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Results for "

intestinal inflammatory responses

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

27

Inhibitors & Agonists

1

Biochemical Assay Reagents

14

Natural
Products

3

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

1

Oligonucleotides

Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-B1204
    Histamine
    Maximum Cited Publications
    20 Publications Verification

    Ergamine

    		 Histamine Receptor p38 MAPK Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
    Histamine is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine is an organic nitrogen compound that participates in local immune responses, regulates intestinal physiological functions, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Histamine can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma .
    Histamine
  • HY-N7075
    Inulin
    4 Publications Verification

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Infection Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Inulin is an orally active prebiotic targeting the intestinal microbiota, selectively promoting the proliferation and activity of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and playing a role in regulating the intestinal microecology. The functions of Inulin include: Fermentation by probiotics in the colon to produce short-chain fatty acids (such as butyrate and propionate), lowering the intestinal pH and inhibiting the overgrowth of harmful bacteria; Enhancing the intestinal barrier function and reducing endotoxin translocation; Directly scavenging free radicals (such as superoxide free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals) and activating antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT) to reduce oxidative stress. Inulin can also be used in the study of intestinal diseases (constipation, IBD), metabolic syndrome (diabetes, obesity) and liver damage by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism (such as reducing triglycerides, improving insulin sensitivity) and immune response (enhancing NK cell activity, inhibiting inflammatory factors)[1][2][3][4].
    Inulin
  • HY-B0722
    Histamine dihydrochloride
    Maximum Cited Publications
    20 Publications Verification

    		 Histamine Receptor p38 MAPK Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
    Histamine dihydrochloride is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine dihydrochloride is an organic nitrogen compound that participates in local immune responses, regulates intestinal physiological functions, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine dihydrochloride affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Histamine dihydrochloride can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma .
    Histamine dihydrochloride
  • HY-N9448
    Lacto-N-tetraose
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Bacterial Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Lacto-N-tetraose is the significant core structure of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) naturally existing in human milk. Lacto-N-tetraose is consist of galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and glucose moieties. Lacto-N-tetraose has prebiotic effect, immune regulatory effect, anti-inflammatory effects, intestinal cell responses regulatory effect, antibacterial activity and antiviral activity. Lacto-N-tetraose has been widely added to infant formula .
    Lacto-N-tetraose
  • HY-A0129
    Histamine phosphate
    Maximum Cited Publications
    20 Publications Verification

    Histamine diphosphate

    		 Histamine Receptor p38 MAPK Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
    Histamine phosphate is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine phosphate is an organic nitrogen compound that participates in local immune responses, regulates intestinal physiological functions, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine phosphate affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Histamine phosphate can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma .
    Histamine phosphate
  • HY-N2468
    Xylobiose

    1,4-β-D-Xylobiose; 1,4-D-Xylobiose

    		 TNF Receptor Claudin HSP Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Xylobiose (1,4-β-D-Xylobiose; 1,4-D-Xylobiose) is an orally active Claudin 2/CLDN2 inhibitor and HSP27 inducer. Xylobiose works by regulating intestinal barrier function and glucose and lipid metabolism-related signaling pathways. Xylobiose inhibits CLDN2 expression to reduce intestinal permeability, induces HSP27 to enhance cell protection, and regulates the miR-122a/miR-33a axis to inhibit liver lipid synthesis and improve insulin resistance. Xylobiose can strengthen intestinal barrier integrity, reduce blood sugar and blood lipid levels, and reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Xylobiose can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome .
    Xylobiose
  • HY-D1056A2
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8

    LPS, from Escherichia coli (O127:B8)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O127:B8)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O127:B8) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, R3-type core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 activate TLR-4 in immune cells, can induce inflammatory responses and ileal contractility, and can be used to construct intestinal inflammation models .
    It is recommended to prepare a solution with concentration ≥2 mg/mL. Vortex thoroughly for more than 10 minutes. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, silanized container or low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage, and mix thoroughly before use.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8
  • HY-N0237
    Atractyloside A
    3 Publications Verification

