Cat. No.: HY-B0116

Stavudine

(Synonyms: d4T)

4 Cited Publications

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Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.89%
CAS No.: 3056-17-5
Formula: C₁₀H₁₂N₂O₄
Molecular Weight:224.22

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months

Stavudine Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 3056-17-5

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (4)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
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Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

HIV-1

HIV-2

NLRP3

All HIV Isoforms :

All NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
ATH-8 cell line	ED₅₀	4.1 μM Compound: 2a	Protection of ATH8 cells against the cytopathic effect of HIV. Protection of ATH8 cells against the cytopathic effect of HIV.	[PMID: 3497272]
C3H/3T3	EC₅₀	15 μM Compound: d4T	Effect of compound against Moloney murine sarcoma virus (MSV)-induced transformation of C3H/3T3 embryo murine fibroblasts Effect of compound against Moloney murine sarcoma virus (MSV)-induced transformation of C3H/3T3 embryo murine fibroblasts	[PMID: 10229629]
C3H/3T3	EC₅₀	2.5 μM Compound: 7, d4T	Antiviral activity against murine sarcoma virus infected in human C3H/3T3 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cell transformation Antiviral activity against murine sarcoma virus infected in human C3H/3T3 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cell transformation	[PMID: 20945915]
C8166	EC₅₀	0.08 μM Compound: 1	Ability to inhibit the replication of HIV-1 IIIB infected C8166 cells Ability to inhibit the replication of HIV-1 IIIB infected C8166 cells	10.1016/S0960-894X(00)80315-7
Caco-2	IC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytostatic activity against human Caco2 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis Cytostatic activity against human Caco2 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis	[PMID: 24177359]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	56 μM Compound: d4T	In vitro cytotoxic concentration in CEM cells. In vitro cytotoxic concentration in CEM cells.	[PMID: 10229629]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	56 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxic concentration in Wild Type CEM cells Cytotoxic concentration in Wild Type CEM cells	[PMID: 10229630]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.18 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity evaluated as the ability to inhibit the replication of HIV-1 in human T-lymphocytic cells (CEM) Antiviral activity evaluated as the ability to inhibit the replication of HIV-1 in human T-lymphocytic cells (CEM)	[PMID: 10229630]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.26 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity evaluated as the ability to inhibit the replication of HIV-2 in human T-lymphocytic cells (CEM) Antiviral activity evaluated as the ability to inhibit the replication of HIV-2 in human T-lymphocytic cells (CEM)	[PMID: 10229630]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	174 μM Compound: 1	Cytostatic concentration required to inhibit CEM/0 cells proliferation by 50% Cytostatic concentration required to inhibit CEM/0 cells proliferation by 50%	[PMID: 10514282]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	174 μM Compound: d4T	Compound was evaluated for the cytotoxicity against CEM cell proliferation by 50% Compound was evaluated for the cytotoxicity against CEM cell proliferation by 50%	[PMID: 10714505]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.651 μM Compound: d4T	Concentration required to protect CEM cells against cytopathicity of HIV-1 by 50% Concentration required to protect CEM cells against cytopathicity of HIV-1 by 50%	[PMID: 10714505]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.77 μM Compound: d4T	Concentration required to protect CEM cells against cytopathicity of HIV-2 by 50% Concentration required to protect CEM cells against cytopathicity of HIV-2 by 50%	[PMID: 10714505]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	33 μM Compound: d4T	Concentration required to protect CEM/TK- cells against cytopathicity of HIV-2 by 50% Concentration required to protect CEM/TK- cells against cytopathicity of HIV-2 by 50%	[PMID: 10714505]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	93 μM Compound: 1 (D4T)	Cytostatic concentration required to inhibit Human T-Lymphocyte (CEM) cells proliferation caused by HIV-1 (IIIB) Cytostatic concentration required to inhibit Human T-Lymphocyte (CEM) cells proliferation caused by HIV-1 (IIIB)	[PMID: 12852759]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.21 μM Compound: 1 (D4T)	Effective concentration required to protect Human T-Lymphocyte (CEM) cells against cytopathogenicity of HIV-1 (IIIB) Effective concentration required to protect Human T-Lymphocyte (CEM) cells against cytopathogenicity of HIV-1 (IIIB)	[PMID: 12852759]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.4 μM Compound: 1 (D4T)	Effective concentration required to protect Human T-Lymphocyte (CEM) cells against cytopathogenicity of HIV-2 (ROD) Effective concentration required to protect Human T-Lymphocyte (CEM) cells against cytopathogenicity of HIV-2 (ROD)	[PMID: 12852759]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	27 μM Compound: 1 (D4T)	Effective concentration required to protect activity Human CEM/TK- cells against cytopathogenicity of HIV virus Effective concentration required to protect activity Human CEM/TK- cells against cytopathogenicity of HIV virus	[PMID: 12852759]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Stavudine	Cytotoxic concentration of compound required to reduce the viability of mock infected CEM cells by 50% Cytotoxic concentration of