2. シグナル伝達
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
製品番号 製品名 製品効果 純度 構造式
  • HY-126307
    Urolithin B

    Urolithin B

    		99.85%
    Urolithin B is one of Ellagitannins' slow microbial products, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Urolithin B suppresses NF-κB activity. Urolithin B suppresses JNK, ERK and Akt's oxidation, and increases AMPK's oxidation. Urolithin B is also a quantitative change factor for bone and skin quality.
    Urolithin B
  • HY-20685
    Palmitoylethanolamide

    Palmitoylethanolamide

    		99.94%
    Palmitoylethanolamide (Palmidrol) is an active endogenous compound which can used for preventing virus infection of the respiratory tract.
    Palmitoylethanolamide
  • HY-114245
    Se-Methylselenocysteine 99.95%
    Se-Methylselenocysteine, a precursor of Methylselenol, has potent cancer chemopreventive activity and anti-oxidant activity. Se-Methylselenocysteine is orally bioavailable, and induces apoptosis.
    Se-Methylselenocysteine
  • HY-W004461
    S-Methyl thiomethanesulfonate 99.87%
    S-Methyl thiomethanesulfonate (MMTS) is a sulfur-containing volatile organic compound produced by plants and bacteria and is an effective anti-oomycete agent.
    S-Methyl thiomethanesulfonate
  • HY-N0083
    Betulin

    ベツリン

    		98.0%
    Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line.
    Betulin
  • HY-E70306
    Zymolyase, Arthrobacter luteus
    Zymolyase, Arthrobacter luteus, is a zymolyase mainly found in Arthrobacter luteus. Enzyme, an enzyme with beta-1,3 glucanase activity, removes the electron-dense outer layer of the Plasmodium karinii cell wall, exposing an electron-lucent layer.
    Zymolyase, Arthrobacter luteus
  • HY-P2739
    Citrate synthase
    Citrate synthase is responsible for catalyzing the first reaction of the citric acid cycle: the condensation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate. Citrate synthase is localized within eukaryotic cells in the mitochondrial matrix.
    Citrate synthase
  • HY-113527
    TRIA-662

    TRIA-662

    		99.90%
    TRIA-662 (1-Methylnicotinamide chloride) is an endogenous metabolite. TRIA-662 shows antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory activities.
    TRIA-662
  • HY-133707
    β-Muricholic acid

    β-Muricholic acid

    		99.92%
    β-Muricholic acid is a potent and orally active biliary cholesterol-desaturating agent. β-Muricholic acid prevents cholesterol gallstones. β-Muricholic acid inhibits lipid accumulation. β-Muricholic acid has the potential for the research of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
    β-Muricholic acid
  • HY-W016498
    Paraxanthine

    パラキサンチン

    		99.99%
    Paraxanthine, a caffeine metabolite, provides protection against Dopaminergic cell death via stimulation of Ryanodine Receptor Channels.
    Paraxanthine
  • HY-N0215S12
    L-Phenylalanine-d5

    L-Phenylalanine-d5

    		99.90%
    L-Phenylalanine-d5 is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a Ki of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals.
    L-Phenylalanine-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-W004283
    Pentadecanoic acid

    ペンタデカン酸

    		99.94%
    Pentadecylic acid is a saturated fatty acid with a 15-carbon backbone.
    Pentadecanoic acid
  • HY-Y1069
    (S)-Malic acid

    L-リンゴ酸

    		99.82%
    (S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid in naturally occurring form, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive.
    (S)-Malic acid
  • HY-W010832
    Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt

    Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt

    		99.61%
    Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt is a potent, selective P2Y6 receptor native agonist (EC50=300 nM; pEC50=6.52 for human P2Y6 receptor). Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt, an endogenous metabolite, catalyzes the glucuronidation of a wide array of substrates and is used in nucleic acid (RNA) biosynthesis.
    Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt
  • HY-113216
    Asymmetric dimethylarginine

    Asymmetric dimethylarginine

    		99.86%
    Asymmetric dimethylarginine is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and functions as a marker of endothelial dysfunction in a number of pathological states.
    Asymmetric dimethylarginine
  • HY-A0143
    Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid

    Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid

    		99.77%
    Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) is a 20-carbon ω-6 fatty acid, with anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid attenuates atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein E deficient mouse model system.
    Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid
  • HY-Y0351
    Phenylthiourea

    Phenylthiourea

    		99.26%
    Phenylthiourea (Phenylthiocarbamide) is an inhibitor for phenoloxidase. Phenylthiourea inhibits enzymatic oxidation of DOPA by phenoloxidase (Ki = 0.21 μM). Phenylthiourea is an effective inhibitor for tyrosinase. Phenylthiourea can lead to graying of hair in black rats due to the interference with melanin formation.
    Phenylthiourea
  • HY-130705A
    Tachysterol 3 99.68%
    Tachysterol 3 is a photoproduct of Previtamin D3 (HY-130705). Previtamin D3 is an orally active, thermolabile steroidal compound that generates vitamin D3, as well as biologically inactive lumisterol and tachysterol. Previtamin D3 is synthesized in the skin of humans and rats via the UV-B-mediated photoconversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol. Previtamin D3 lacks direct anti-rachitic activity, and its in vivo activity relies on the vitamin D3 it produces. Previtamin D3 can be used in studies related to rickets and vitamin D metabolism.
    Tachysterol 3
  • HY-N0614
    Sucralose

    スクラロース

    		98.0%
    Sucralose (E955; Trichlorosucrose) is a non-nutritive artificial sweetener and sugar substitute. Sucralose can activate a conserved neural fasting response and thereby exerts an appetite-stimulating effect in rodents.
    Sucralose
  • HY-40135
    L-Hydroxyproline

    L-ヒドロキシプロリン

    		99.89%
    L-Hydroxyproline, one of the hydroxyproline (Hyp) isomers, is a useful chiral building block in the production of many pharmaceuticals.
    L-Hydroxyproline
製品番号 製品名 / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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