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) MyD88 NF-κB Mitochondrial Metabolism Interleukin Related Aquaporin Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Atractyloside A is an orally active inhibitor of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and also an opener of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). Atractyloside A interferes with the activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, thereby inhibiting intestinal inflammatory responses. Atractyloside A reverses mucin synthesis impairment, improves intestinal barrier integrity, and restores homeostasis by altering the composition of the gut microbiota. Atractyloside A can be used in studies related to spleen deficiency diarrhea and myocardial injury .
    Atractyloside A
  • HY-125740
    Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride

    Malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride; Oenin chloride

    		 NF-κB TNF Receptor NO Synthase Interleukin Related Inflammation/Immunology
    Malvidin-3-glucoside (Malvidin-3-O-glucoside; Oenin) chloride is an orally active inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway, which blocks inflammatory responses induced by TNF-α, reduces IκB-α degradation and p65 nuclear translocation, and upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase eNOS to increase NO production. Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory molecules such as MCP-1, ICAM-1, and IL-6, and regulating intestinal microorganisms and metabolites, while protecting endothelial cells and improving intestinal microecological dysbiosis under inflammatory conditions. Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride can be used to study chronic inflammatory-related diseases such as atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease, and has the potential to prevent vascular inflammation and improve intestinal health .
    Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride
  • HY-W013755
    Dioctyl phthalate
    2 Publications Verification

    DNOP; Di-n-octyl phthalate; Phthalic acid dioctyl ester

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Aminotransferases (Transaminases) Phosphatase Bacterial Inflammation/Immunology
    Dioctyl phthalate (DNOP) is a plasticizer. Dioctyl phthalate increases the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the liver, as well as the levels of creatinine and urea in the kidney. Exposure to Dioctyl phthalate disrupts the homeostasis of the intestinal microbial community, increases the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, and reduces the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus. Dioctyl phthalate induces significant and dose-dependent inflammatory responses in the liver, spleen and kidney of mice .
    Dioctyl phthalate
  • HY-119684
    Maresin 2

    		NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Interleukin Related Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Maresin 2 is an anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediator. Maresin 2 drives intestinal epithelial cell migration by activating the focal cell-matrix adhesion signaling pathway in primary human intestinal epithelial cells, thereby promoting mucosal wound repair. Maresin 2 alleviates nociceptive and anxiety-like behaviors in rats with type 1 diabetes by inhibiting IL-1β in the spinal cord and prefrontal cortex. Maresin 2 attenuates allergic airway inflammation in mice by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, Th2-type immune responses, and oxidative stress. Maresin 2 inhibits inflammatory and neuropathic trigeminal neuralgia and reduces neuronal activation in the trigeminal ganglion. Maresin 2 promotes inflammation resolution and mucosal repair after DSS-induced colitis or biopsy-induced colonic mucosal injury .
    Maresin 2
  • HY-105017
    Evodenoson

    ATL 313; DE 112

    		 Adenosine Receptor Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Evodenoson is a selective agonist of the A2A adenosine receptor. Evodenoson’s primary actions include reducing inflammatory responses, decreasing intestinal fluid secretion, edema, tissue damage, and neutrophil infiltration induced by Clostridium difficile toxin A. Evodenoson’s protective effect is achieved by reducing myeloperoxidase (MPO) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities, and by lowering the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) .
    Evodenoson
  • HY-N7635
    Oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside

    β-D-Glucopyranosyl oleanolate

    		 NO Synthase COX Interleukin Related Claudin p38 MAPK Akt PI3K Inflammation/Immunology
    Oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (β-D-Glucopyranosyl oleanolate) is an orally active pentacyclic triterpenoid compound. Oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside has anti-inflammatory effects. In ulcerative colitis models, Oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside can inhibit the inflammatory response, enhance the intestinal epithelial barrier function, and modulate the gut microbiota. Its mechanism of action is related to the PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. Oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside can be used in the research of diseases such as colitis .
    Oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
  • HY-B1204R
    Histamine (Standard)

