Cat. No.: HY-B0760

Fenofibric acid

(Synonyms: FNF acid)

3 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Fenofibric acid, an active metabolite of fenofibrate, is a PPAR activitor, with EC₅₀s of 22.4 μM, 1.47 μM, and 1.06 μM for PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ, respectively; Fenofibric acid also inhibits COX-2 enzyme activity, with an IC₅₀ of 48 nM.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.94%
CAS No.: 42017-89-0
Formula: C₁₇H₁₅ClO₄
Molecular Weight:318.76

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

Fenofibric acid Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 42017-89-0

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (3)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]^[2]

PPARδ

1.06 μM (EC₅₀)

PPARγ

1.47 μM (EC₅₀)

PPARα

22.4 μM (EC₅₀)

COX-2

48 μM (IC₅₀)

All PPAR Isoforms :

All COX Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
BHK-21	EC₅₀	217 μM Compound: Fenofibric acid	Agonist activity at human PPARgamma expressed in BHK21 cells assessed as SEAP activity by luciferase reporter transactivation assay Agonist activity at human PPARgamma expressed in BHK21 cells assessed as SEAP activity by luciferase reporter transactivation assay	[PMID: 19349176]
CHO	EC₅₀	12 μM Compound: Fenofibric acid	Partial agonist activity at human PPARalpha expressed in CHO cells co-transfected with Gal4-responsive luciferase reporter plasmid after 24 hrs by transactivation assay Partial agonist activity at human PPARalpha expressed in CHO cells co-transfected with Gal4-responsive luciferase reporter plasmid after 24 hrs by transactivation assay	[PMID: 21377875]
COS-1	EC₅₀	12 μM Compound: Fenofibric acid	Agonist activity at human PPARalpha ligand binding domain expressed in COS-1 cells co-transfected with Gal4 by luciferase reporter gene assay Agonist activity at human PPARalpha ligand binding domain expressed in COS-1 cells co-transfected with Gal4 by luciferase reporter gene assay	[PMID: 21130649]
CV-1	EC₅₀	18 μM Compound: 2b	Compound was tested for its agonist activity against murine Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha-Gal4 chimeric receptor transfected CV-1 cells Compound was tested for its agonist activity against murine Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha-Gal4 chimeric receptor transfected CV-1 cells	[PMID: 10508427]
CV-1	EC₅₀	250 μM Compound: 2b	Compound was tested for its agonist activity against murine Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma-Gal4 chimeric receptor in transfected CV-1 cells Compound was tested for its agonist activity against murine Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma-Gal4 chimeric receptor in transfected CV-1 cells	[PMID: 10508427]
CV-1	EC₅₀	30 μM Compound: 2b	Compound was tested for agonist activity on human Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha-Gal4 chimeric receptor in transfected CV-1 cells Compound was tested for agonist activity on human Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha-Gal4 chimeric receptor in transfected CV-1 cells	[PMID: 10508427]
CV-1	EC₅₀	300 μM Compound: 2b	Compound was tested for agonist activity on human Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma-Gal4 chimeric receptor in transfected CV-1 cells Compound was tested for agonist activity on human Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma-Gal4 chimeric receptor in transfected CV-1 cells	[PMID: 10508427]
CV-1	EC₅₀	2646 nM Compound: 1b, Fenofibric acid	Activity at human PPARalpha in CV1 cells Activity at human PPARalpha in CV1 cells	[PMID: 17005394]
CV-1	EC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: fenofibric acid	Agonist activity at human PPARalpha expressed in CV1 cells by transactivation assay Agonist activity at human PPARalpha expressed in CV1 cells by transactivation assay	[PMID: 17964792]
CV-1	EC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: fenofibric acid	Agonist activity at human PPARdelta expressed in CV1 cells by transactivation assay Agonist activity at human PPARdelta expressed in CV1 cells by transactivation assay	[PMID: 17964792]
CV-1	EC₅₀	100 μM Compound: fenofibric acid	Agonist activity at human PPARgamma expressed in CV1 cells by transactivation assay Agonist activity at human PPARgamma expressed in CV1 cells by transactivation assay	[PMID: 17964792]
CV-1	EC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1b, fenofibric acid	Agonist activity at human PPARdelta expressed in monkey CV1 cells by transactivation assay Agonist activity at human PPARdelta expressed in monkey CV1 cells by transactivation assay	[PMID: 18280733]
CV-1	EC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1b, fenofibric acid	Agonist activity at human PPARgamma expressed in monkey CV1 cells by transactivation assay Agonist activity at human PPARgamma expressed in monkey CV1 cells by transactivation assay	[PMID: 18280733]
CV-1	EC₅₀	30 μM Compound: 1b, fenofibric acid	Agonist activity at human PPARalpha expressed in monkey CV1 cells by transactivation assay Agonist activity at human PPARalpha expressed in monkey CV1 cells by transactivation assay	[PMID: 18280733]
HEK293	EC₅₀	9.2 μM Compound: 13, FA	Agonist activity at human recombinant PPARalpha by transactivation of TK-MH100x4-LUC reporter gene in HEK293 cells Agonist activity at human recombinant PPARalpha by transactivation of TK-MH100x4-LUC reporter gene in HEK293 cells	[PMID: 16617018]
HEK293	EC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: fenofibricacid	Activity at human liver PPAR alpha expressed in HEK293 cells by PPAR-GAL4 transactivation assay Activity at human liver PPAR alpha expressed in HEK293 cells by PPAR-GAL4 transactivation assay	[PMID: 17343371]
HEK293	EC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: fenofibricacid	Activity at human placenta PPAR delta expressed in HEK293 cells by PPAR-GAL4 transactivation assay Activity at human placenta PPAR delta expressed in HEK293 cells by PPAR-GAL4 transactivation assay	[PMID: 17343371]
HepG2	EC₅₀	30 μM Compound: fenofibric acid	Agonist activity at GAL4-tagged human PPARalpha ligand binding domain expressed in human HepG2 cells assessed as receptor transactivation by luciferase reporter gene assay Agonist activity at GAL4-tagged human PPARalpha ligand binding domain expressed in human HepG2 cells assessed as receptor transactivation by luciferase reporter gene assay	[PMID: 19775169]
HepG2	EC₅₀	300 μM Compound: fenofibric acid	Agonist activity at GAL4-tagged human PPARgamma ligand binding domain expressed in human HepG2 cells assessed as receptor transactivation by luciferase reporter gene assay Agonist activity at GAL4-tagged human PPARgamma ligand binding domain expressed in human HepG2 cells assessed as receptor transactivation by luciferase reporter gene assay	[PMID: 19775169]
L6	EC₅₀	3 μM Compound: fenofibricacid	Effect on fatty acid oxidation in rat L6 cells Effect on fatty acid oxidation in rat L6 cells	[PMID: 17343371]
Sf9	IC₅₀	950 μM Compound: 20	Inhibition of human recombinant COX1 expressed in Sf9 cell microsomes assessed as reduction in conversion of arachidonic acid to PGE2 incubated for 5 mins by HTRF assay Inhibition of human recombinant COX1 expressed in Sf9 cell microsomes assessed as reduction in conversion of arachidonic acid to PGE2 incubated for 5 mins by HTRF assay	[PMID: 27046190]