compound required to reduce the viability of mock infected CEM cells by 50%	[PMID: 14980640]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.09 μM Compound: Stavudine	Effective concentration of compound achieving 50% protection in CEM cell lines against the cytopathic effect of HIV-1 Effective concentration of compound achieving 50% protection in CEM cell lines against the cytopathic effect of HIV-1	[PMID: 14980640]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxic concentration was measured in CEM wild-type/thymidine-kinase-deficient CEM Cells Cytotoxic concentration was measured in CEM wild-type/thymidine-kinase-deficient CEM Cells	[PMID: 15715487]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: d4T	Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 strain N119 multiplication in thymidine-kinase-deficient CEM cells Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 strain N119 multiplication in thymidine-kinase-deficient CEM cells	[PMID: 15715487]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: d4T	Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 wild type strain IIIB multiplication in thymidine-kinase-deficient CEM cells Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 wild type strain IIIB multiplication in thymidine-kinase-deficient CEM cells	[PMID: 15715487]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: d4T	Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-2 multiplication in thymidine-kinase-deficient CEM cells Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-2 multiplication in thymidine-kinase-deficient CEM cells	[PMID: 15715487]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.1 μM Compound: d4T	Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-2 multiplication in CEM wild type cells Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-2 multiplication in CEM wild type cells	[PMID: 15715487]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.3 μM Compound: d4T	Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 wild type strain IIIB multiplication in CEM wild type cells Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 wild type strain IIIB multiplication in CEM wild type cells	[PMID: 15715487]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.8 μM Compound: d4T	Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 strain N119 multiplication in CEM wild type cells Effective concentration of compound to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 strain N119 multiplication in CEM wild type cells	[PMID: 15715487]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	105 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Cytotoxicity against CEM/0 cells Cytotoxicity against CEM/0 cells	[PMID: 17328534]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	51 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Antiviral activity against H1V2 in TK-deficient CEM cells Antiviral activity against H1V2 in TK-deficient CEM cells	[PMID: 17328534]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	174 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against CEM/0 cells Cytotoxicity against CEM/0 cells	[PMID: 17485204]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	234 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells	[PMID: 18826203]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.48 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 in human CEM cells Antiviral activity against HIV1 in human CEM cells	[PMID: 18826203]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.63 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD in human CEM cells Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD in human CEM cells	[PMID: 18826203]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	47.5 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD in thymidine kinase deficient human CEM cells Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD in thymidine kinase deficient human CEM cells	[PMID: 18826203]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	182 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytostatic activity against human wild type CEM/0 cellss Cytostatic activity against human wild type CEM/0 cellss	[PMID: 18834186]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	220 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytotoxicity against human wild type CEM/0 cells Cytotoxicity against human wild type CEM/0 cells	[PMID: 19053827]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	69 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV2 replication in human thymidine kinase deficient CEM cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathic effect Antiviral activity against HIV2 replication in human thymidine kinase deficient CEM cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathic effect	[PMID: 19053827]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: 1, (d4T)	Cytostatic activity against wild type human CEM cells Cytostatic activity against wild type human CEM cells	[PMID: 19438207]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.56 μM Compound: 1, (d4T)	Antiviral activity against HIV1 in wild type human CEM cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 to 5 days by microscopy Antiviral activity against HIV1 in wild type human CEM cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 to 5 days by microscopy	[PMID: 19438207]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.79 μM Compound: 1, (d4T)	Antiviral activity against HIV2 in wild type human CEM cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 to 5 days by microscopy Antiviral activity against HIV2 in wild type human CEM cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 to 5 days by microscopy	[PMID: 19438207]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	29 μM Compound: 1, (d4T)	Antiviral activity against HIV2 in thymidine kinase deficient human CEM cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 to 5 days by microscopy Antiviral activity against HIV2 in thymidine kinase deficient human CEM cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathic effect after 4 to 5 days by microscopy	[PMID: 19438207]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: 7, d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM/0 cells Cytotoxicity against human CEM/0 cells	[PMID: 20945915]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.8 μM Compound: 4a (ddeThd)	Concentration of the drug resulting in 50% reduction of the viral cytopathic effect against HIV-1 replication in CEM cells. Concentration of the drug resulting in 50% reduction of the viral cytopathic effect against HIV-1 replication in CEM cells.	