rostral ventrolateral medulla. [Abstract]2025 Sep:237:300-311. PMID: 40490202 -
Free Radic Biol Med
Breviscapine protects against pathological cardiac hypertrophy by targeting FOXO3a-mitofusin-1 mediated mitochondrial fusion. [Abstract]2024 Feb 20:212:477-492. PMID: 38190924
Phenylephrine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2024 Feb 20:212:477-492. [Abstract]
Rhodamine phalloidin staining was used to analyze the cytoskeleton of cardiomyocytes (red). Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were pretreated with the different concentration of BRE or DMSO vehicle for 2 h, and then stimulated with 10 μM Phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) for 48 h.
Phenylephrine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2024 Feb 20:212:477-492. [Abstract]
The levels of hypertrophic marker (β-MHC) and fibrosis indice (COL-1) were detected by Western blot analysis in cardiomyocytes. Cells （H9C2 and Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes，NRCMS） were pretreated with the different concentration of BRE or DMSO vehicle for 2 h, and then stimulated with 10 μM Phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) for 48 h.
Phenylephrine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2024 Feb 20:212:477-492. [Abstract]
Intracellular and mitochondrial ROS accumulation were observed and quantitative through DCFH-DA and mitoSOX indicators through confocal laser scanning microscopy (green: DCFH-DA, red: mitoSOX, blue: hoechst 33342). Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) were pretreated with the different concentration of BRE or DMSO vehicle for 2 h, and then stimulated with 10 μM Phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) for 48 h.
Phenylephrine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2024 Feb 20:212:477-492. [Abstract]
The expression of MFN-1 and MFN-2 were analyzed by Western blot in NRCM cardiomyocytes. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) were pretreated with the different concentration of BRE or DMSO vehicle for 2 h, and then stimulated with 10 μM Phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) for 48 h.
-
J Ethnopharmacol
Mailuoning oral liquid ameliorates vasculitis in thromboangiitis obliterans rats via inactivating cGAS-STING-IRF3 and TLR4-MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathways. [Abstract]2025 Jan 30;337(Pt 1):118707. PMID: 39181282 -
Biochem Pharmacol
2025 Oct:240:117107. PMID: 40619010 -
Biochem Pharmacol
2025 Aug 8;242(Pt 1):117218. PMID: 40784571
Phenylephrine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Aug 8;242(Pt 1):117218. [Abstract]
RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expression levels of ANP, BNP, β-MHC in H9c2 cells Phenylephrine stimulation.
-
Int Endod J
Sympathetic nerves inhibit dental pulp stem cell differentiation and tertiary dentine formation via α1B-adrenergic receptor. [Abstract]2025 Jul 14. PMID: 40660609 -
Eur J Pharmacol
Therapeutic inhibition of PHF21B attenuates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the BMP4/GSK3β/β-catenin axis. [Abstract]2025 Mar 15:991:177346. PMID: 39900327 -
-
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis
Dietary apigenin ameliorates obesity-related hypertension through TRPV4-dependent vasorelaxation and TRPV4-independent adiponectin secretion. [Abstract]2024 Dec;1870(8):167488. PMID: 39218272 -
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis
Upregulation of mitochondrial telomerase reverse transcriptase mediates the preventive effect of physical exercise on pathological cardiac hypertrophy via improving mitochondrial function and inhibiting oxidative stress. [Abstract]2024 Jan;1870(1):166859. PMID: 37643691 -
Mol Med Rep
Interactions between the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and PCAF play a key role in PE‑induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. [Abstract]2021 Sep;24(3):636. PMID: 34278478 -
Sci Rep
SLC26A4 regulates autophagy and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome to mediate pathological cardiac hypertrophy. [Abstract]2025 Apr 11;15(1):12511. PMID: 40216960 -
Sci Rep
Polydatin improves vascular endothelial function by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis under high glucose conditions. [Abstract]2023 Oct 2;13(1):16550. PMID: 37783713 -
Cell Signal
RhoA/ROCK1 aggravates transverse aortic constriction-induced atrial fibrillation by enhancing NF-κBp65/CCL2 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2026 Feb:138:112275. PMID: 41317932 -
J Cell Mol Med
Danuglipron Ameliorates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Remodelling Through the AMPK Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Mar;29(5):e70488. PMID: 40070049 -
-
FASEB J
Natriuretic Peptide Improves Impaired Baroreceptor Sensitivity in a Sex-Dependent Manner by Enhancing Baroreflex Afferent Neuroexcitation Under Physiological and Hypertensive Conditions. [Abstract]2025 Dec 31;39(24):e71345. PMID: 41395769 -
FASEB J
2025 May 31;39(10):e70670. PMID: 40406987 -
J Endod
Human dental pulp stem cells are subjected to metabolic reprogramming and repressed proliferation and migration by the sympathetic nervous system via ADRA1B. [Abstract]2023 Dec;49(12):1641-1651.e6. PMID: 37769871 -
