2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor
  4. PPAR

PPAR

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors

PPAR

Related Products

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PPARs (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors) are ligand-activated transcription factors of nuclear hormone receptor superfamily comprising of the following three subtypes: PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ. PPARs play essential roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), and tumorigenesis of higher organisms. All PPARs heterodimerize with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and bind to specific regions on the DNA of target genes. Activation of PPAR-α reduces triglyceride level and is involved in regulation of energy homeostasis. Activation of PPAR-γ enhances glucose metabolism, whereas activation of PPAR-β/δ enhances fatty acids metabolism.

PPAR Isoform Specific Products:

PPAR Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-165126
    Schizophyllan
    		Inhibitor
    Schizophyllan (SPG) is an orally active extracellular β-glucan produced by the fungus Schizophyllum commune. Schizophyllan improves mitochondrial function and protects against metabolic liver injury by activating the SIRT3 pathway. Schizophyllan inhibits osteoclastogenesis and promotes osteoblast differentiation by suppressing the phosphorylation of JNK/p38, as well as downregulating PGC1β/PPARγ, c-Fos and NFATc1. Recognized via Dectin-1, schizophyllan enables precise delivery of oligonucleotide drugs and antigens to antigen-presenting cells, thus holding great potential in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and vaccine development.
    Schizophyllan
  • HY-133668
    Monoethyl phthalate
    		Activator 98.58%
    Monoethyl phthalate is an orally active PDX-1 activator and the major hydrolytic metabolite of Diethyl phthalate (HY-Y0284) in vivo, with reproductive toxicity. Monoethyl phthalate targets aromatase (aromatase/CYP19A1) and PPAR to induce cell proliferation. The plasma protein binding rate of Monoethyl phthalate in rats and humans is lower than that of Diethyl phthalate. It exhibits significant enterohepatic circulation in rats and mainly accumulates in liver tissues. Monoethyl phthalate shows no estrogenic activity in estrogen-dependent human breast cancer cells. Monoethyl phthalate can be used in studies of reproductive toxicity and related environmental endocrine disruption mechanisms.
    Monoethyl phthalate
  • HY-143239
    PPARα/γ agonist 1
    		Agonist 99.69%
    PPARα/γ agonist 1 (compound 5b) is a potent and dual PPARα/γ partial agonist with EC50 values of 28 nM and 69 nM for PPARα and PPARγ, respectively. PPARα/γ agonist 1 is a promising prototype for dyslipidemia and diabetes research.
    PPARα/γ agonist 1
  • HY-16086
    Balaglitazone
    		Agonist 99.25%
    Balaglitazone is a selective partial PPARγ agonist with an EC50 of 1.351 μM for human PPARγ.
    Balaglitazone
  • HY-117727A
    Leriglitazone hydrochloride
    		Agonist 99.64%
    Leriglitazone (MIN-102; Hydroxypioglitazone) hydrochloride is an orally active and a BBB-penetrable PPARγ agonist with an EC50 of 9 μM. Leriglitazone hydrochloride, as a regulator of mitochondrial function, has neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Leriglitazone hydrochloride can be used in the study of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.
    Leriglitazone hydrochloride
  • HY-134377
    Bocidelpar
    		Modulator 98.08%
    Bocidelpar (ASP0367; MA-0211) is a selective, orally active PPARδ modulator. Bocidelpar activates the PPARδ downstream signaling pathway, upregulates the expression of target genes such as ABCA1 and ACAA2. Bocidelpar then promotes fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and mitochondrial biogenesis, and improves mitochondrial dysfunction. Bocidelpar can improve mitochondrial biogenesis and function in muscle cells. Bocidelpar is mainly used in the study of mitochondrial dysfunction diseases such as primary mitochondrial myopathy (PMM) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
    Bocidelpar
  • HY-N7082
    D-Arabinopyranose
    		Activator 99.94%
    D-Arabinopyranose is a rare aldehyde pentose, and its ring-opened form is D-arabinose (HY-N0059). D-arabinose is is an orally active antidepressant and a growth inhibitor of C. elegans (IC50 is 7.5 mM). D-arabinose can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, selectively interfere with the metabolism of D-ribose and D-fructose, and inhibit the growth of nematodes. D-arabinose can also inhibit the synthesis of cell biofilm and exert antibacterial activity. D-arabinose activates the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-CRTC1 axis through the lysosomal AXIN-LKB1-AMPK pathway, inducing CRTC1 transcription, exerts antidepressant-like activity. D-arabinose is the ring-opened form of the aldopentose D-?Arabinose (HY-N7082).
    D-Arabinopyranose
  • HY-111616
    GSK1820795A
    		Inhibitor 99.80%