[PMID: 2153206]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	235 μM Compound: 4a (ddeThd)	Concentration of the drug resulting in 50% growth inhibition of normal, uninfected cells against HIV-1 replication in CEM cells. Concentration of the drug resulting in 50% growth inhibition of normal, uninfected cells against HIV-1 replication in CEM cells.	[PMID: 2153206]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: d4T, stavudine	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells	[PMID: 22827702]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.78 μM Compound: d4T, stavudine	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 infected in wild type CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 days Antiviral activity against HIV-1 infected in wild type CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 days	[PMID: 22827702]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	1.3 μM Compound: d4T, stavudine	Antiviral activity against HIV-2 infected in wild type CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 days Antiviral activity against HIV-2 infected in wild type CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 days	[PMID: 22827702]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	150 μM Compound: d4T, stavudine	Antiviral activity against HIV-2 infected in thymidine kinase deficient CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 days Antiviral activity against HIV-2 infected in thymidine kinase deficient CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 days	[PMID: 22827702]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>=250 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells	[PMID: 24177359]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.39 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 24177359]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.58 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 24177359]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytostatic activity against thymidine kinase-deficient human CEM cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis Cytostatic activity against thymidine kinase-deficient human CEM cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis	[PMID: 24177359]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	≥250 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytostatic activity against human CEM cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis Cytostatic activity against human CEM cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis	[PMID: 24177359]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>267.6 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM/0 cells Cytotoxicity against human CEM/0 cells	[PMID: 24411122]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	>=119.7 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV-2 ROD infected in thymidine kinase-deficient human CEM cells Antiviral activity against HIV-2 ROD infected in thymidine kinase-deficient human CEM cells	[PMID: 24411122]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	79 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM/0 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation incubated for 4 to 5 days Cytotoxicity against human CEM/0 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation incubated for 4 to 5 days	[PMID: 26125628]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 1; d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation	[PMID: 32421343]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	31.05 μM Compound: 1; d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD infected in thymidine kinase-deficient human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation measured after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD infected in thymidine kinase-deficient human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation measured after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 32421343]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 1a; d4T	Cytotoxicity in human CEM/0 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 4 to 5 days Cytotoxicity in human CEM/0 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 4 to 5 days	[PMID: 32515595]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 1; d4T	Cytotoxicity in human CEM cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation Cytotoxicity in human CEM cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation	[PMID: 32991174]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	79 μM Compound: 1; d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM/0 CD4+ T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability Cytotoxicity against human CEM/0 CD4+ T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability	[PMID: 33186038]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 1; D4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 4 to 5 days by light microscopic