NF-κB

Nuclear factor-κB; Nuclear factor-kappaB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1749)
Antibodies (32)
NF-κB Signaling Pathway
NF-κB Isoform Comparison

By Effects:	Inhibitors (1435)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-Y1362R

Ethyl pyruvate (Standard)	Inhibitor
Ethyl pyruvate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ethyl pyruvate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ethyl pyruvate is a simple derivative of the endogenous metabolite pyruvate. Ethyl pyruvate is an HMGB1 release inhibitor. Ethyl pyruvate can induce apoptosis by autophagy. Ethyl pyruvate has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor activity. Ethyl pyruvate can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

HY-182283

sEH-IN-23	Inhibitor
sEH-IN-23 is a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor with a IC₅₀ of 0.8 nM against human sEH and 0.7 nM against murine sEH. sEH-IN-23 inhibits inflammatory factor production mediated by NF-κB activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. sEH-IN-23 exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in acute lung injury models. sEH-IN-23 can be used for the research of acute lung injury.

HY-174257

RCD405	Inhibitor
RCD405 is a bronchodilator. RCD405 exerts relaxant effects by acting directly on human airway smooth muscle (hASM) with an EC₅₀ value of 12 μM for histamine-induced contractions and 45.71 μM for carbachol-induced contractions. RCD405 inhibits cholinergic and histaminergic tone and reduces electrically stimulated (EFS)-induced contractions. RCD405 is promising for research of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

HY-122007

AM-0561	Inhibitor
AM-0561 is a NIK inhibitor (K_i: 0.3 nM). AM-0561 decreases p52 levels.

HY-N8290R

Lactupicrin (Standard)	Inhibitor
Lactupicrin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lactupicrin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lactupicrin (Lactucopicrin) exhibits analgesic, sedative, antimalarial activities and atheroprotective effect. Lactupicrin inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with an IC₅₀ of 150.3 μM. Lactupicrin is an orally active characteristic bitter sesquiterpene lactone.

HY-P1832

PTD-p65-P1 Peptide	Inhibitor
PTD-p65-P1 Peptide is a potent, selective nuclear transcription factor NF-κB inhibitor and derives from the p65 subunit of NF-κB amino acid residues 271-282, which selectively inhibits NF-κB activation induced by various inflammatory stimulation, down-regulate NF-κB-mediated gene expression and up-regulate apoptosis.

HY-128853R

Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard)	Inhibitor
Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is a bile salt (Standard)-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate sodium salt (Standard) is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.

HY-N0220R

Dauricine (Standard)	Inhibitor
Dauricine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dauricine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dauricine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid in Menispermum dauricum, possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Dauricine inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, and induces apoptosis by suppressing NF-κB activation in a dose-and time-dependent manner in colon cancer.

HY-162963

DN203316	Inhibitor
DN203316 (PPARδ agonist 11) is a potent, selective, orally active PPARδ agonist (EC₅₀ = 20 nM) with high selectivity over PPARα and PPARγ. DN203316 suppresses NF-κB-mediated inflammatory signaling, inhibits ferroptosis by upregulating xCT and GPX4, and attenuates STING-TBK1-IRF3-driven fibrogenic responses. DN203316 is useful for research on inflammatory disorders, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and liver fibrosis.

HY-N17353

Vitedoamine A	Inhibitor
Vitedoamine A is a Phenylnaphthalene-type lignan alkaloid. Vitedoamine A can be isolated from Vitex negundo. Vitedoamine A inhibits the activity of IKKβ with an IC₅₀ value of 39 μM. Vitedoamine A could inhibit the transcriptional activity of NF-κB, and suppress the production of NO and reduce the expressions of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). Vitedoamine A inhibits the phosphorylation of IKKα/β and p65, and prevents the degradation of IκBα. Vitedoamine A possesses anti-rheumatoid arthritis capacity.

HY-115797

LQFM030	Inhibitor
LQFM030 is a novel small molecule MDM2 inhibitor. LQFM030 exhibits concentration dependent cytotoxicity in K562 cells (IC₅₀ = 0.28 mM). LQFM030 induces cell apoptosis through G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and increased Caspase activity. LQFM030 downregulates the mRNA expression of MDM2, MDMX, p73, MYC, and NF-κB. LQFM030 is commonly used in research on cancers such as leukemia.

