2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-14397A
    Indomethacin sodium hydrate
    		Inhibitor 99.80%
    Indomethacin (Indometacin) sodium hydrateis a potent, orally active COX1/2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 18 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Indomethacin sodium hydrateis has anticancer activity and anti-infective activity. Indomethacin sodium hydrateis can be used for cancer, inflammation and viral infection research.
    Indomethacin sodium hydrate
  • HY-N0147
    Rutaecarpine
    		Inhibitor 99.00%
    Rutaecarpine, an alkaloid of Evodia rutaecarpa, is an inhibitor of COX-2 with an IC50 value of 0.28 μM.
    Rutaecarpine
  • HY-B0167A
    Sodium Salicylate
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    Sodium Salicylate (Salicylic acid sodium salt) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation. Sodium Salicylate is also a S6K inhibitor.Sodium Salicylate is a NF-κB inhibitor that decreases inflammatory gene expression and improves repair in aged muscle.
    Sodium Salicylate
  • HY-B0363
    Nimesulide
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Nimesulide is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, with IC50s of 70 nM-70 μM in a time-dependent manner, but it shows no effect on COX-1 (IC50 >100 μM). Nimesulide has potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties.
    Nimesulide
  • HY-N0767
    Isoorientin
    		Inhibitor 99.26%
    Isoorientin is a potent inhibitor of COX-2 with an IC50 value of 39 μM.
    Isoorientin
  • HY-N0904
    Ginsenoside C-K
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Ginsenoside C-K, a bacterial metabolite of G-Rb1, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by reducing iNOS and COX-2. Ginsenoside C-K exhibits an inhibition against the activity of CYP2C9 and CYP2A6 in human liver microsomes with IC50s of 32.0±3.6 μM and 63.6±4.2 μM, respectively.
    Ginsenoside C-K
  • HY-B0760
    Fenofibric acid
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Fenofibric acid, an active metabolite of fenofibrate, is a PPAR activitor, with EC50s of 22.4 µM, 1.47 µM, and 1.06 µM for PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ, respectively; Fenofibric acid also inhibits COX-2 enzyme activity, with an IC50 of 48 nM.
    Fenofibric acid
  • HY-B0574
    Mefenamic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, acting as a competitive inhibitor of hCOX-1 and hCOX-2, with IC50s of 40 nM and 3 μM for hCOX-1 and hCOX-2, respectively.
    Mefenamic acid
  • HY-78131A
    (S)-(+)-Ibuprofen
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    (S)-(+)-Ibuprofen ((S)-Ibuprofen), a S(+)-enantiomer of Ibuprofen, is a potent COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor with IC50s of 2.1 μM and 1.6 μM, respectively. (S)-(+)-Ibuprofen has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antipyretic effects.
    (S)-(+)-Ibuprofen
  • HY-N0635
    Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin exerts anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression by through regulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling.
    Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin
  • HY-18763
    Indobufen
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Indobufen is a platelet aggregation inhibitor. Indobufen is a reversible platelet cyclooxygenase (Cox) activity inhibitor. Indobufen suppresses thromboxane A2 (TxA2) synthesis. Indobufen down-regulates tissue factor (TF) in monocytes.
    Indobufen
  • HY-N6607
    Tryptanthrin
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    Tryptanthrin is an indole quinazoline that could be an alkaloid from indigo-bearing plants. Tryptanthrin is a potent and orally active cellular Leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis inhibitor. Tryptanthrin has anticancer activity. Tryptanthrin suppresses the expression levels of NOS1, COX-2, and NF-κB and regulates the expression levels of IL-2, IL-10, and TNF-α.
    Tryptanthrin
  • HY-N0396
    Harpagoside
    		Inhibitor 99.41%
    Harpagoside can be obtained by Harpagophytum procumbens, which has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, protective activity, and efficacy. Harpagoside has an inhibitory effect on COX-1 and COX-2 active, and suppresses NO production. Harpagoside inhibits HepG2 cell lipid polysaccharide, which is a protein that is expressed horizontally and selectively, and has anti-inflammatory and latent pain effects. Harpagoside has the ability to protect the body, and has a degenerative effect on the β-oxidation (Aβ).
    Harpagoside
  • HY-W015007
    Metyrosine
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Metyrosine is a selective tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme inhibitor. Metyrosine exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerative effects. Metyrosine significantly inhibits high COX-2 activity. Metyrosine is a very effective agent for blood pressure control.
    Metyrosine
  • HY-N0898A
    (-)-Catechin
    		Inhibitor 98.78%
    (-)-Catechin is Catechin's one kind of different structure. Catechin inhibitory enzyme-1 (COX-1), IC50 为 1.4 μM. (-)-Catechin promotes hBM-MSC adipose cell differentiation, increases fat cell differentiation, and PPARγ level.
    (-)-Catechin
  • HY-N1996
    Chebulagic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.67%
    Chebulagic acid is a COX-LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz, on angiogenesis. Chebulagic acid is a M2 serine to asparagine 31 mutation (S31N) inhibitor and influenza antiviral. Chebulagic acid also against SARS-CoV-2 viral replication with an EC50 of 9.76 μM.
    Chebulagic acid
  • HY-17372
    Rofecoxib
    		Inhibitor 99.84%
    Rofecoxib is a potent, specific and orally active COX-2 inhibitor, with IC50s of 26 and 18 nM for human COX-2 in human osteosarcoma cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells, with a 1000-fold selectivity for COX-2 over human COX-1 (IC50 > 50 μM in U937 cells and > 15 μM in Chinese hamster ovary cells).
    Rofecoxib
  • HY-N0908
    Ginsenoside Rg5
    		Inhibitor 99.86%
    Ginsenoside Rg5 is the main component of Red ginseng and IGF-1R agonist. Ginsenoside Rg5 compets for the binding site of IGF-1R and blocks the binding of IGF-1 to IGF-1R (IC50 about 90 nM). Ginsenoside Rg5 also inhibits the mRNA expression of COX-2 via suppression of the DNA binding activities of NF-κB p65.
    Ginsenoside Rg5
  • HY-18342
    Diflunisal
    		Inhibitor 99.91%
    Diflunisal (MK-647) is a salicylate derivative with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and uricosuric properties, which is used alone as an analgesic and in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The mechanism of action of diflunisal is as a Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibitor.
    Diflunisal
  • HY-N1380
    Guaiacol
    		Inhibitor 99.41%
    Guaiacol, a phenolic compound, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory activity.
    Guaiacol
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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