analysis Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 4 to 5 days by light microscopic analysis	[PMID: 37647547]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM/0 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation Cytotoxicity against human CEM/0 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation	[PMID: 38345794]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM/TK- cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation Cytotoxicity against human CEM/TK- cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation	[PMID: 38345794]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	174 μM Compound: 3	Cytotoxic concentration against CEM cells (in vitro) Cytotoxic concentration against CEM cells (in vitro)	[PMID: 8648614]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.775 μM Compound: 3	Activity against HIV-2 in CEM cells (in vitro) Activity against HIV-2 in CEM cells (in vitro)	[PMID: 8648614]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.8 μM Compound: 3	Activity against HIV-1 in CEM cells (in vitro) Activity against HIV-1 in CEM cells (in vitro)	[PMID: 8648614]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	56 μM Compound: 1	The cytotoxicity was measured on wild type CEM/O cells The cytotoxicity was measured on wild type CEM/O cells	[PMID: 9554875]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	56 μM Compound: 1	The cytotoxicity was measured on wild type CEM/O cells. The cytotoxicity was measured on wild type CEM/O cells.	[PMID: 9554875]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.18 μM Compound: 1	Antiviral activity was measured on HIV-1 in wild-type CEM/O cells Antiviral activity was measured on HIV-1 in wild-type CEM/O cells	[PMID: 9554875]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.26 μM Compound: 1	Antiviral activity was measured on HIV-2 in wild-type CEM/O cells Antiviral activity was measured on HIV-2 in wild-type CEM/O cells	[PMID: 9554875]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	15 μM Compound: 1	Antiviral activity was measured on HIV-2 in mutant thymidine kinase-deficient CEM/TK- cells Antiviral activity was measured on HIV-2 in mutant thymidine kinase-deficient CEM/TK- cells	[PMID: 9554875]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for cytostatic activity in CEM cell line Compound was tested for cytostatic activity in CEM cell line	[PMID: 9873653]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.25 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for anti-HIV-1 activity in CEM/0 cell line Compound was tested for anti-HIV-1 activity in CEM/0 cell line	[PMID: 9873653]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	1.2 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for anti-HIV-2 activity in CEM/0 cell line Compound was tested for anti-HIV-2 activity in CEM/0 cell line	[PMID: 9873653]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 1 (d4T)	Compound was tested for anti-HIV activity in TK-deficient CEM cells by microculture tetrazolium assay Compound was tested for anti-HIV activity in TK-deficient CEM cells by microculture tetrazolium assay	[PMID: 9873688]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	0.6 μM Compound: 1 (d4T)	Compound was tested for anti-HIV activity in TK-deficient CEM cells by p24 production assay Compound was tested for anti-HIV activity in TK-deficient CEM cells by p24 production assay	[PMID: 9873688]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	2.4 μM Compound: 1 (d4T)	Compound was tested for anti-HIV activity in TK-deficient CEM cells by inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity Compound was tested for anti-HIV activity in TK-deficient CEM cells by inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity	[PMID: 9873688]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	174 μM Compound: d4T	In vitro concentration required to inhibit HIV-2 infected CEM/O cell proliferation In vitro concentration required to inhibit HIV-2 infected CEM/O cell proliferation	[PMID: 9986709]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.651 μM Compound: d4T	In vitro effective compound concentration required to protect CEM/O cells against the cytopathogenicity of HIV-1 In vitro effective compound concentration required to protect CEM/O cells against the cytopathogenicity of HIV-1	[PMID: 9986709]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.77 μM Compound: d4T	In vitro effective compound concentration required to protect CEM/O cells against the cytopathogenicity of HIV-2 In vitro effective compound concentration required to protect CEM/O cells against the cytopathogenicity of HIV-2	[PMID: 9986709]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	33 μM Compound: d4T	In vitro effective compound concentration required to protect CEM/TK cells against the cytopathogenicity of HIV-1 In vitro effective compound concentration required to protect CEM/TK cells against the cytopathogenicity of HIV-1	[PMID: 9986709]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1 (d4T)	Compound was evaluated for the cytotoxic concentration to inhibit HIV replication in CEM cells. Compound was evaluated for the cytotoxic concentration to inhibit HIV replication in CEM cells.	10.1016/0960-894X(96)00195-3
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.16 μM Compound: 1 (d4T)	Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of HIV replication using HIV-1 infected CEM cells. Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of HIV replication using HIV-1 infected CEM cells.	10.1016/0960-894X(96)00195-3
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.27 μM Compound: 1 (d4T)	Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of HIV replication using HIV-2 infected CEM cells. Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of HIV replication using HIV-2 infected CEM cells.	10.1016/0960-894X(96)00195-3