HY-P5641

Pleurocidin	Inhibitor	98.91%
Pleurocidin is an Antimicrobial peptide. Pleurocidin is derived from the skin mucosa or intestinal secretions of Pseudopleuronectes americanus. Pleurocidin inhibits the expression of key proteins in the MAPK and NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathways. Pleurocidin alters serum inflammatory and immune cytokine levels, regulates the down-regulation of tight junction proteins, and modulates the intestinal flora. Pleurocidin exerts antibacterial activity by inducing bacterial membrane damage, hydroxyl radical formation, and NADH depletion, and also produces a synergistic effect with Antibiotics. Pleurocidin alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. Pleurocidin can be used for research on ulcerative colitis, bacterial infections, and bacterial biofilm-related infections.

HY-N0168AR

(Rac)-Hesperetin (Standard)	Inhibitor
(Rac)-Hesperetin (Standard) is the analytical standard of (Rac)-Hesperetin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (Rac)-Hesperetin is the racemate of Hesperetin (HY-N0168), an orally active multi-target inhibitor. (Rac)-Hesperetin exhibits significant anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities by blocking the TGF-β1-mediated Fyn/RhoA signaling axis and the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB inflammatory pathway. (Rac)-Hesperetin inhibits the formation of actin stress fibers and the migration and invasion of cancer cells, and is suitable for triple-negative breast cancer research. In inflammation models, (Rac)-Hesperetin effectively alleviates lung injury by reducing the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and regulating the activity of oxidative stress enzymes, and is suitable for acute lung injury research. (Rac)-Hesperetin also interferes with the entry and early replication processes of channel catfish virus, inhibits viral gene expression and progeny virus production, thereby protecting cells from virus-induced cytopathic effects.

HY-N0119R

Naringin Dihydrochalcone (Standard)	Inhibitor
Naringin Dihydrochalcone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Naringin Dihydrochalcone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Naringin Dihydrochalcone is an artificial sweetener derived from naringin. Naringin is a major flavanone glycoside obtained from tomatoes, grapefruits, and many other citrus fruits. Naringin exhibits biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. Naringin suppresses NF-κB signaling pathway.

HY-N17317

Isostrictiniin	Inhibitor
Isostrictiniin (ITN) is a polyphenolic compound isolated from Nymphaea candida. It upregulates the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1, while downregulating the expression of Keap1. Isostrictiniin reduces the phosphorylation levels of JNK, ERK1/2, p38, IκBα, and NF-κB p65. Isostrictiniin decreases the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PGE2). Isostrictiniin alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury and exerts protective effects against acute alcoholic liver injury. Additionally, isostrictiniin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic activities.

HY-N2434R

[10]-Shogaol (Standard)	Inhibitor
-Shogaol (Standard) is the analytical standard of -Shogaol (HY-N2434). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. [10]-Shogaol is an orally active antioxidant. [10]-Shogaol can be extracted from ginger (Zingiber officinale). [10]-Shogaol1 inhibits COX-2 with an IC₅₀ value of 7.5 μM. [10]-Shogaol inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6). [10]-Shogaol inhibits NF-κB phosphorylation. [10]-Shogaol has anti-inflammatory effects. [10]-Shogaol has anticancer effects against Docetaxel (HY-B0011)-resistant prostate cancer. [10]-Shogaol exhibits larvicidal activity against L5 larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis.

HY-N1489

14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographiside	Inhibitor
14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographiside is a compound isolated from A. paniculate.

HY-P11296

LLVK	Inhibitor
LLVK is a selective IκB phosphorylation inhibitor. LLVK reduces LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α). LLVK is promising for research of inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis.

HY-15122AR

Sinomenine hydrochloride (Standard)	Inhibitor
Sinomenine hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sinomenine hydrochloride. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sinomenine hydrochloride (Cucoline hydrochloride), an alkaloid extracted from Sinomenium acutum, is a blocker of the NF-κB activation. Sinomenine also is an activator of μ-opioid receptor.

HY-N0250R

Saikosaponin D (Standard)	Inhibitor
Saikosaponin D (Standard) is the analytical standard of Saikosaponin D. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Saikosaponin D is a triterpene saponin isolated from Bupleurum, with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, and anti-allergic activities; Saikosaponin D inhibits selectin, STAT3 and NF-kB and activates estrogen receptor-β.

