Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride

Name: Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-B1145
Rating: 5.0 (13 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-B1145 Pureza: 99.83%: Ficha de datos
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Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis).

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No. CAS : 3697-42-5

Tamaño	Stock	Cantidad
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	En stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	En stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solid
5 g	En stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 g	En stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
50 g	Obtener un presupuesto

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Revisión del cliente

Based on 13 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride:

Chlorhexidine-d₈ dihydrochloride In-stock
Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water) In-stock
Chlorhexidine In-stock
Chlorhexidine diacetate In-stock
Chlorhexidine-d₈ Obtener un presupuesto
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (Standard) Obtener un presupuesto

13 Publications Citing Use of MCE Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride

: Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cancer Res. 2019 Feb 1;79(3):534-545. [Abstract]; The half-life of p53 protein is detected in GYS2 overexpressed cells by added with Chlorhexidine (CHX, 20 μg/mL) for different times.

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Referencias
Revisión del cliente

Descripciòn

In Vitro

1. Cell death assay:
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (0.000125%-0.016%; 24 h) induces cell death in L929 fibroblasts, inducing a pattern of cell necrosis and/or apoptosis, as well as cell stress. Furthermore, Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride induces apoptosis at lower concentrations and necrosis at higher concentrations, and increases the expression of heat shock protein 70 (a marker of cell stress). Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride may have an adverse effect on the resolution of apical periodontitis^[1].
2. Cell viability experiment:
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (0.0005%-0.5%; 30 min) causes the death of canine embryonic fibroblasts with concentration of ≥0.013%, while allows the cells to survive with concentration of ≤0.006%^[2].
3. Bacterial survival experiment:
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (0.0005%-0.5%; 30 min) has a concentration-dependent bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus, and kills Staphylococcus aureus with concentration of ≥0.05%, while allows the bacteria to survive with concentration of ≤0.03%^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[1]

Cell Line:	S. aureus
Concentration:	100 μM, 200 μM
Incubation Time:	15min, 30 min, 15 min, 60 min, 120 min, 240 min
Result:	Showed a slow decrease during the first two hours and a sharp drop between 2 and 4 h of incubation at 200 μM.

In Vivo

1. Paw injection toxicity test:
Chlorhexidine (0.125%-1.0%; subcutaneous injection; single dose) dihydrochloride causes toxic effects in the plantar space of the hind paw of Balb/c mice. Concentrations ≥0.5% induces coagulative necrosis of the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissues and neutrophil-dominated inflammatory responses, while concentrations ≤0.25% induces moderate inflammation and interstitial edema^[1].
2. Lung inhalation toxicity test:
Chlorhexidine (0.125%-1%; intratracheal instillation; single dose; 8-week observation) dihydrochloride causes collagen fiber deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue in the C57BL/6J mouse model, leading to restrictive ventilation dysfunction. Transcriptome analysis shows that genes related to extracellular matrix deposition and mucus secretion (such as Muc5b and Muc5ac) are upregulated^[3].
3. Genetic toxicity test:
0.12% Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (0.5 mL; oral, twice a day for 8 days) causes DNA damage in peripheral blood and oral mucosal cells of rats, without causing chromosome breakage or loss in erythrocytes^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:	Wistar rats^[1]
Dosage:	0.5 ml of 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate
Administration:	Oral
Result:	Observed significant increase of DNA damage in leukocytes and oral mucosal cells.

Ensayo clínico

Peso molecular

578.37

Fòrmula

C₂₂H₃₂Cl₄N₁₀

No. CAS

3697-42-5

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

N=C(NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)NC(NCCCCCCNC(NC(NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)=N)=N)=N.[H]Cl.[H]Cl

Envío

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Almacenamiento

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvente y solubilidad

In Vitro:

DMSO : 14 mg/mL (24.21 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	1.7290 mL	8.6450 mL	17.2900 mL
5 mM	0.3458 mL	1.7290 mL	3.4580 mL
10 mM	0.1729 mL	0.8645 mL	1.7290 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Calculadora de molaridad
Calculadora de dilución

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.60 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.60 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.60 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Pureza y Documentación

Purity: 99.83%

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Ficha de datos (275 KB) SDS (393 KB)

COA (243 KB) HNMR (281 KB) LCMS (95 KB)

Instrucciones de manejo (2659 KB)

Referencias

[1]. Faria G, et al. Evaluation of chlorhexidine toxicity injected in the paw of mice and added to cultured l929 fibroblasts. J Endod. 2007 Jun;33(6):715-22. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sanchez IR, et al. Chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine cytotoxicity to canine embryonic fibroblasts and Staphylococcus aureus. Vet Surg. 1988;17(4):182-185. [Content Brief]

[3]. Zhang J, et al. Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment after a Single Intratracheal Inhalation of Chlorhexidine Aerosol in Mice. Toxics. 2023 Nov 7;11(11):910. [Content Brief]

[4]. Ribeiro DA, et al. Chlorhexidine induces DNA damage in rat peripheral leukocytes and oral mucosal cells. J Periodontal Res. 2004 Oct;39(5):358-61. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO	1 mM	1.7290 mL	8.6450 mL	17.2900 mL	43.2249 mL
	5 mM	0.3458 mL	1.7290 mL	3.4580 mL	8.6450 mL
	10 mM	0.1729 mL	0.8645 mL	1.7290 mL	4.3225 mL
	15 mM	0.1153 mL	0.5763 mL	1.1527 mL	2.8817 mL
	20 mM	0.0864 mL	0.4322 mL	0.8645 mL	2.1612 mL