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	25 μM Compound: 1 (d4T)	Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of HIV replication using HIV-2 infected CEM-TK- cells. Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of HIV replication using HIV-2 infected CEM-TK- cells.	10.1016/0960-894X(96)00195-3
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.4 μg/mL Compound: 1	Effective concentration that causes 50 % inhibition of HIV-1 in CEM/0 cells, was determined. Effective concentration that causes 50 % inhibition of HIV-1 in CEM/0 cells, was determined.	10.1016/S0960-894X(96)00597-5
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	1.45 μg/mL Compound: 1	Effective concentration that causes 50 % inhibition of HIV-2 in CEM/0 cells, was determined. Effective concentration that causes 50 % inhibition of HIV-2 in CEM/0 cells, was determined.	10.1016/S0960-894X(96)00597-5
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	45 μg/mL Compound: 1	Effective concentration that causes 50 % inhibition of HIV-2 in CEM/TK- cells, was determined. Effective concentration that causes 50 % inhibition of HIV-2 in CEM/TK- cells, was determined.	10.1016/S0960-894X(96)00597-5
CEM-c113	EC₅₀	0.08 μM Compound: D4T	Effective concentration that reduces HIV-induced cytopathic effect by 50% was determined by MTT assay. Effective concentration that reduces HIV-induced cytopathic effect by 50% was determined by MTT assay.	[PMID: 8385224]
CEM-c113	IC₅₀	10 μM Compound: D4T	Antiviral activity measured in lymphocytic cell line (CEM-C113) infected with HIV-1 cell free supernatants Antiviral activity measured in lymphocytic cell line (CEM-C113) infected with HIV-1 cell free supernatants	[PMID: 8385224]
CEM-SS	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM-SS cells assessed as reduction in cell viability Cytotoxicity against human CEM-SS cells assessed as reduction in cell viability	[PMID: 34695774]
CEM-SS	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in CEM-SS cells infected with HIV-1 Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in CEM-SS cells infected with HIV-1	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00525-7
CEM-SS	EC₅₀	0.059 μM Compound: d4T	Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in CEM-SS cells infected with HIV-1 Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in CEM-SS cells infected with HIV-1	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00525-7
CEM-TK(-)	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human CEM-TK(-) cells assessed as reduction in cell viability Cytotoxicity against human CEM-TK(-) cells assessed as reduction in cell viability	[PMID: 34695774]
CEM-TK(-)	EC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for anti-HIV-2 activity in CEM/TK- cell line Compound was tested for anti-HIV-2 activity in CEM/TK- cell line	[PMID: 9873653]
CEM-TK(-)	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in CEM/TK- cells infected with HIV-1 Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in CEM/TK- cells infected with HIV-1	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00525-7
CEM-TK(-)	EC₅₀	10 μM Compound: d4T	Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in CEM/TK- cells infected with HIV-1 Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in CEM/TK- cells infected with HIV-1	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00525-7
CEM-TK(+)	EC₅₀	33.3 μM Compound: 3	Activity against HIV-1 in CEM/TK cells (in vitro) Activity against HIV-1 in CEM/TK cells (in vitro)	[PMID: 8648614]
COLO 320	IC₅₀	159 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytostatic activity against human COLO320 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis Cytostatic activity against human COLO320 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis	[PMID: 24177359]
H9	EC₅₀	0.06 μM Compound: D4T, NSC-163661	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by formazan-based conventional colorimetric technique Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by formazan-based conventional colorimetric technique	[PMID: 11430019]
H9	EC₅₀	0.06 μM Compound: D4T, NSC-163661	Antiviral activity against HIV1 RF in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by formazan-based conventional colorimetric technique Antiviral activity against HIV1 RF in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by formazan-based conventional colorimetric technique	[PMID: 11430019]
HEK-293T	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human 293T cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by tetrazolium dye method Cytotoxicity against human 293T cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by tetrazolium dye method	[PMID: 17470654]
HeLa	IC₅₀	5.7 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human HeLa P4/R5 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human HeLa P4/R5 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 19596885]
HeLa	EC₅₀	>200 μM Compound: d4T, Stavudine	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa P4/R5 cells by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa P4/R5 cells by MTS assay	[PMID: 21382714]
HeLa	IC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytostatic activity against human HeLa cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis Cytostatic activity against human HeLa cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis	[PMID: 24177359]
HeLa	IC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytostatic activity against thymidine kinase-deficient human HeLa cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis Cytostatic activity against thymidine kinase-deficient human HeLa cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by particle counting analysis	[PMID: 24177359]