    Ergamine (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Histamine Receptor p38 MAPK Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
    Histamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Histamine (HY-B1204). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Histamine is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine is an organic nitrogen compound that participates in local immune responses, regulates intestinal physiological functions, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Histamine can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma .
    Histamine (Standard)
  • HY-B0722R
    Histamine dihydrochloride (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Histamine Receptor p38 MAPK Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
    Histamine dihydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Histamine dihydrochloride (HY-B0722). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Histamine dihydrochloride is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine dihydrochloride is an organic nitrogen compound that participates in local immune responses, regulates intestinal physiological functions, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine dihydrochloride affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Histamine dihydrochloride can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma .
    Histamine dihydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-155801
    CRX 527

    		Toll-like Receptor (TLR) NF-κB TNF Receptor MyD88 Apoptosis DNA/RNA Synthesis Cardiovascular Disease Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    CRX 527 is a TLR4 agonist. CRX 527 activates the MyD88-dependent, TRIF-dependent, and TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathways downstream of TLR4, mimics lipid A, and regulates antigen processing and presentation by dendritic cells. CRX 527 stimulates innate immune responses and enhances vaccine efficacy. CRX 527 maintains the structural integrity of hematopoietic tissues, spleen and intestine, alleviates radiation-induced damage, preserves intestinal homeostasis, and inhibits apoptosis, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress and DNA damage. CRX 527 can be used in the research of acute radiation syndrome, melanoma, HPV-related tumors and intracerebral hemorrhage .
    CRX 527
  • HY-B1204S1
    Histamine-d4

    Ergamine-d4

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Histamine Receptor p38 MAPK Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
    Histamine-d4 (Ergamine-d4) is deuterium labeled Histamine (HY-B1204). Histamine is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine is an organic nitrogen compound that participates in local immune responses, regulates intestinal physiological functions, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Histamine can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma .
    Histamine-d4
  • HY-125740R
    Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride (Standard)

    Malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (Standard); Oenin chloride (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Interleukin Related NO Synthase NF-κB TNF Receptor Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Malvidin-3-glucoside (Malvidin-3-O-glucoside; Oenin) chloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride (HY-125740). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride is an orally active inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway, which blocks inflammatory responses induced by TNF-α, reduces IκB-α degradation and p65 nuclear translocation, and upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase eNOS to increase NO production. Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory molecules such as MCP-1, ICAM-1, and IL-6, and regulating intestinal microorganisms and metabolites, while protecting endothelial cells and improving intestinal microecological dysbiosis under inflammatory conditions. Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride can be used to study chronic inflammatory-related diseases such as atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease, and has the potential to prevent vascular inflammation and improve intestinal health .
    Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride (Standard)
  • HY-174620
    Human IL22 mRNA

    		mRNA Inflammation/Immunology
    Human IL22 mRNA encodes the human interleukin 22 (IL22) protein, a member of the IL10 family of cytokines that mediate cellular inflammatory responses. IL22 functions in antimicrobial defense at mucosal surfaces and in tissue repair. It also has pro-inflammatory properties and plays a role in in the pathogenesis of several intestinal diseases.
    Human IL22 mRNA
  • HY-106981
    Orazipone

    OR 1384

    		 NADPH Oxidase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis NF-κB NO Synthase STAT Inflammation/Immunology
    Orazipone (OR 1384) is a small molecule immunomodulator with strong anti-inflammatory properties. Orazipone exerts its immunomodulatory effect by forming reversible thiol complexes, which bind to intracellular signaling proteins and the thiol groups of glutathione. Orazipone exhibits potent anti-eosinophilic activity by inducing apoptosis. Orazipone inhibits activation of inflammatory transcription factors NF-kB and STAT 1 and decreases inducible iNOS expression and NO production in response to inflammatory stimuli. Orazipone reduces NADPH oxidase activity and thereby decreases ROS production. Orazipone has a protective effect in intestinal radiation injury .
    Orazipone
  • HY-N2468R
    Xylobiose (Standard)

