2. NF-κB
    Anti-infection
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    Apoptosis
  3. NF-κB
    HIV
    Mitochondrial Metabolism
    Endogenous Metabolite
    Apoptosis
  4. α-Lipoic Acid

α-Lipoic Acid  (Synonyms: Thioctic acid; (±)-α-Lipoic acid; DL-α-Lipoic acid)

Cat. No.: HY-N0492 Purity: ≥98.0%
COA Handling Instructions

α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

α-Lipoic Acid Chemical Structure

α-Lipoic Acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 1077-28-7

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 66 In-stock
Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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ready for reconstitution
 USD 66 In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of α-Lipoic Acid:

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5].

IC50 & Target[1][2]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

NF-κB

 

Mitochondrial bioenergetics

 

HIV-1

 

In Vitro

The long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 is the target of cellular transcription factors such as NF-κB, and serves as the promoter-enhancer for the viral genome when integrated in host DNA[1]. α-Lipoic Acid (Alpha-Lipoic acid, ALA), a naturally occurring dithiol compound, plays an essential role in mitochondrial bioenergetics. α-Lipoic Acid reduces lipid accumulation in the liver by regulating the transcriptional factors SREBP-1, FoxO1, and Nrf2, and their downstream lipogenic targets via the activation of the SIRT1/LKB1/AMPK pathway. Treatment of cells with α-Lipoic Acid (250, 500 and 1000 μM) significantly increases the NAD+/NADH ratio in HepG2 cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Treatment with α-Lipoic Acid (50, 125, 250 and 500 μM) increases SIRT1 activity in HepG2 cells. α-Lipoic Acid (50, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 μM) increases phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent fashion[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
In Vivo

C57BL/6J mice, divided into four groups, are fed an high-fat diet (HFD) for 24 weeks to induce nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) followed by daily administration of α-Lipoic Acid. Then, the effects of α-Lipoic Acid on hepatic lipid accumulation in long-term HFD-fed mice are assessed. Administration of α-Lipoic Acid (100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg) markedly reduces visceral fat mass in mice. In addition, α-Lipoic Acid (100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg) treatment inhibits the appetite and causes a dramatic weight loss (all P<0.05)[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

206.33

Appearance

Solid

Formula

C8H14O2S2
CAS No.
SMILES

O=C(O)CCCCC1SSCC1
Structure Classification
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (484.66 mM)

H2O : 0.1 mg/mL (0.48 mM; Need ultrasonic)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 4.8466 mL 24.2330 mL 48.4660 mL
5 mM 0.9693 mL 4.8466 mL 9.6932 mL
10 mM 0.4847 mL 2.4233 mL 4.8466 mL
*Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent.
In Vivo:
  • 1.

    Add each solvent one by one:  50% PEG300    50% saline

    Solubility: 10 mg/mL (48.47 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

  • 2.

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.12 mM); Clear solution

  • 3.

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.12 mM); Clear solution

  • 4.

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% corn oil

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.12 mM); Clear solution

*All of the co-solvents are available by MCE.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

COA (244 KB) HNMR (278 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Cell Assay
[1]

The human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line is cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum at 37°C and 5% CO2. HepG2 cells are treated with AMPK inhibitor (CC, 20 μM, 0.5 h), SIRT1 inhibitor (NA, 10 mM, 12 or 24 h), and AMPK activator (AICAR, 2 mM, 1 h), Palmitate (PA, 125 μM, 12 h) and α-Lipoic Acid (250 μM, 6 or 12 h)[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[1]

Mice[1]
Male C57BL/6J mice (6-week-old; body weight: 22-24 g) are allowed ad libitum access to normal diet and water for 2 weeks before dividing into four groups (n=8): normal diet (ND) (10% energy from fat), high-fat diet (HFD) (60% energy from fat) and HFD plus α-Lipoic Acid (100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg). After 24 weeks of treatment, blood samples are collected after the eyeballs of the mice are extracted for serum preparation by centrifugation at 2000×g for 10 min at 4°C. The liver tissues are harvested in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80°C.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References
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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Keywords:

α-Lipoic Acid1077-28-7Thioctic acid (±)-α-Lipoic acid DL-α-Lipoic acidNF-κBHIVMitochondrial MetabolismEndogenous MetaboliteApoptosisNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBHuman immunodeficiency virusantioxidantcofactormitochondrialHIV-1LTRendoplasmicreticulumstressapoptosishepatomaInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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