2. Signaling Pathways
  3. GPCR/G Protein
    Neuronal Signaling
  4. mGluR
  5. mGluR Isoform

mGluR

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are class C G protein-coupled receptors that bind glutamate and regulate synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and activity-dependent plasticity throughout the central nervous system[1][2]. Mechanistically, mGluRs transduce extracellular glutamate signals through intracellular signaling pathways that modulate ion channels, second messengers, and downstream neuronal responses, thereby influencing learning, memory, and network function[1][3]. The mGluR family comprises eight receptor subtypes organized into three groups based on sequence homology, pharmacology, and G-protein coupling properties[2][4]. Group I receptors (mGluR1 and mGluR5) primarily activate phospholipase C-dependent signaling and are predominantly localized postsynaptically, whereas Group II (mGluR2/3) and Group III (mGluR4/6/7/8) receptors generally inhibit cyclic AMP signaling and are frequently associated with presynaptic modulation of neurotransmitter release[2][4]. Dysregulation of mGluR signaling has been implicated in multiple neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, anxiety disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions, making these receptors important experimental and therapeutic targets[1][5]. Compared with related glutamate receptor families, mGluRs mediate slower but longer-lasting modulatory effects through metabotropic signaling rather than direct ion channel gating, providing distinct control over neuronal circuit activity[3][4]. For experimental applications, subtype-selective agonists, antagonists, and allosteric modulators have become essential tools for dissecting receptor-specific functions, with particularly extensive pharmacological development focused on mGluR5 because of its central role in higher-order brain functions and disease-relevant signaling pathways[5][6].

mGluR Related Products (201):

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity
  • HY-N0390
    L-Glutamine
    		Agonist 99.2%
    L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells.
  • HY-N0390S1
    L-Glutamine-13C5
    		Agonist 99.93%
    L-Glutamine-13C5 is the 13C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • HY-N0390S8
    L-Glutamine-15N2
    		Agonist 99.95%
    L-Glutamine-15N2 is the 15N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • HY-N0390S
    L-Glutamine-15N
    		Agonist 99.6%
    L-Glutamine-15N is the 15N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • HY-N0390S9
    L-Glutamine-15N-1
    		Agonist 98.0%
    L-Glutamine-15N-1 is the 15N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • HY-101333
    CPPG
    		Antagonist 99.38%
    CPPG ((RS)-CPPG) is a potent group II/III mGlu receptors antagonist. CPPG exhibits some selectivity (approximately 20 fold) for group III (IC50=2.2 nM) over group II (IC50=46.2 nM) mGlu receptors in the rat cerebral cortex. CPPG has weak effects at group I mGlu receptors.
  • HY-100406
    (S)-MCPG
    		Antagonist 99.02%
    (S)-MCPG ((+)-MCPG) is a potent group I/II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluRs) antagonist and the active isomer of (RS)-MCPG (HY-100371). (S)-MCPG can be used for the study of the function of mGluRs in spatial learning.
  • HY-N0390R
    L-Glutamine (Standard)
    		Agonist
    L-Glutamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • HY-N0390S2
    L-Glutamine-d5
    		Agonist 99.79%
    L-Glutamine-d5 is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • HY-N0390S6
    L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2
    		Agonist 98.0%
    L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2 is the 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • HY-W014666R
    Xanthurenic acid (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Xanthurenic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Xanthurenic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.
  • HY-122487
    Troriluzole
    		Modulator 99.70%
    Troriluzole, a third-generation, tripeptide proagent of Riluzole (HY-B0211), is an orally active glutamate modulator. Troriluzole reduces synaptic glutamate level and increases the synaptic glutamate absorption. Troriluzole has the potential for Alzheimer disease and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
  • HY-103565
    AMN082
    		Agonist 99.73%
    AMN082, a selective, orally active, and brain penetrant mGluR7 agonist, directly activates receptor signaling via an allosteric site in the transmembrane domain. AMN082 potently inhibits cAMP accumulation and stimulates GTPγS binding (EC50 values, 64-290 nM) at transfected mammalian cells expressing mGluR7. AMN082 shows selectivity over other mGluR subtypes and selected ionotropic glutamate receptors. Antidepressant effects.
  • HY-W014666S
    Xanthurenic acid-d4
    		99.09%
    Xanthurenic acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Xanthurenic acid. Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.
  • HY-N0390S5
    L-Glutamine-1-13C
    		Agonist 98.0%
    L-Glutamine-1-13C is the 13C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • HY-101226
    MSOP
    		Antagonist 98.0%
    MSOP is a selective group III metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist with apparent KD of 51 μM for the L-AP4-sensitive presynaptic mGluR.
  • HY-100743
    DL-AP4
    		Antagonist 98.0%
    DL-AP4 (2-Amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid) is a glutamate antagonist. DL-AP4 behaves as a competitive inhibitor of glutamate binding with an apparent Kd of 66 μM. DL-AP4 can be used for the research of central nervous system and visual system.
  • HY-P1077A
    CALP1 TFA
    		Inhibitor 98.15%
    CALP1 TFA is a calmodulin (CaM) agonist (Kd of 88 µM) with binding to the CaM EF-hand/Ca2+-binding site. CALP1 TFA blocks calcium influx and apoptosis (IC50 of 44.78 µM) through inhibition of calcium channel opening. CALP1 TFA blocks glutamate receptor channels and blocks a store-operated nonselective cation channel. CALP1 TFA activates CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity.
  • HY-130553
    β-Spaglumic acid
    		Antagonist 99.97%
    β-Spaglumic acid (β-NAAG) is a competitive NAAG peptidase inhibitor (Ki=1 µM) that protects spinal cord neurons from excitotoxicity and hypoxic damage. β-Spaglumic acid is also a selective mGluR3 antagonist (mGluR3 receptor functions to regulate activity-dependent synaptic potentiation in the hippocampus). β-Spaglumic acid can be used in neuroprotection-related studies.
  • HY-100371
    (RS)-MCPG
    		Antagonist 99.05%
    (RS)-MCPG (alpha-MCPG) is a competitive and selective group I/group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist. (RS)-MCPG blocks theta-burst stimulation (TBS)-induced shifts in both juvenile and neonatal rat hippocampal neurons.