In Vitro

Fenofibric acid is a PPAR activitor, with EC₅₀s of 22.4 μM, 1.47 μM, and 1.06 μM for PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ, respectively^[1]. Fenofibric acid (10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 nM) dose-dependently inhibits COX-2 enzyme, with IC₅₀ of 48 nM^[2]. Fenofibric acid (500 nM) reduces abundance of AOX1 protein in HepG2 cells^[3]. Fenofibric acid (100 μM) decreases JNK1/2, c-Jun, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and prevents the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and disruption of blood retinal barrier (BRB) in response to the combination of high-glucose (HG) and hypoxia in ARPE-19 cells. Fenofibric acid (100 μM) activates IGF-IR/Akt/ERK1/2-mediated survival signaling pathways in ARPE-19 cells under HG conditions and hypoxia^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Fenofibric acid (1, 5, 10 mg/kg, p.o.) shows anti-inflammatory activity in Wistar rats with acute inflammation induced by carrageenan^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 42017-89-0
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 318.76
Formula C₁₇H₁₅ClO₄
Color White to off-white
SMILES

CC(C)(OC1=CC=C(C(C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)=O)C=C1)C(O)=O
Synonyms

FNF acid
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Publications (3)

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Cell Metab

The enedioic acid analog 326E alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis via dual targeting at ACLY and PPARα. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 22:S1550-4131(25)00396-1. PMID: 41130202
Br J Pharmacol

Fenofibrate potentiates the therapeutic efficacy of EZH2 inhibitors on melanoma via TRIM21- and OTUD4-mediated EZH2 ubiquitination. [Abstract]

2026 Jun;183(11):2675-2694. PMID: 41652905
Eur J Med Chem

Design, synthesis and anti-diabetic evaluation of novel PPAR agonists based on functional group-oriented strategy. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 9:301:118226. PMID: 41075607

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (313.72 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.1372 mL

