1. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Autophagy Apoptosis
  2. Lipoxygenase Autophagy Ferroptosis
  3. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid  (Synonyms: NDGA)

Cat. No.: HY-N0198 Purity: 99.93%
Handling Instructions Technical Support

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid is a 5-lipoxygenase (5LOX) (IC50=8 μM) and tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 500-38-9

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
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Customer Review

Based on 7 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Nordihydroguaiaretic acid:

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Nordihydroguaiaretic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 May 17:S2090-1232(25)00347-9.  [Abstract]

    The survival rates and IC50 of A549-R when treated with Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) individually.

    Nordihydroguaiaretic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Vet Microbiol. 2025 Sep 15:310:110730.  [Abstract]

    Cytotoxicity assessment of three candidate compounds—Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA, 3.125-50 μM) (blue), 3E (green), and GC376 (yellow)—in CRFK cells. Cytotoxicity was determined using a CCK-8 assay after 24 hours of incubation.

    Nordihydroguaiaretic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Vet Microbiol. 2025 Sep 15:310:110730.  [Abstract]

    Fluorescence imaging of CRFK cells infected with FCoV-II GFP strain following treatment with different concentrations of and Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA, 2.5-10 μM; 24 h). A reduction in GFP fluorescence intensity indicates antiviral activity.

    Nordihydroguaiaretic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Vet Microbiol. 2025 Sep 15:310:110730.  [Abstract]

    Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA, 6.14 mg/kg, p.o., once daily) alleviated clinical symptoms in FCoV-II-induced feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) model cats, as evidenced by a reduced rate of weight loss and delayed onset of fever.

    Nordihydroguaiaretic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Jul;127:110151.  [Abstract]

    CEP suppresses OGD/R-induced oxidative stress in BV-2 cells. After treatment with different concentrations of CEP or 10 μM Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) (30 min), BV-2 cells were subjected to OGD/R to mimic I/R injury in vitro. After induction, cells were harvested for ELISA analysis of 12-HETE and 15-HETE. NDGA (LOX inhibitor) served as positive controls.

    View All Lipoxygenase Isoform Specific Products:

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Nordihydroguaiaretic acid is a 5-lipoxygenase (5LOX) (IC50=8 μM) and tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

    IC50 & Target[1]

    5-LOX

    8 μM (IC50)