L1210	IC₅₀	8.9 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 2 days by particle counting analysis Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 2 days by particle counting analysis	[PMID: 24177359]
L1210	IC₅₀	≥250 μM Compound: 2, d4T	Cytostatic activity against thymidine kinase-deficient mouse L1210 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 2 days by particle counting analysis Cytostatic activity against thymidine kinase-deficient mouse L1210 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 2 days by particle counting analysis	[PMID: 24177359]
MT2	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Concentration required to inhibit 50% of host cell replication in MT-2 cells used against HIV studies Concentration required to inhibit 50% of host cell replication in MT-2 cells used against HIV studies	[PMID: 10999490]
MT2	EC₅₀	1.8 μM Compound: 1 (D4T)	Effective concentration required to protect MT-2 cells against cytopathogenicity of HIV-1 LAI Effective concentration required to protect MT-2 cells against cytopathogenicity of HIV-1 LAI	[PMID: 12852759]
MT2	CC₅₀	100 μM Compound: Stavudine	Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce the viability of mock-infected MT-2 cells by 50% Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce the viability of mock-infected MT-2 cells by 50%	[PMID: 14552777]
MT2	IC₅₀	2.8 μM Compound: Stavudine	Inhibitory activity against HIV-1 IIIB to achieve 50% protection of MT-2 cells Inhibitory activity against HIV-1 IIIB to achieve 50% protection of MT-2 cells	[PMID: 14552777]
MT2	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against MT2 cells Cytotoxicity against MT2 cells	[PMID: 16263277]
MT2	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 16298131]
MT2	EC₅₀	3 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in MT2 cells by MTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in MT2 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 16298131]
MT2	EC₅₀	2 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of viral-mediated T-cell death by MTT method Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of viral-mediated T-cell death by MTT method	[PMID: 17317163]
MT2	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells	[PMID: 17317163]
MT2	CC₅₀	286 μM Compound: 5	Cytotoxicity against MT2 cells Cytotoxicity against MT2 cells	[PMID: 17562366]
MT2	EC₅₀	4.8 μM Compound: 5	Inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect in wild type HIV 3a infected MT2 cells after 5 days Inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect in wild type HIV 3a infected MT2 cells after 5 days	[PMID: 17562366]
MT2	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4t	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 17918923]
MT2	EC₅₀	1.6 μM Compound: d4t	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in human MT2 cells by MTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in human MT2 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 17918923]
MT2	IC₅₀	1.9 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 19596885]
MT2	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 20304641]
MT2	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells infected with HIV1 harboring reverse transcriptase K103N/Y181C mutation by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells infected with HIV1 harboring reverse transcriptase K103N/Y181C mutation by MTT assay	[PMID: 20304641]
MT2	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells infected with HIV1 harboring reverse transcriptase Y181C mutation by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells infected with HIV1 harboring reverse transcriptase Y181C mutation by MTT assay	[PMID: 20304641]
MT2	EC₅₀	0.5 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 reverse transcriptase K103N/Y181C double mutant infected in human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication by MTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 reverse transcriptase K103N/Y181C double mutant infected in human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication by MTT assay	[PMID: 20304641]
MT2	EC₅₀	0.7 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 reverse transcriptase Y181C mutant infected in human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication by MTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 reverse transcriptase Y181C mutant infected in human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication by MTT assay	[PMID: 20304641]
MT2	EC₅₀	1.4 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication by MTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human MT2 cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication by MTT assay	[PMID: 20304641]
MT2	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells after 5 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells after 5 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 20605472]
MT2	EC₅₀	2.3 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human MT-2 cells assessed as inhibition of viral-mediated cell death after 5 days by MTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human MT-2 cells assessed as inhibition of viral-mediated cell death after 5 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 20605472]
MT2	EC₅₀	2 μM Compound: 4a (ddeThd)	Concentration of the drug resulting in 50% reduction of the viral cytopathic effect against HIV-1 replication in MT-2 cells. Concentration of the drug resulting in 50% reduction of the viral cytopathic effect against HIV-1 replication in MT-2 cells.	[PMID: 2153206]
MT2	IC₅₀	71 μM Compound: 4a (ddeThd)	Concentration of the drug resulting in 50% growth inhibition of normal, uninfected cells against HIV-1 replication in MT-2 cells. Concentration of the drug resulting in 50% growth inhibition of normal, uninfected cells against HIV-1 replication in MT-2 cells.	[PMID: 2153206]