15.6858 mL

31.3716 mL

5 mM

0.6274 mL

3.1372 mL

6.2743 mL

10 mM

0.3137 mL

1.5686 mL

3.1372 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.84 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.84 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Cell Assay^[4]

ARPE-19 cells are cultured under normoglycemic (5.5 mM D-glucose) or hyperglycemic (25 mM D-glucose) conditions for 18 days at 37°C under 5% (v/v) CO₂ in medium DMEM/F12 supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal serum (FS) and penicillin/streptomycin. ARPE-19 cells are used and the media is changed every 3-4 days. The conditions tested are: (1) Control cells which are maintained in 5.5 mM D-glucose (normal glucose) for 18 days. (2) Cells cultured in 5.5 mM D-glucose treated with 100 µM Fenofibric acid for 72 h (days 16, 17, and 18; 1 application/day). (3) Cells cultured as in (1) or (2) and submitted to hypoxia (1% oxygen) for the last 6 or 24 h. (4) Cells maintained in 25 mM D-glucose (HG) for 18 days. (5) Cells cultured in 25 mM D-glucose treated with 100 µM Fenofibric acid for 72 h (days 16, 17, and 18; 1 application/day). (6)Cells cultured as in (4) or (5) and submitted to hypoxia (1% oxygen) for the last 6 or 24 h^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration^[2]

The anti-inflammatory activity of fenofibrate and its active metabolite fenofibric acid is assessed by injecting 0.1 mL of 1% carrageenan solution prepared in saline (sub-plantar) to the right hind paw of the rats. Rats are divided into 6 groups of six animals each. The first group serves as negative control and receives 1% tween-80 in distilled water, 10 mL/kg body mass. Group 2 and 3 receive a single dose of fenofibrate and standard drug diclofenac at 10 mg/kg body mass, whereas groups 4, 5, and 6 receive 3 doses of Fenofibric acid at 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg body mass, respectively. All the drugs are given orally using gavages 60 min before the injection of 0.1 mL of 1% carrageenan through sub-plantar route. The volume of oedema of test and control groups is measured using plethysmometer at 0, 1, 2, and 3 h after induction of inflammation^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (278 KB)
SDS (597 KB)
- English - EN (597 KB)
- Français - FR (597 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (597 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (597 KB)
- Español - ES (597 KB)
- Swedish - SV (597 KB)
- Italian - IT (597 KB)
- Korean - KR (597 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (597 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Dietz M, et al. Comparative molecular profiling of the PPARα/γ activator aleglitazar: PPAR selectivity, activity and interaction with cofactors. ChemMedChem. 2012 Jun;7(6):1101-11. [Content Brief]

[2]. Prasad GS, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of anti-hyperlipidemic drug, fenofibrate, and its phase-I metabolite fenofibric acid: in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies. Inflammopharmacology. 2017 Dec 13. [Content Brief]

[3]. Neumeier M, et al. Aldehyde oxidase 1 is highly abundant in hepatic steatosis and is downregulated by adiponectin and fenofibric acid in hepatocytes in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Nov 24;350(3):731-5. Epub 2006 Sep 27. [Content Brief]

[4]. Miranda S, et al. Beneficial effects of fenofibrate in retinal pigment epithelium by the modulation of stress and survival signaling under diabetic conditions. J Cell Physiol. 2012 Jun;227(6):2352-62. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	3.1372 mL	15.6858 mL	31.3716 mL	78.4289 mL
	5 mM	0.6274 mL	3.1372 mL	6.2743 mL	15.6858 mL
	10 mM	0.3137 mL	1.5686 mL	3.1372 mL	7.8429 mL
	15 mM	0.2091 mL	1.0457 mL	2.0914 mL	5.2286 mL
	20 mM	0.1569 mL	0.7843 mL	1.5686 mL	3.9214 mL
	25 mM	0.1255 mL	0.6274 mL	1.2549 mL	3.1372 mL
	30 mM	0.1046 mL	0.5229 mL	1.0457 mL	2.6143 mL
	40 mM	0.0784 mL	0.3921 mL	0.7843 mL	1.9607 mL
	50 mM	0.0627 mL	0.3137 mL	0.6274 mL	1.5686 mL
	60 mM	0.0523 mL	0.2614 mL	0.5229 mL	1.3071 mL
	80 mM	0.0392 mL	0.1961 mL	0.3921 mL	0.9804 mL
	100 mM	0.0314 mL	0.1569 mL	0.3137 mL	0.7843 mL

Keywords

Fenofibric acid

3 Cited Publications

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Fenofibric acid

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Fenofibric acid

All PPAR Isoforms

All COX Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (3)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Fenofibric acid Related Classifications

HY-B0760 Related Classifications