    GSK1820795A, as a telmisartan analog, is a selective hGPR132a antagonist. GSK1820795A blocks activation of yeast cells expressing hGPR132a by N-acylamides. GSK1820795A is also a angiotensin II antagonists and partial PPARγ agonists (compound 38).
    GSK1820795A
  • HY-19383
    Ertiprotafib
    		Agonist 98.13%
    Ertiprotafib is an inhibitor of PTP1B, IkB kinase β (IKK-β), and a dual PPARα and PPARβ agonist, with an IC50 of 1.6 μM for PTP1B, 400 nM for IKK-β, an EC50 of ~1 μM for PPARα/PPARβ.
    Ertiprotafib
  • HY-148352
    BAY-4931
    		Antagonist 98.72%
    BAY-4931 is a potent, covalent and selective PPARγ inverse-agonist with an IC50 of 0.17 nM.
    BAY-4931
  • HY-156010
    PPARγ-IN-2
    		Inhibitor 99.65%
    PPARγ-IN-2 (Compound 5a) is a PPARγ inhibitor. PPARγ-IN-2 inhibits TG accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (EC50: 0.106 μM). PPARγ-IN-2 inhibits high-cholesterol diet (HFC)-induced obesity and related metabolic syndrome, and reduces lipid accumulation in adipose tissue.
    PPARγ-IN-2
  • HY-N0364
    Falcarindiol
    		Activator 99.48%
    Falcarindiol, an orally active polyacetylenic oxylipin, activates PPARγ and increases the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in cells. Falcarindiol induces apoptosis and autophagy. Falcarindiol has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer and antidiabetic properties. Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    Falcarindiol
  • HY-116538
    (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid
    		Activator 99.10%
    (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid (trans-10,cis-12 CLA2) is an orally active PPARα activator and inhibits adipocyte differentiation. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid and its downstream metabolites have various antioxidant and antitumor activities. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid can induce proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which would lead to decreased adipogenesis and insulin resistance in adipose tissue. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid can affect many aspects of milk fat synthesis. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid reduces expression of lipogenic enzymes and inhibits the desaturation of fatty acids. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid can reduce lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes and enhance triacylglycerol release from these cells. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid decreases the expression of hepatic stearoyl-CoA desatyrase mRNA in mice. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid is associated with changes in mucosal NF-κB and Cyclin D1 protein levels in mice.
    (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid
  • HY-B2122
    Maltitol
    		Activator 98.0%
    Maltitol is an orally active polyol and sugar alcohol sweetener produced by the hydrogenation of maltose. Maltitol can replace sucrose and has characteristics of having a minor impact on blood sugar and potential prebiotic effects.
    Maltitol
  • HY-153364
    FTX-6746
    		Inhibitor 99.07%
    FTX-6746 is an orally active PPARG inhibitor. FTX-6746 shows potent tumor inhibition in mouse xenograft models.
    FTX-6746
  • HY-N2368
    Arecaidine
    		Inhibitor 99.63%
    Arecaidine is a GABA transport system inhibitor. Arecaidine inhibits the proliferation of oral mucosal fibroblasts, increases the secretion of IL-6, TGF-β and TNF-α in cells, downregulates the expression of PPAR-γ and PCK1 in cells, and upregulates the expression of TGF-β1. Arecaidine inhibits the uptake of γ-aminobutyric acid and β-alanine by the central nervous system of cats. Arecaidine inhibits hPAT1-mediated L-[3H]proline uptake in cells. Arecaidine can be used in research related to neurological diseases.
    Arecaidine
  • HY-139682
    Dovitinib-RIBOTAC
    		99.31%
    Dovitinib RIBOTAC is an RNA-targeting RIBOTAC degrader that can specifically bind to and degrade pre-miR-21. Dovitinib RIBOTAC can inhibit the metastasis of breast cancer and has anti-tumor activity.
    Dovitinib-RIBOTAC
  • HY-112247
    SR 16832
    		Antagonist 99.58%
    SR 16832 is a dual-site covalent, orthosteric and allosteric PPARγ antagonist. SR 16832 activates the TGF-β signaling pathway and upregulates the expression of Vimentin and Fibronectin (Fibronectin). SR 16832 is toxic to bronchial epithelium. SR 16832 can be used in research related to type 2 diabetes and pulmonary fibrosis.
    SR 16832
  • HY-116247
    ST247
    		Agonist 99.88%
    ST247 a potent PPARβ/δ inverse agonist. ST247 has a higher affinity to PPARβ/δ. ST247 modulates expression of the activation marker CCL2 in the opposite direction. ST247 efficiently induces the interaction with corepressors. ST247 inhibits the agonist-induced transcriptional activity of PPARβ/δ.
    ST247
  • HY-119964
    Cetaben
    		99.41%
    Cetaben is a PPARα-independent peroxisome proliferator. Cetaben is a non-fibrate hypolipidemic agent and potently reduces the concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides.
    Cetaben
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
PPAR Isoform Comparison

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