Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health^[1]^[2]^[3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets^[1]^[2]^[3].

References:

[1]. Seyedsayamdost MR. Toward a global picture of bacterial secondary metabolism. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Mar;46(3-4):301-311.

[2]. Ruiz B, et al. Production of microbial secondary metabolites: regulation by the carbon source. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2010 May;36(2):146-67.

[3]. Wishart DS. Metabolomics for Investigating Physiological and Pathophysiological Processes. Physiol Rev. 2019 Oct 1;99(4):1819-1875.

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8488)
Antibodies (477)
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

By Effects:	Inhibitors (66) Agonists (3) Controls (2) Antagonist (1) Activators (7) Modulators (9) Chemicals (14) Inducers (6)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-W001171

3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid		99.79%
3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid is a tryptophan metabolite in the kynurenine pathway.3-hydroxyanthranilic acid has anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and lipid-lowering effects. 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid can be used for researches of cardiovascular diseases, tumors, and metabolic diseases.

HY-N0492

α-Lipoic Acid		99.94%
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1.

HY-113962

7α,25-Dihydroxycholesterol		99.88%
7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25-OHC) is a potent and selective agonist and endogenous ligand of the orphan GPCR receptor EBI2 (GPR183). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol is highly potent at activating EBI2 (EC₅₀=140 pM; K_d=450 pM). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol can serve as a chemokine directing migration of B cells, T cells and dendritic cells.

HY-W017770

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate		99.50%
S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (Ademetionine) disulfate tosylate is the disulfate tosylate form of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (HY-B0617). S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate is an orally active methyl group donor. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate is a dietary supplement with potent antidepressant effects. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate also has anti‑proliferative, pro‑apoptotic and anti‑metastatic roles in cancers. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate has the potential for, cancer, liver disease and osteoarthritis research.

HY-113046

5-Methyltetrahydrofolic acid		99.77%
5-Methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-Methyl THF) is the main circulating form of folic acid in the body and is involved in a variety of biochemical reactions. 5-Methyltetrahydrofolic acid regulates cardiovascular function by increasing the production of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in low-density lipoprotein-treated endothelial cells and can be used in the study of cardiovascular diseases.

HY-I0960

Uracil		99.97%
Uracil is a pyrimidine derivative and one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of RNA. Uracil is a frequently occurring DNA base damage that results from the spontaneous or chemically induced deamination of cytosine and is mutagenic at the level of replication. Uracil could potentially alter transcriptional fidelity, resulting in production of mutant proteins.

HY-W013046

Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate pentasodium		99.42%
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) pentasodium is an important metabolite required in the biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, the amino acids histidine and tryptophan, and the cofactors NAD and NADP.

HY-B2162

Chondroitin sulfate		98.60%
Chondroitin sulfate, one of five classes of glycosaminoglycans, has been widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Chondroitin sulfate reduces inflammation mediators and the apoptotic process and is able to reduce protein production of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and MMPs.

HY-N1424

Glycoursodeoxycholic acid		99.80%
Glycoursodeoxycholic acid, a acyl glycine and a bile acid-glycine conjugate, is a metabolite of ursodeoxycholic acid.

HY-N0169

Hyodeoxycholic acid		99.94%
Hyodeoxycholic acid is a secondary bile acid formed in the small intestine by the gut flora, and acts as a TGR5 (GPCR19) agonist, with an EC₅₀ of 31.6 µM in CHO cells.

HY-B1779

Sucrose		99.86%
Sucrose (D-(+)-Saccharose) is a disaccharide which is composed of two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose. Sucrose can be applied in some animal models, including metabolic disease, obesity, diet on preference, and diabetes, et al.

HY-B0964

Riboflavin phosphate sodium
Riboflavin phosphate sodium (FMN-Na) is a derivative of Riboflavin (vitamin B2) which is an essential nutrient for animals. Riboflavin phosphate sodium can be used for the research of progressive keratoconus, corneal ectasia and irregular astigmatism. Riboflavine phosphate sodium is a very effective NAD⁺-recycling agent.

HY-W009371

D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium		99.96%
D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium is an intermediate of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and an end product of the nonoxidative branch of the PPP. D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium is used in the synthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids.

HY-N0086

N6-Methyladenosine		99.84%
N6-Methyladenosine is the most prevalent internal (non-cap) modification present in the messenger RNA (mRNA) of all higher eukaryotes. N6-Methyladenosine can modifies viral RNAs and has antiviral activities.

HY-113294

3-Hydroxykynurenine		99.93%
3-Hydroxykynurenine, a metabolite of tryptophan, is a potential endogenous neurotoxin whose increased levels have been described in several neurodegenerative disorders. 3-Hydroxykynurenine induces neuronal apoptosis.

HY-B2201

Citric acid trisodium		99.95%
Citric acid trisodium (Sodium citrate) is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid trisodium induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid trisodium cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid trisodium is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries.

HY-Y0921

(±)-1,2-Propanediol		99.97%
(±)-1, 2-propanediol (1,2-(RS)-Propanediol) is an aliphatic alcohol that is often used as an excipient in many active molecular preparations to increase the solubility and stability of the active molecule. (±)-1, 2-propanediol can affect the neurobehavior of zebrafish.

HY-17427

Emtricitabine		99.97%
Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with an EC₅₀ of 0.01 μM in PBMC cell. It is an antiviral agent for the treatment of HIV infection.

HY-A0124A

Sapropterin dihydrochloride		99.82%
Sapropterin ((6R)-BH4; (6R)-Tetrahydro-L-biopterin) dihydrochloride is an orally active phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) cofactor, which is effective in reducing blood phenylalanine concentrations. Sapropterin dihydrochloride can be used in study of phenylketonuria (PKU) phenylketonuria. Sapropterin dihydrochloride can aggravate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

HY-D0885

Phosphocreatine		99.60%
Phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway..

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Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8488)

Antibodies (477)

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8488):