MT2	EC₅₀	2.2 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 infected un MT2 cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathicity after 5 days by MTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV-1 infected un MT2 cells assessed as virus-induced cytopathicity after 5 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 23380374]
MT2	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells after 5 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells after 5 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 23380374]
MT2	CC₅₀	2.2 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells after 5 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells after 5 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 24900627]
MT2	EC₅₀	3.6 μM Compound: d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human MT2 cells after 5 days by MTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human MT2 cells after 5 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 24900627]
MT2	CC₅₀	98 μM Compound: 20	Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells Cytotoxicity against human MT2 cells	[PMID: 32031378]
MT4	EC₅₀	0.71 μM Compound: 1 (D4T)	Effective concentration required to protect MT-4 cells against cytopathogenicity of HIV-1 LAI Effective concentration required to protect MT-4 cells against cytopathogenicity of HIV-1 LAI	[PMID: 12852759]
MT4	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce the viability of normal uninfected MT-4 cells Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce the viability of normal uninfected MT-4 cells	[PMID: 15715487]
MT4	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Stavudine	Cytotoxicity against MT4 cells MTT assay Cytotoxicity against MT4 cells MTT assay	[PMID: 17181169]
MT4	EC₅₀	0.51 μM Compound: Stavudine	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in MT4 cells by MTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B in MT4 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 17181169]
MT4	CC₅₀	>600 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells assessed as reduction of cell viability Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells assessed as reduction of cell viability	[PMID: 20833550]
MT4	IC₅₀	1.2 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathic effect Antiviral activity against HIV1 infected in human MT4 cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathic effect	[PMID: 20833550]
MT4	ED₅₀	0.05 μM Compound: d4Thd	Effective dose achieving 50% protection of MT-4 cells against the cytopathic effect of HIV Effective dose achieving 50% protection of MT-4 cells against the cytopathic effect of HIV	[PMID: 2342078]
MT4	CC₅₀	327.4 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells	[PMID: 24411122]
MT4	IC₅₀	0.26 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 3B infected in human MT4 cells Antiviral activity against HIV-1 3B infected in human MT4 cells	[PMID: 24411122]
MT4	IC₅₀	0.4 μM Compound: 1, d4T	Antiviral activity against HIV-2 ROD infected in human MT4 cells Antiviral activity against HIV-2 ROD infected in human MT4 cells	[PMID: 24411122]
MT4	CC₅₀	313 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells	[PMID: 31679972]
MT4	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability	[PMID: 34695774]
MT4	CC₅₀	19 μM Compound: 3	Cytotoxic concentration against MT-4 cells (in vitro) Cytotoxic concentration against MT-4 cells (in vitro)	[PMID: 8648614]
MT4	EC₅₀	0.651 μM Compound: 3	Activity against HIV-1 in MT-4 cells (in vitro) Activity against HIV-1 in MT-4 cells (in vitro)	[PMID: 8648614]
MT4	EC₅₀	0.77 μM Compound: 3	Activity against HIV-2 in MT-4 cells (in vitro) Activity against HIV-2 in MT-4 cells (in vitro)	[PMID: 8648614]
MT4	EC₅₀	0.018 μM Compound: 1	Antiviral activity was measured on HIV-1 in MT-4 cells Antiviral activity was measured on HIV-1 in MT-4 cells	[PMID: 9554875]
MT4	EC₅₀	0.022 μM Compound: 1	Antiviral activity was measured on HIV-2 in MT-4 cells Antiviral activity was measured on HIV-2 in MT-4 cells	[PMID: 9554875]
MT4	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: d4T	Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in MT-4 cells infected with HIV-1 Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in MT-4 cells infected with HIV-1	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00525-7
MT4	EC₅₀	0.28 μM Compound: d4T	Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in MT-4 cells infected with HIV-1 Tested in vitro for the antiviral activity in MT-4 cells infected with HIV-1	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00525-7
MT4	IC₅₀	1.2 μM Compound: 1	Concentration required for the inhibition of HIV replication by 50% in MT-4 cells Concentration required for the inhibition of HIV replication by 50% in MT-4 cells	10.1016/S0960-894X(00)80147-X
SUP-T1	EC₅₀	136.1 μM Compound: d4T, Stavudine	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B infected in human SupT1 cells by cell-associated transmission assay Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B infected in human SupT1 cells by cell-associated transmission assay	[PMID: 21382714]
WI-38	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Stavudine	Cytotoxicity against human WI38 cells by neutral red assay Cytotoxicity against human WI38 cells by neutral red assay	[PMID: 18285481]
WI-38	EC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Stavudine	Antimicrobial activity against BK polyomavirus ATCC VR837 infected in human WI38 cells assessed as reduction in viral titer after 7 days by PCR analysis Antimicrobial activity against BK polyomavirus ATCC VR837 infected in human WI38 cells assessed as reduction in viral titer after 7 days by PCR analysis	[PMID: 18285481]