    1,4-β-D-Xylobiose (Standard); 1,4-D-Xylobiose (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards TNF Receptor Claudin HSP Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Xylobiose (1,4-β-D-Xylobiose; 1,4-D-Xylobiose) is an orally active Claudin 2/CLDN2 inhibitor and HSP27 inducer. Xylobiose works by regulating intestinal barrier function and glucose and lipid metabolism-related signaling pathways. Xylobiose inhibits CLDN2 expression to reduce intestinal permeability, induces HSP27 to enhance cell protection, and regulates the miR-122a/miR-33a axis to inhibit liver lipid synthesis and improve insulin resistance. Xylobiose can strengthen intestinal barrier integrity, reduce blood sugar and blood lipid levels, and reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Xylobiose can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome .
    Xylobiose (Standard)
  • HY-171591
    SIK2-IN-4

    		Salt-inducible Kinase (SIK) Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Infection
    SIK2-IN-4 (Compound 4) is a highly selective SIK1/2 inhibitor (IC50s 0.143 and 0.076 μM, respectively). SIK2-IN-4 reduces the phosphorylation of transcription coactivator 3 (CRTC3) by targeting SIK1/2, thereby regulating cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)-dependent transcriptional activity. SIK2-IN-4 inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF (IC50: 0.11 µM), IL-12/23 p40 (IC50: 0.25 µM), and IL-23 (IC50: 0.47 µM), while inducing the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. SIK2-IN-4 can be used to study intestinal inflammation and other chronic inflammatory diseases .
    SIK2-IN-4
  • HY-B1204S2
    Histamine-13C5, 15N3

    Ergamine-13C5, 15N3

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Histamine Receptor p38 MAPK Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
    Histamine- 13C5, 15N3 (Ergamine- 13C5, 15N3) is the 13C and 15N labeled isotope of Histamine (HY-B1204). Histamine is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine is an organic nitrogen compound that participates in local immune responses, regulates intestinal physiological functions, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Histamine can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma .
    Histamine-13C5, 15N3
  • HY-A0129R
    Histamine phosphate (Standard)

    Histamine diphosphate (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Histamine Receptor p38 MAPK Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
    Histamine phosphate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Histamine phosphate (HY-A0129). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Histamine phosphate is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine phosphate is an organic nitrogen compound that participates in local immune responses, regulates intestinal physiological functions, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine phosphate affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Histamine phosphate can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma .
    Histamine phosphate (Standard)
  • HY-B1204S4
    Histamine-15N3

    Ergamine-15N3

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Histamine Receptor p38 MAPK Akt Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
    Histamine- 15N3 is the 15N3-labeled Histamine (HY-B1204). Histamine is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine is an organic nitrogen compound that participates in local immune responses, regulates intestinal physiological functions, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Histamine can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma .
    Histamine-15N3
  • HY-13692
    1α-Hydroxyvitamin D5

    CARD-024

    		 Myosin FAK Interleukin Related COX Inflammation/Immunology
    1α-Hydroxyvitamin D5 (CARD-024) is a vitamin D analog with extremely low hypercalcemic effects. 1α-Hydroxyvitamin D5 effectively attenuates the pro-fibrotic response of colonic myofibroblasts to TGFβ and high-stiffness substrates by inhibiting the expression of αSMA, the phosphorylation of FAK, and the gene expression of MLCK and ET-1, while activating the anti-inflammatory pathway of IL-1β/COX-2. 1α-Hydroxyvitamin D5 can be used in research related to intestinal fibrosis associated with Crohn's disease .
    1α-Hydroxyvitamin D5
  • HY-15026
    ATB 429

    		Endogenous Metabolite Inflammation/Immunology
    ATB-429, a novel H2S-releasing derivative of mesalamine, demonstrates significant anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in models of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). By releasing hydrogen sulfide (H2S), ATB-429 modulates colorectal distension-induced hypersensitivity in both healthy and postcolitic rats. It attenuates abdominal withdrawal responses and suppresses spinal c-Fos mRNA expression, indicating its potential to alleviate pain associated with gastrointestinal inflammation. Moreover, ATB-429 down-regulates colonic cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-1β mRNA expression, effects not observed with mesalamine alone. The mechanism involves ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels, as evidenced by reversal of ATB-429's effects with glibenclamide. These findings suggest ATB-429 could offer therapeutic benefits for managing painful intestinal disorders linked to inflammation .
    ATB 429

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