2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-167710
    CRCD2
    		99.02%
    CRCD2 is a small molecule NT5C2 nucleotidase inhibitor with enhanced 6-mercaptopurine cytotoxic activity. CRCD2 can effectively reverse 6-mercaptopurine resistance caused by mutations in the NT5C2 gene or non-genetic activation mechanisms. CRCD2 combined with 6-mercaptopurine can enhance its cytotoxic activity in NT5C2 wild-type leukemia, showing its potential in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
    CRCD2
  • HY-B0216S
    Ethynyl Estradiol-d4
    		99.00%
    Ethynyl Estradiol-d4 is the deuterium labeled Ethynyl Estradiol. Ethynyl Estradiol (17α-Ethynylestradiol;Ethynylestradiol) is an orally bio-active estrogen used in almost all modern formulations of combined oral contraceptive pills. Ethynyl Estradiol-d4 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    Ethynyl Estradiol-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-N1356
    Reticuline
    		98.89%
    Reticuline shows anti-inflammatory effects through JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Reticuline inhibits mRNA expressions of TNF-α, and IL-6 and reduces the phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT3. Reticuline exhibits cardiovascular effects.
    Reticuline
  • HY-B2162D
    Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken)
    		99.61%
    Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) (Chondroitin polysulfate (from chicken)) is an orally active, sulfated linear polysaccharide extracted from chickens, which belongs to glycosaminoglycans. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) reduces the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and p38MAPK, inhibits the expression of inflammatory cytokines and MMP, and downregulates the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) improves motor function, protects cartilage tissue, reverses chondrocyte aggregation, and regulates the structure of intestinal flora. Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken) can be used in research related to osteoarthritis.
    Chondroitin sulfate (from chicken)
  • HY-N0229R
    L-Alanine (Standard)
    L-Alanine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Alanine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Alanine is a non-essential amino acid, involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases immunity, and provides energy for muscle tissue, brain, and central nervous system. In Vitro: The viability of both hiPSCs, 201B7 cells and ehiPSCs decrease with an increase in L-Alanine concentration, and reach 7.5±1.3% and 3.7±0.7% respectively at 1.2 M of L-Alanine. On the other hand, no decrease in the viability of hFBs and hSkMCs are observed. Although the viability of iCMs slightly decreases along with the increase of the L-Alanine concentration, viability of iCMs at 1.2 M concentration of L-Alanine, 49.4±6.9%, is significantly higher than that of undifferentiated iPSCs, 201B7 cells and ehiPSCs (p< 0.01). The viability of hiPSCs, 201B7 cells and ehiPSCs, drastically decrease even after 2 or 4 h treatment. In contrast, the viability of hFBs fails to decrease at 1, 2, and 4 h and shows a small decrease at 24 h treatment. The viability of 201B7 cells in suspension culture decreases to 11.8±6.0% following treatment with 1.2 M L-Alanine for 2 h, whereas that of hFBs is 72.9±14.2%.
    L-Alanine (Standard)
  • HY-B1340
    Carbadox
    		98.0%
    Carbadox is a quinoxaline-di-N-oxide antibiotic compound which is widely fed to nursery-age pigs to control enteric diseases and improve feed efficiency.
    Carbadox
  • HY-N0610S1
    trans-Cinnamic acid-d7
    		99.98%
    trans-Cinnamic acid-d7 is the deuterium labeled trans-Cinnamic acid. trans-Cinnamic acid is a natural antimicrobial, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 μg/mL against fish pathogen A. sobria, SY-AS1.
    trans-Cinnamic acid-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-101414
    L-DABA
    		99.93%
    L-DABA (L-2,4-Diaminobutyric acid) is a week GABA transaminase inhibitor with an IC50 of larger than 500 μM; exhibits antitumor activity in vivo and in vitro.
    L-DABA
  • HY-N6744
    Chaetoglobosin A
    		99.07%
    Chaetoglobosin A is a secondary metabolite and nematicide. Chaetoglobosin A is produced by Penicillium aquamarinium. Chaetoglobosin A targets Filamentous actin in cells, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest, and inhibiting membrane ruffle formation and cell migration. Chaetoglobosin A preferentially induces Apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Chaetoglobosin A induces dose- and time-dependent death in J2 larvae of the southern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). Chaetoglobosin A can be used in studies related to root-knot nematode disease and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
    Chaetoglobosin A
  • HY-N6787
    5,6-Dihydro-5-methyluracil
    		99.88%
    5,6-Dihydro-5-methyluracil (Dihydrothymine) is an intermediate breakdown product of Thymine (HY-W010450). 5,6-Dihydro-5-methyluracil can be used as a marker of DNA damage. 5,6-Dihydro-5-methyluracil can be used for the research of COVID-19.