BMC Cardiovasc Disord
Alantolactone mitigates the elevation of blood pressure in mice induced by angiotensin II by inhibiting calcium channel activation. [Abstract]2025 Jan 6;25(1):7. PMID: 39762727 -
BMC Pulm Med
Opposing responses of the rat pulmonary artery and vein to phenylephrine and other agents in vitro. [Abstract]2021 Jun 5;21(1):189. PMID: 34090386 -
Front Cardiovasc Med
2021 Jun 16:8:679240. PMID: 34222374 -
-
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol
Indole-3-Propionic Acid Improves Vascular Function in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice via eNOS. [Abstract]2025 Nov;52(11):e70081. PMID: 41057979 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Distinct effects of physical and functional ablation of brown adipose tissue on T3-dependent pathological cardiac remodeling. [Abstract]2024 Nov 26:735:150844. PMID: 39432923 -
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1 Protects Against Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy by Promoting Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes. [Abstract]2022 Sep 1;80(3):430-441. PMID: 35881904 -
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
Searching for synergistic calcium antagonists and novel therapeutic regimens for coronary heart disease therapy from a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suxiao Jiuxin Pill. [Abstract]2018 Aug 15:1092:220-227. PMID: 29908471 -
-
-
bioRxiv
Flow-sensitive HEG1 controls eNOS activity to prevent endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. [Abstract]2025 Jun 27:2025.06.24.660441. PMID: 40667131 -
Front Med
lncRNA ZNF593-AS inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial remodeling by upregulating Mfn2 expression. [Abstract]2024 Jun;18(3):484-498. PMID: 38743133 -
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 125 mg/mL (613.74 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 100 mg/mL (490.99 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.21 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.21 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
-
-
-
-
Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Protocol
Animal Administration[5]
Rat: A total of 170 male Wistar rats are randomLy allocated into 17 groups (n=10) using random number tables. Short-term (40 minutes) mechanical ventilation with high tidal volume is performed to induce lung injury, impair active Na+ transport and lung liquid clearance in the rats. Unventilated rats serves as controls. To demonstrate the effect of phenylephrine on alveolar fluid clearance, phenylephrine at different concentrations (10, 1, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 μM) is injected into the alveolar space of the HVT ventilated rats[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Purity & Documentation
-
Data Sheet (284 KB)
-
SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Korean - KR (394 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (394 KB)
-
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Ford AP, et al. Pharmacological pleiotropism of the human recombinant alpha1A-adrenoceptor: implications foralpha1-adrenoceptor classification. Br J Pharmacol. 1997 Jul;121(6):1127-35. [Content Brief]
[2]. Minneman KP, et al. Selectivity of agonists for cloned alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Mol Pharmacol. 1994 Nov;46(5):929-36. [Content Brief]
[3]. Wang J, et al. Phenylephrine promotes cardiac fibroblast proliferation through calcineurin-NFAT pathway. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2016 Jan 1;21:502-13. [Content Brief]
[4]. Lazou A, et al. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38-MAPKs, SAPKs/JNKs and ERKs) by the G-protein-coupled receptor agonist phenylephrine in the perfused rat heart. Biochem J. 1998 Jun 1;332 ( Pt 2):459-65. [Content Brief]
[5]. Li NJ, et al. Effect of phenylephrine on alveolar fluid clearance in ventilator-induced lung injury. Chin Med Sci J. 2013 Mar;28(1):1-6. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 4.9099 mL | 24.5495 mL | 49.0990 mL | 122.7476 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.9820 mL | 4.9099 mL | 9.8198 mL | 24.5495 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4910 mL | 2.4550 mL | 4.9099 mL | 12.2748 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.3273 mL | 1.6366 mL | 3.2733 mL | 8.1832 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2455 mL | 1.2275 mL | 2.4550 mL | 6.1374 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1964 mL | 0.9820 mL | 1.9640 mL | 4.9099 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1637 mL | 0.8183 mL | 1.6366 mL | 4.0916 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1227 mL | 0.6137 mL | 1.2275 mL | 3.0687 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0982 mL | 0.4910 mL | 0.9820 mL | 2.4550 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0818 mL | 0.4092 mL | 0.8183 mL | 2.0458 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0614 mL | 0.3069 mL | 0.6137 mL | 1.5343 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0491 mL | 0.2455 mL | 0.4910 mL | 1.2275 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Phenylephrine hydrochloride Related Classifications
HY-B0471 Related Classifications
Powered by Bioz