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    A-375 IC50
    230 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis at 50 uM
    Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells assessed as inhibition of DNA synthesis at 50 uM
    [PMID: 19615898]
    A-375 IC50
    54.3 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human A375 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    [PMID: 19615898]
    BGC-823 IC50
    > 60 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Antiproliferative activity against human BGC823 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human BGC823 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 27829519]
    HEK293 EC50
    35 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Agonist activity at human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium influx by Fluo-4-AM dye based fluorescence assay
    Agonist activity at human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium influx by Fluo-4-AM dye based fluorescence assay
    [PMID: 30878828]
    HEK293 EC50
    4.9 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Agonist activity at human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium influx by Calcium-5 dye based fluorescence assay
    Agonist activity at human TRPA1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in calcium influx by Calcium-5 dye based fluorescence assay
    [PMID: 30878828]
    HL-60 IC50
    12.2 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells by XTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells by XTT assay
    [PMID: 16562834]
    HL-60 IC50
    2.3 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Antioxidant activity in human HL60 cells assessed as inhibition of TPA-stimulated hydrogen peroxide induced DCFH-DA oxidation by fluorometric microplate assay
    Antioxidant activity in human HL60 cells assessed as inhibition of TPA-stimulated hydrogen peroxide induced DCFH-DA oxidation by fluorometric microplate assay
    [PMID: 16562834]
    HT-29 IC50
    51.3 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    [PMID: 19615898]
    HeLa IC50
    0.08 μg/mL
    Compound: NDGA
    Antiallergic activity in Ca(2+)-stimulated differentiated human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of cys-leukotriene release after 6 days by ELISA
    Antiallergic activity in Ca(2+)-stimulated differentiated human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of cys-leukotriene release after 6 days by ELISA
    [PMID: 19942440]
    HepG2 IC50
    54.1 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    [PMID: 19615898]
    Hepatocyte IC50
    3 x 104 nM
    Compound: Nordihydroguaiaretic acid
    Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium yoelii 265 liver infected in mammalian hepatocytes after 48 hrs
    Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium yoelii 265 liver infected in mammalian hepatocytes after 48 hrs
    [PMID: 18212104]
    L929 EC50
    19 μM
    Compound: nordihydroguaiaretic acid
    Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation assay
    Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation assay
    [PMID: 9287415]
    L929 EC50
    28 μM
    Compound: nordihydroguaiaretic acid
    Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by crystal violet staining
    Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by crystal violet staining
    [PMID: 9287415]
    LNCaP IC50
    38.8 μM
    Compound: 4, ZINC00012342, Nordihydroguaiaretic acid
    Transcriptional activity at human androgen receptor BF3 site stably transfected in eGFP-expressing human LNCAP cells after 5 days by fluorometric analysis
    Transcriptional activity at human androgen receptor BF3 site stably transfected in eGFP-expressing human LNCAP cells after 5 days by fluorometric analysis
    [PMID: 22047606]
    MCF7 IC50
    24.6 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Inhibition of IGF1 mediated cell growth in MCF7 cells
    Inhibition of IGF1 mediated cell growth in MCF7 cells
    [PMID: 17502145]
    MCF7 IC50
    8.5 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
    [PMID: 19615898]
    MGC-803 IC50
    45.8 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Antiproliferative activity against human MGC803 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human MGC803 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 27829519]
    Macrophage IC50
    6 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Antiinflammatory activity in NMRI mouse macrophages assessed as inhibition of A23187-induced LTC4 release by Ellman's method
    Antiinflammatory activity in NMRI mouse macrophages assessed as inhibition of A23187-induced LTC4 release by Ellman's method
    [PMID: 8988605]
    NCI-H69 IC50
    4.4 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Cytotoxicity against human H69 cells
    Cytotoxicity against human H69 cells
    [PMID: 24080463]
    PMNL IC50
    0.4 μM
    Compound: nordihydroguaiaretic acid
    Inhibition of LTB4 biosynthesis in A-23187-stimulated bovine PMNL cells
    Inhibition of LTB4 biosynthesis in A-23187-stimulated bovine PMNL cells
    [PMID: 10395494]
    RBL-1 IC50
    0.12 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase by measuring 5-HETE levels in RBL-1 cell-free supernatant
    Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase by measuring 5-HETE levels in RBL-1 cell-free supernatant
    [PMID: 8568814]
    RBL-1 IC50
    0.14 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    In vitro inhibition of RBL-1 5-lipoxygenase
    In vitro inhibition of RBL-1 5-lipoxygenase
    [PMID: 3681891]
    RBL-1 IC50
    0.15 μM
    Compound: NDGA (Nordihydroguaiaretic aid)
    Ability to inhibit 5-lipoxygenase by using a crude preparation of the cytosolic enzyme from the rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-1) cell line
    Ability to inhibit 5-lipoxygenase by using a crude preparation of the cytosolic enzyme from the rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-1) cell line
    [PMID: 2104936]
    RBL-1 IC50
    0.4 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    In vitro inhibitory activity against RBL-1 5-LO
    In vitro inhibitory activity against RBL-1 5-LO
    [PMID: 3820229]
    RBL-1 IC50
    0.41 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    In vitro inhibitory concentration against 5-lipoxygenase in RBL-1 cells
    In vitro inhibitory concentration against 5-lipoxygenase in RBL-1 cells
    [PMID: 11277534]
    RBL-1 IC50
    10 nM
    Compound: NDGA
    Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase from rat basophilic leukemia(RBL-1) cells
    Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase from rat basophilic leukemia(RBL-1) cells
    10.1016/S0960-894X(01)80140-2
    RBL-1 IC50
    1.0 x 10-7 M
    Compound: NDGA
    In vitro inhibition against 5-lipoxygenase in RBL-1 cells was determined
    In vitro inhibition against 5-lipoxygenase in RBL-1 cells was determined
    [PMID: 8254620]
    SGC-7901 IC50
    > 60 μM
    Compound: NDGA
    Antiproliferative activity against human SGC7901 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human SGC7901 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 27829519]
    In Vitro