    5,6-Dihydro-5-methyluracil
  • HY-118020A
    Loliolide
    		99.92%
    Loliolide (Loliolid) is a β-carotene metabolite. Loliolide reduces caspase 3, 8, 9 expression, enhances PI3K, AKT, SIRT1, inhibits ROS, apoptosis, and blocks NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Loliolide protects mitochondria, reduces oxidative stress, and increases cell viability in neuroblastoma cells. Loliolide can be used for the research of UV-induced skin damage and Parkinson’s disease.
    Loliolide
  • HY-177475
    LysoPC(20:4)
    LysoPC 20:4 (20:4) (1-Arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is a serum metabolite. LysoPC 20:4 (20:4) decreases in tumor-bearing mice, but the reduction is not significant. LysoPC (20:4) can be used in cancer and obesity-related research.
    LysoPC(20:4)
  • HY-B0228S
    Adenosine-d
    		99.97%
    Adenosine-d is the deuterium labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiology, including neuronal activity, vascular function, platelet aggregation, and blood cell regulation.
    Adenosine-d
  • HY-N0367
    Trans-Anethole
    		99.70%
    Trans-Anethole ((E)-Anethole) is an orally active phenylpropene derivative found in Foeniculum vulgare that is estrogenic at low concentrations and cytotoxic at high concentrations in tumor cell lines. Trans-Anethole also has anti-aflatoxin, anti-thrombotic and anti-diabetic activities. Trans-Anethole is an important odor component in plants such as fennel, myrtle, liquorice, and camphor.
    Trans-Anethole
  • HY-N0666A
    L-Aspartic acid potassium
    		98.0%
    Aspartic acid potassium is an amino acid. L-Aspartic aicd potassium is commonly used for preparing prodrugs to target colon and cecal tissues. L-Aspartic aicd potassium commonly used in the study of inflammatory conditions.
    L-Aspartic acid potassium
  • HY-W020790
    Sialyl-Lewis X
    		98.56%
    Sialyl-Lewis X (sLeX) is a sialylated fucosylated tetrasaccharide, an endogenous antigen. Sialyl-Lewis X is a high-affinity ligand for selectins (E-, P-, and L-selectin). Sialyl-Lewis X binds to ELAM-1 and CD62 and has the ability?to inhibits CD62-mediated neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation.
    Sialyl-Lewis X
  • HY-W013713
    Riboflavin phosphate sodium hydrate
    Riboflavine phosphate sodium hydrate (Riboflavine 5'-phosphate sodium hydrate) is a derivative of Riboflavin (vitamin B2) which is an essential nutrient for animals. Riboflavine phosphate sodium hydrate can be used for the research of progressive keratoconus, corneal ectasia and irregular astigmatism. Riboflavine phosphate sodium hydrate is a very effective NAD+-recycling agent.
    Riboflavin phosphate sodium hydrate
  • HY-W017230
    L-Cysteinesulfinic acid monohydrate
    		99.81%
    L-Cysteinesulfinic acid monohydrate is a potent agonist at several rat metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) with pEC50s of 3.92, 4.6, 3.9, 2.7, 4.0, and 3.94 for mGluR1, mGluR5, mGluR2, mGluR4, mGluR6, and mGluR8, respectively.
    L-Cysteinesulfinic acid monohydrate
  • HY-N7404S
    Nε,Nε,Nε-Trimethyllysine-d9 chloride
    Nε,Nε,Nε-Trimethyllysine-d9 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Nε,Nε,Nε-Trimethyllysine (chloride). Nε,Nε,Nε-Trimethyllysine chloride serves as a precursor for gut flora-dependent formation of N,N,N-trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid (TMAVA).
    Nε,Nε,Nε-Trimethyllysine-d<sub>9</sub> chloride
  • HY-N9446
    H-Asn(glcnac-beta-D)-OH
    		98.65%
    H-Asn(glcnac-beta-D)-OH is an endogenous metabolite present in Urine that can be used for the research of NGLY1-CDDG.
    H-Asn(glcnac-beta-D)-OH
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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