In Vitro

Stavudine (d4T) (50 μM) significantly reduces the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome gene, IL-18 production and Aβ 42-stimulated cellular production of IL-1β in THP-1 derived macrophages^[3].
Stavudine (d4T) (50 μM) inhibits the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex and down-regulates the phagocytosis of Aβ 42 by macrophages^[3].
Stavudine (d4T) (10 μM, 7 or 14 days) significantly induced CEM cells apoptosis, especially after 14 days, and increases hydrogen peroxide levels^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Stavudine (d4T) (500 mg/kg, daily liquid, 2 weeks) can rapidly induce fat depletion and mild liver damage at high dose in male RjOrl Swiss mice^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Male RjOrl Swiss mice weighing 0.028-0.03 kg^[1]
Dosage:

500 mg/kg
Administration:

Daily liquid; 2 weeks
Result:

Reduced fat weight gain by 58%, 5.7 g in the control group and 4.9 g in the d4T treated group.
Significantly elevated plasma ALT and LDH levels.
Reduced plasma acetoacetic acid and beta-hydroxybutyric acid levels.
Reduced liver and muscle mtDNA levels at high dose concentration of 500 mg/kg.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 3056-17-5
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 224.22
Formula C₁₀H₁₂N₂O₄
Color White to off-white
SMILES

OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](N2C=C(C)C(NC2=O)=O)C=C1
Synonyms

d4T
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	1 year
	-20°C	6 months

Publications (4)

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Toxicology

Stavudine exposure results in developmental abnormalities by causing DNA damage, inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in mouse embryos. [Abstract]

2020 Jun:439:152443. PMID: 32278789
Int J Antimicrob Agents

Efficacy of antiretroviral compounds against Toxoplasma gondii in vitro. [Abstract]

2019 Dec;54(6):814-819. PMID: 31479744
ACS Infect Dis

Targeting the Rift Valley Fever Virus Polymerase: Resistance Mechanisms and Structural Insights. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 30. PMID: 41166549
Biotechnol Bioeng

An integrated biomimetic array chip for establishment of collagen-based 3D primary human hepatocyte model for prediction of clinical drug-induced liver injury. [Abstract]

2021 Dec;118(12):4687-4698. PMID: 34478150

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (445.99 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 16.67 mg/mL (74.35 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

4.4599 mL

22.2995 mL

44.5991 mL

5 mM

0.8920 mL

4.4599 mL

8.9198 mL

10 mM

0.4460 mL

2.2300 mL

4.4599 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.15 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.15 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.15 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 120 mg/mL (535.19 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (281 KB)
SDS (419 KB)
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- Français - FR (419 KB)
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- Portuguese - PT (419 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Moyle GJ, et al. The role of stavudine in the management of adults with HIV infection. Antivir Ther. 1997;2(4):207-218. [Content Brief]

[2]. Riddler SA, et al. Antiretroviral activity of stavudine (2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine, D4T). Antiviral Res. 1995;27(3):189-203. [Content Brief]

[3]. La Rosa F, et al. Stavudine Reduces NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Modulates Amyloid-β Autophagy. J Alzheimers Dis. 2019;72(2):401-412. [Content Brief]

[4]. Ferraresi R, et al. Protective effect of acetyl-L-carnitine against oxidative stress induced by antiretroviral drugs. FEBS Lett. 2006;580(28-29):6612-6616. [Content Brief]

[5]. Anissa Igoudjil, et al. High doses of stavudine induce fat wasting and mild liver damage without impairing mitochondrial respiration in mice. Antivir Ther. 2007;12(3):389-400. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	4.4599 mL	22.2995 mL	44.5991 mL	111.4976 mL
	5 mM	0.8920 mL	4.4599 mL	8.9198 mL	22.2995 mL
	10 mM	0.4460 mL	2.2300 mL	4.4599 mL	11.1498 mL
	15 mM	0.2973 mL	1.4866 mL	2.9733 mL	7.4332 mL
	20 mM	0.2230 mL	1.1150 mL	2.2300 mL	5.5749 mL
	25 mM	0.1784 mL	0.8920 mL	1.7840 mL	4.4599 mL
	30 mM	0.1487 mL	0.7433 mL	1.4866 mL	3.7166 mL
	40 mM	0.1115 mL	0.5575 mL	1.1150 mL	2.7874 mL
	50 mM	0.0892 mL	0.4460 mL	0.8920 mL	2.2300 mL
	60 mM	0.0743 mL	0.3717 mL	0.7433 mL	1.8583 mL
DMSO	80 mM	0.0557 mL	0.2787 mL	0.5575 mL	1.3937 mL
DMSO	100 mM	0.0446 mL	0.2230 mL	0.4460 mL	1.1150 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Stavudine

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Stavudine

All HIV Isoforms

All NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (4)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Stavudine Related Classifications

HY-B0116 Related Classifications