Glycoursodeoxycholic acid  (Synonyms: Ursodeoxycholylglycine)

Glycoursodeoxycholic acid, a acyl glycine and a bile acid-glycine conjugate, is a metabolite of ursodeoxycholic acid.

The antioxidant compound glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) fully abrogates UCB-induced cytochrome c oxidase inhibition and significantly prevents oxidative stress, metabolic alterations, and cell demise^[1].GUDCA has shown therapeutic efficacy in neurodegenerative models and diseases. Increased cytosolic SOD1 inclusions were observed in 4 DIV NSC-34/hSOD1(G93A) cells together with decreased mitochondria viability, caspase-9 activation, and apoptosis^[2]. Glycoursodeoxycholic acid shows preventive and restorative effects against unconjugated bilirubin -induced blood-brain barrier disruption and damage to human brain microvascular endothelial cells^[3].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

449.62

Solid

C₂₆H₄₃NO₅

64480-66-6

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Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Vaz AR, et al. Bilirubin selectively inhibits cytochrome c oxidase activity and induces apoptosis in immature cortical neurons: assessment of the protective effects of glycoursodeoxycholic acid. J Neurochem. 2010 Jan;112(1):56-65.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Vaz AR, et al. Glycoursodeoxycholic acid reduces matrix metalloproteinase-9 and caspase-9 activation in a cellular model of superoxide dismutase-1 neurodegeneration.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Palmela I, et al. Hydrophilic bile acids protect human blood-brain barrier endothelial cells from disruption by unconjugated bilirubin: an in vitro study. Front Neurosci. 2015 Mar 13;9:80.  [Content Brief]