2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Neuronal Signaling GPCR/G Protein Apoptosis
  3. Endogenous Metabolite mGluR Apoptosis
  4. Xanthurenic acid

Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 59-00-7

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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Xanthurenic acid:

Xanthurenic acid Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products
Histological Imaging/Staining

    Xanthurenic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pathog Dis. 2022 Nov 12;80(1):ftac043.  [Abstract]

    Xanthurenic acid (XA) (50 μM; pH 7.4)-stimulated exflagellation centre (EC) counts were obtained from the parental parasites (Py) and the Py05543 deletion (Pyp25α¯, KO) parasites.

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    Human Endogenous Metabolite Microbial Metabolite

    View All mGluR Isoform Specific Products:

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    mGluR1 mGluR2 mGluR3 mGluR4 mGluR5 mGluR6 mGluR7 mGluR8 mGluR

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.

    IC50 & Target[1]

    Human Endogenous Metabolite

     

    mGluR2

     

    mGluR3

     

    In Vivo

    Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus. The inhibition of Xanthurenic acid (XA) on sensory can be found when applied iontophoretically and i.v., is similar to that of other Group II mGlu receptor agonists in reducing inhibition evoked in the VB from the thalamic reticular nucleus upon physiological sensory stimulation. Furthermore, it is postulated that Xanthurenic acid may be the first potential endogenous allosteric agonist for the mGlu receptors. As the Group II receptors and kynurenine metabolism pathway have both been heavily implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, Xanthurenic acid could play a pivotal role in antipsychotic research as this potential endocoid represents both a convergence within these two biological parameters and a novel class of Group II mGlu receptor ligand[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Molecular Weight

    205.17

    Formula

    C10H7NO4
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    Light yellow to brown

    SMILES

    O=C(C1=NC2=C(O)C=CC=C2C(O)=C1)O
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    1 M NaOH : 33.33 mg/mL (162.45 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    DMSO : 5 mg/mL (24.37 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 4.8740 mL 24.3700 mL 48.7401 mL
    5 mM 0.9748 mL 4.8740 mL 9.7480 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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    In Vivo:

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  50% PEG300    50% Saline

      Solubility: 20 mg/mL (97.48 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

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    (per animal)

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    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.53%

    SDS (396 KB)

    COA (252 KB) HNMR (253 KB) RP-HPLC (260 KB) MS (68 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Animal Administration
    [1]

    Rats[1] Male Wistar rats (265-495 g, n=27) are used throughout the study. Throughout the experiments, electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram (EEG) are monitored. Iontophoretic drug applications are performed using the outer barrels, with one of the outer barrels filled with 1 M NaCl for current balancing on each occasion. The remaining outer barrels contain one of the following substances as required: NMDA (50 mM,pH8.0 in 150 mM NaCl), LY354740 (5 mM, pH8.0 in 75 mM NaCl), Xanthurenic Acid (5 mM, pH8.0 in 75 mM NaCl), LY341495 (5 mM, pH8.5 in 75mM NaCl), as Nat salts, ejected as anions, and LY487379 (1 mM, pH6.0, in 1% dimethyl sulfoxide, 75mM NaCl), ejected as cations. All compounds are prevented from diffusing out of the pipette by using a retaining current (15-25 nA) of opposite polarity to that of the ejection current[1].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO / 1 M NaOH 1 mM 4.8740 mL 24.3700 mL 48.7401 mL 121.8502 mL
    5 mM 0.9748 mL 4.8740 mL 9.7480 mL 24.3700 mL
    10 mM 0.4874 mL 2.4370 mL 4.8740 mL 12.1850 mL
    15 mM 0.3249 mL 1.6247 mL 3.2493 mL 8.1233 mL
    20 mM 0.2437 mL 1.2185 mL 2.4370 mL 6.0925 mL
    1 M NaOH 25 mM 0.1950 mL 0.9748 mL 1.9496 mL 4.8740 mL
    30 mM 0.1625 mL 0.8123 mL 1.6247 mL 4.0617 mL
    40 mM 0.1219 mL 0.6093 mL 1.2185 mL 3.0463 mL
    50 mM 0.0975 mL 0.4874 mL 0.9748 mL 2.4370 mL
    60 mM 0.0812 mL 0.4062 mL 0.8123 mL 2.0308 mL
    80 mM 0.0609 mL 0.3046 mL 0.6093 mL 1.5231 mL
    100 mM 0.0487 mL 0.2437 mL 0.4874 mL 1.2185 mL
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    Xanthurenic acid Related Classifications

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    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Xanthurenic acid59-00-7Endogenous MetabolitemGluRApoptosisMetabotropic glutamate receptorsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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