LAT TCR CD3 BCR PLCγ1 ZAP70 PKC ELKs NEMO ATM NEMO PIASy PIDD RIP1 PARP1 NEMO ATM cIAP1 NEMO ATM c-IAP1/2, c-FLIP, XIAP, Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, gadd45β,
TRAF1/2, A1/Bfl-1, p100, IL-1, IL-6, IL8, IL-1β, TNF-α, A20,
IκBα, COX2, MIP-1β, MIP-2, VCAM-1,GM-CSF, CCL2, etc. IκBα TRAF6 ATM Tyr kinase LYN SYK BLK BLNK PLCγ2 BTK CARMA1 MALT1 BCL-10 IκBα CK2 p50 RELA IL-1 IL-1R MyD88 IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 TNF TNFR1 TRADD RIPK1 TRAF2/5 cIAP1/2 TAB2 or
TAB3 TAK1 NEMO IKKα IKKβ p105 p50 p105 REL p50 p50 p50 REL p50 RELA p50 c-REL p50 p50 IκBα REL p50 REL p50 CREB TRIM25 RNF135 IPS1 TRAF3 TRAF2/6 Virus MKK3 or
MKK6 MKK4 or
MKK7 p38 JNK CREB AP1 AP1 LPS LBP CD14 TLR4 MD2 MD2 MD2 TLR4 MyD88 TIRAP TRAM TRIF IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 RIP1 TRAF3 CD40L, RANKL CD40,
RANK LTα1β2, LIGHT,
BAFF LTβR,
BAFFR TRAF6 IKKε TBK1 IRF7 IRF3 IRF3 IRF7 BLC, ELC, SLC, SDF-1α, BAFF,
ICAM, CXCL12, CXCL13, CCL19, CCL21, etc. TRAF3 TRAF2 cIAP1/2 NIK TBK1 IKKα p100 RELB p52 RELB p52 RELB

Download NF-κB Signaling Pathway Map.

NF-κB transcription factors are critical regulators of immunity, stress responses, apoptosis and differentiation. In mammals, there are five members of the transcription factor NF-κB family: RELA (p65), RELB and c-REL, and the precursor proteins NF-κB1 (p105) and NF-κB2 (p100), which are processed into p50 and p52, respectively. NF-κB transcription factors bind as dimers to κB sites in promoters and enhancers of a variety of genes and induce or repress transcription. NF-κB activation occurs via two major signaling pathways: the canonical and the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways^[1].

The canonical NF-κB pathway is triggered by signals from a large variety of immune receptors, such as TNFR, TLR, and IL-1R, which activate TAK1. TAK1 then activates IκB kinase (IKK) complex, composed of catalytic (IKKα and IKKβ) and regulatory (NEMO) subunits, via phosphorylation of IKKβ. Upon stimulation, the IKK complex, largely through IKKβ, phosphorylates members of the inhibitor of κB (IκB) family, such as IκBα and the IκB-like molecule p105, which sequester NF-κB members in the cytoplasm. IκBα associates with dimers of p50 and members of the REL family (RELA or c-REL), whereas p105 associates with p50 or REL (RELA or c-REL). Upon phosphorylation by IKK, IκBα and p105 are degradated in the proteasome, resulting in the nuclear translocation of canonical NF-κB family members, which bind to specific DNA elements, in the form of various dimeric complexes, including RELA-p50, c-REL-p50, and p50-p50. Atypical, IKK-independent pathways of NF-κB induction also provide mechanisms to integrate parallel signaling pathways to increase NF-κB activity, such as hypoxia, UV and genotoxic stress.

The non-canonical NF-κB pathway is induced by certain TNF superfamily members, such as CD40L, BAFF and lymphotoxin-β (LT-β), which stimulates the recruitment of TRAF2, TRAF3, cIAP1/2 to the receptor complex. Activated cIAP mediates K48 ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of TRAF3, resulting in stabilization and accumulation of the NFκB-inducing kinase (NIK). NIK phosphorylates and activates IKKα, which in turn phosphorylates p100, triggering p100 processing, and leading to the generation of p52 and the nuclear translocation of p52 and RELB^[2][3].

Reference:

[1]. Oeckinghaus A, et al. The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation.Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Oct;1(4):a000034.
[2]. Taniguchi K, et al. NF-κB, inflammation, immunity and cancer: coming of age. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018 May;18(5):309-324.
[3]. Perkins ND,et al. Integrating cell-signalling pathways with NF-kappaB and IKK function. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Jan;8(1):49-62.

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NF-κB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Related Products (1749)

Antibodies (32)

NF-κB Signaling Pathway

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1749):