    The natural dicatechol Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a selective 5LOX inhibitor from the creosote plant (Larrea tridentata: Zygophyllaceae). The 5LOX-inhibiting natural dicatechol Nordihydroguaiaretic acid is a very effective, non-toxic antagonist of TNFα-stimulated microglial activation. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid is approximately six times more potent than Minocycline in vitro, with an IC50 value of 8±3 μM and no toxicity at 100 μM. Significant NO2- suppression is observed at 800 nM Nordihydroguaiaretic acid. Similar efficacy is observed for natural and synthetic Nordihydroguaiaretic acid, as well as for the acetyl ester of Nordihydroguaiaretic acid. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid also suppresses TNFα-stimulated PGE2 production by EOC-20 cells with an IC50 of 841 nM[1].To test the proliferation effect of prostaglandin E1 and Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) on cancer cell lines, HepG2 cell lines are treated with various doses of the two compounds and the positive compounds 8-anilino-1-naphtalene sulfonate (ANS), respectively, for 24 h and cell viability is examined by the MTT assay. ANS displays a dose-dependent inhibition (0, 10, 30, 50, 80, 100, 120, and 150 μM) with the estimated IC50 being 25.888 μM. The tested IC50 of prostaglandin E1 is 41.223 μM and Nordihydroguaiaretic acid is 45.646 μM, respectively, at different concentrations of 0, 30, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140 μM[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    In Vivo

    Compared with the control ob/ob chow diet group, there is a significant reduction of body weight starting from 9 wk treatment in the high-dose Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) diet group, and from 12 wk in the low-dose group. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid treatment results in higher body (rectal) temperatures of ob/ob mice, especially with the high dose of Nordihydroguaiaretic acid[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    302.36

    Formula

    C18H22O4

    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to yellow

    SMILES

    CC(CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1)C(C)CC2=CC=C(O)C(O)=C2

    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    Storage

    Store at room temperature 3 years

    In solvent -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 233.33 mg/mL (771.70 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 3.3073 mL 16.5366 mL 33.0732 mL
    5 mM 0.6615 mL 3.3073 mL 6.6146 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.88 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.88 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
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    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.93%

    References
    Cell Assay
    [2]

    MTT assay is used to measure cell growth-inhibitory activity of the selected most promising compounds in HepG2 cell lines. Cells are cultured in 96-well culture plate at 1×104 cells/well. After 24 h cultured at 37 °C in the atmosphere of 5% CO2, cells are adhered and treated with different concentrations of the targeted compounds (e.g., Nordihydroguaiaretic acid, 0, 30, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140 μM) and incubated for 24 h. Then, the supernatants are discarded and MTT (0.5 mg/mL) is added to each well and incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 for an additional 4 h. Following, the MTT is removed and 150 μL of formazan in DMSO is added to terminate response and then plates are set to the table shaker for 5 min at low speed. Cell proliferation is evaluated by measuring the absorbance at 570 nm using ELISA Plate Reader. The IC50 values are calculated by SPSS statistics 17.0[2].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Administration
    [3]

    Mice[3]
    Seven-week-old male control C57BL/6J mice, male leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice, and male Pparα-deficient mutant mice (B6.129S4-Pparatm1Gonz/J) are used. These mice are fed a standard chow diet for 1 wk to allow them to acclimatize to a controlled new environment (25±2°C, 55±5% relative humidity with a 12-h light-dark cycle). Subsequently, one group of ob/ob mice is switched to a chow diet supplemented with either low- (0.83 g/kg chow diet) or high-dose (2.5 g/kg chow diet) Nordihydroguaiaretic acid and maintained on this diet for 16 wk. The other groups of ob/ob mice and control mice continue to be fed a normal chow diet for 16 wk. In another set of studies, C57BL/6J mice and Pparα-deficient mutant mice are fed either a high-fat diet (~60% of total calories come from fat), or the same high-fat diet supplemented with a high dose of Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (2.5 g/kg diet). Food intake and body weights are measured once a week throughout the experiment.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 3.3073 mL 16.5366 mL 33.0732 mL 82.6829 mL
    5 mM 0.6615 mL 3.3073 mL 6.6146 mL 16.5366 mL
    10 mM 0.3307 mL 1.6537 mL 3.3073 mL 8.2683 mL
    15 mM 0.2205 mL 1.1024 mL 2.2049 mL 5.5122 mL
    20 mM 0.1654 mL 0.8268 mL 1.6537 mL 4.1341 mL
    25 mM 0.1323 mL 0.6615 mL 1.3229 mL 3.3073 mL
    30 mM 0.1102 mL 0.5512 mL 1.1024 mL 2.7561 mL
    40 mM 0.0827 mL 0.4134 mL 0.8268 mL 2.0671 mL
    50 mM 0.0661 mL 0.3307 mL 0.6615 mL 1.6537 mL
    60 mM 0.0551 mL 0.2756 mL 0.5512 mL 1.3780 mL
    80 mM 0.0413 mL 0.2067 mL 0.4134 mL 1.0335 mL
    100 mM 0.0331 mL 0.1654 mL 0.3307 mL 0.8268 mL
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      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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    Product Name:
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    Cat. No.:
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