2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N2518
    Agnuside
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Agnuside is used in the study of asthma, inflammation, and angiogenic diseases. Agnuside is an orally active compound that can be extracted from Vitex negundo.
    Agnuside
  • HY-N2434
    [10]-Shogaol
    		Inhibitor 99.78%
    [10]-Shogaol is an orally active antioxidant. [10]-Shogaol can be extracted from ginger (Zingiber officinale). [10]-Shogaol1 inhibits COX-2 with an IC50 value of 7.5 μM. [10]-Shogaol inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6). [10]-Shogaol inhibits NF-κB phosphorylation. [10]-Shogaol has anti-inflammatory effects. [10]-Shogaol has anticancer effects against Docetaxel (HY-B0011)-resistant prostate cancer. [10]-Shogaol exhibits larvicidal activity against L5 larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
    [10]-Shogaol
  • HY-N0261
    Aurantio-obtusin
    		Inhibitor 99.39%
    Aurantio-obtusin is a anthraquinone compound that can be extracted from cassia seed. Aurantio-obtusin has the effects of decreasing blood pressure, decreasing blood lipids and anti-inflammatory.Aurantio-obtusin is an orally active vasodilator. Aurantio-obtusin ameliorates hepatic steatosis through AMPK/ autophagy- and AMPK/TFEB mediated inhibition of lipid accumulation.
    Aurantio-obtusin
  • HY-N6031
    Dendrophenol
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Dendrophenol (Moscatilin) is a NF-κB inhibitor that inhibits inflammation. Dendrophenol exerts potent cytotoxic effect against tumor cells and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Dendrophenol has antitumor activity. In addition, Dendrophenol can inhibit vascular calcification by inhibiting the activation of WNT3/β-catenin.
    Dendrophenol
  • HY-N7148S
    α-Vitamin E-d6
    		99.53%
    α-Vitamin E-d6 is the deuterium labeled α-Vitamin E.
    α-Vitamin E-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N6084
    Humulone
    		Inhibitor 99.46%
    Humulone (α-Lupulic acid), a prenylated phloroglucinol derivative, is a potent cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. Humulone acts as a positive modulator of GABAA receptor at low micromolar concentrations. Humulone is an inhibitor of bone resorption. Humulone possesses antioxidant, anti-angiogenic and apoptosis-inducing properties.
    Humulone
  • HY-109547
    Diclofenac epolamine
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    Flector Patch (Diclofenac epolamine) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Flector Patch is used for relieving arthritis Pain, acute Pain, osteoarthritis, and actinic Keratosis. Flector Patch has good skin absorption characteristics without local adverse reactions and allergies.
    Diclofenac epolamine
  • HY-B1153A
    Glafenine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.03%
    Glafenine (Glafenin) hydrochloride is a non-selective, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-based COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor. Glafenine hydrochloride exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-cell migration effects by inhibiting the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway and reducing prostaglandin synthesis. Glafenine hydrochloride can induce cell cycle arrest in vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells and reduce the synthesis of the extracellular matrix protein Tenascin. Glafenine hydrochloride can be used in the research of inflammatory-related diseases, vascular restenosis and cystic fibrosis (CF).
    Glafenine hydrochloride
  • HY-B0167R
    Salicylic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Salicylic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Salicylic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Salicylic acid (2-Hydroxybenzoic acid) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation.
    Salicylic acid (Standard)
  • HY-W010983
    SC-236
    		Inhibitor 99.59%
    SC-236 is an orally active COX-2 specific inhibitor (IC50 = 10 nM) and a PPARγ agonist. SC-236 suppresses activator protein-1 (AP-1) through c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase. SC-236 exerts anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing phosphorylation of ERK in a murine model.
    SC-236
  • HY-76383
    LR-90
    		Inhibitor 99.24%
    LR-90 is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitor, inhibits inflammatory responses in human monocytes. LR-90 is also used in the research of diabetic animal model.
    LR-90
  • HY-B1799
    Tolmetin
    		Inhibitor 99.54%
    Tolmetin is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor with IC50s of 0.35 μM and 0.82 μM human COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Tolmetin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
    Tolmetin
  • HY-B1355A
    Oxyphenbutazone
    		Inhibitor 99.0%
    Oxyphenbutazone is a Phenylbutazone (HY-B0230) metabolite, with anti-inflammatory effect. Oxyphenbutazone is an orally active non-selective COX inhibitor. Oxyphenbutazone selectively kills non-replicating Mycobaterium tuberculosis.
    Oxyphenbutazone
  • HY-N0355
    (+)-Catechin hydrate
    		Inhibitor 99.59%
    (+)-Catechin hydrate inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 1.4 μM.
    (+)-Catechin hydrate
  • HY-B0578
    Loxoprofen
    		Inhibitor 99.57%
    Loxoprofen is a non-steroidal, orally active anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and anti-pyretic properties. Loxoprofen is a nonselective COX inhibitor with IC50s of 6.5 and 13.5 μM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Loxoprofen can reduce atherosclerosis and shows antitumor activity.
    Loxoprofen
  • HY-N0896
    Inulicin
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Inulicin (1-O-Acetylbritannilactone) is an active compound that inhibits VEGF-mediated activation of Src and FAK. Inulicin (1-O-Acetylbritannilactone) inhibits LPS-induced PGE2 production and COX-2 expression, and NF-κB activation and translocation.
    Inulicin
  • HY-N2420
    Flavokawain A
    		Inhibitor 99.73%
    Flavokawain A is a chalcone compound and an orally active inhibitor of PRMT5 and cytochrome P450. Flavokawain A has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory effects. Flavokawain A can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and induce apoptosis. Flavokawain A can be used in the research of diseases such as bladder cancer.
    Flavokawain A
  • HY-N0929
    Hexahydrocurcumin
    		Inhibitor 99.70%
    Hexahydrocurcumin is one of the major metabolites of curcumin and a selective, orally active COX-2 inhibitor. Hexahydrocurcumin is inactive against COX-1. Hexahydrocurcumin has antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities.
    Hexahydrocurcumin
  • HY-N2454
    β-Elemonic acid
    		Activator 99.77%
    β-Elemonic acid is a triterpene isolated from Boswellia carterii. β-Elemonic acid induces cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and COX-2 expression and inhibits prolyl endopeptidase. β-Elemonic acid exhibits anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects.
    β-Elemonic acid
  • HY-103387
    DuP-697
    		Inhibitor 99.79%
    DuP-697 is a member of the vicinal diaryl heterocycles and a potent, irreversible, selective and orally active COX-2 inhibitor (IC50 of 10 nM and 800 nM for human COX-2 and COX-1, respectively). DuP-697 exerts antiproliferative (IC50 of 42.8 nM), antiangiogenic and apoptotic effects on HT29 colorectal cancer cells. DuP-697 inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antipyretic effects.
    DuP-697
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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