Chlorhexidine diacetate
Based on 13 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Chlorhexidine diacetate is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine diacetate binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine diacetate has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine diacetate can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis).
연구목적의 판매만을 진행합니다. 환자를 대상으로 한 판매는 하지 않습니다.
- Purity: 99.68%
- CAS No.: 56-95-1
- 화학식: C26H38Cl2N10O4
- 분자량:625.55
-
보관:
4°C, stored under nitrogen
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
-
Biological Activity
-
Chemical Information
-
용액&용해도
- 순도&문서
- References
-
Help & FAQs
-
HY-N0176
Dihydroartemisinin
-
HY-13780
Vinblastine sulfate
-
HY-W013699R
Chlorhexidine diacetate (Standard)
-
HY-B1145
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride
-
HY-A0057
Gabapentin
-
HY-B1248
Chlorhexidine
-
HY-W009350
Diazolidinyl urea
-
HY-B0724A
Pazufloxacin mesylate
-
HY-B1145R
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (Standard)
-
HY-B1248R
Chlorhexidine (Standard)
-
HY-A0057R
Gabapentin (Standard)
-
HY-B0724AR
Pazufloxacin mesylate (Standard)
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Chlorhexidine diacetate
More- Nat Commun. 2021 Mar 29;12(1):1940. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2022 Apr 22;13(4):396. [Abstract]
- Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 May 29;13(6):667. [Abstract]
- Dent Mater. 2025 Apr 17:S0109-5641(25)00607-4. [Abstract]
- Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2025 Jun;48(3):637-654. [Abstract]
- Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Mar 30:9:633259. [Abstract]
- Transl Oncol. 2024 Jul:45:101958. [Abstract]
- Cell Signal. 2021 Jul:83:110002. [Abstract]
- Mol Oncol. 2020 Feb;14(2):373-386. [Abstract]
- J Funct Foods. 2024 Jun.
- Genes (Basel). 2021 Apr 7;12(4):537. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026 Jan 18:796:153158. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2024 Nov 06.
Customer Validation & Images
-
WB
All Antibiotic Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
1. Cell death assay:
Chlorhexidine diacetate (0.000125%-0.016%; 24 h) induces cell death in L929 fibroblasts, inducing a pattern of cell necrosis and/or apoptosis, as well as cell stress. Furthermore, Chlorhexidine diacetate induces apoptosis at lower concentrations and necrosis at higher concentrations, and increases the expression of heat shock protein 70 (a marker of cell stress). Chlorhexidine diacetate may have an adverse effect on the resolution of apical periodontitis[1].
2. Cell viability experiment:
Chlorhexidine diacetate (0.0005%-0.5%; 30 min) causes the death of canine embryonic fibroblasts with concentration of ≥0.013%, while allows the cells to survive with concentration of ≤0.006%[2].
3. Bacterial survival experiment:
Chlorhexidine diacetate (0.0005%-0.5%; 30 min) has a concentration-dependent bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus, and kills Staphylococcus aureus with concentration of ≥0.05%, while allows the bacteria to survive with concentration of ≤0.03%[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
-
Cell Line:Canine embryonic fibroblasts
-
Concentration:0.5%, 0.05%, 0.03%, 0.013%, 0.006%, 0.005%, 0.0005%
-
Incubation Time:30 minutes
-
Result:Fibroblasts showed 0% survival at concentrations ≥0.013%, while concentrations ≤0.006% allowed significant survival (e.g., 74% survival at 0.0005%), indicating a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect.
Chlorhexidine (0.125%-1.0%; subcutaneous injection; single dose) diacetate causes toxic effects in the plantar space of the hind paw of Balb/c mice. Concentrations ≥0.5% induces coagulative necrosis of the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissues and neutrophil-dominated inflammatory responses, while concentrations ≤0.25% induces moderate inflammation and interstitial edema[1].
2. Lung inhalation toxicity test:
Chlorhexidine (0.125%-1%; intratracheal instillation; single dose; 8-week observation) diacetate causes collagen fiber deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue in the C57BL/6J mouse model, leading to restrictive ventilation dysfunction. Transcriptome analysis shows that genes related to extracellular matrix deposition and mucus secretion (such as Muc5b and Muc5ac) are upregulated[3].
3. Genetic toxicity test:
0.12% Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (0.5 mL; oral, twice a day for 8 days) causes DNA damage in peripheral blood and oral mucosal cells of rats, without causing chromosome breakage or loss in erythrocytes[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
-
Animal Model:Male Balb/c mice (4 weeks old, 20 g), paw subplantar injection model[1]
-
Dosage:0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% chlorhexidine in distilled water
-
Administration:Subplantar injection into the right hind paw, single dose, observed at 24 h, 48 h, 7 days, and 14 days
-
Result:At 0.5% and 1.0%, caused extensive coagulative necrosis in the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue, associated with marked neutrophilic inflammation and edema at 24-48 h; 0.25% induced focal necrosis in few specimens and moderate inflammation in all; 0.125% caused no necrosis but moderate neutrophilic inflammation and edema.
Epidermal healing was complete by 7-14 days, with residual mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrous tissue thickening in high-dose groups.
-
Animal Model:C57BL/6J mice (6-8 weeks old), intratracheal instillation-induced lung injury model[2]
-
Dosage:0.125% (2.5 mg/kg), 0.25% (5 mg/kg), 0.5% (10 mg/kg), 1% (20 mg/kg) chlorhexidine gluconate in RO water
-
Administration:Single intratracheal instillation via MicroSprayer Aerosolizer, observed for 8 weeks
-
Result:Led to dose-dependent lung tissue damage, including inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar protein deposition, and airway epithelial cell exfoliation.
Increased collagen fiber deposition in the alveolar septum and bronchial stroma, with significantly higher lung organ coefficients in high-dose groups.
Decreased respiratory system compliance (Crs) and forced vital capacity (FVC), indicating restrictive ventilatory dysfunction.
Upregulated genes related to extracellular matrix organization (e.g., P4ha3) and mucus secretion (e.g., Muc5b, Muc5ac).
Chemical Information
-
CAS No. 56-95-1
-
Appearance Solid
-
분자량 625.55
-
화학식 C26H38Cl2N10O4
-
Color White to off-white
-
SMILES
N=C(NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)NC(NCCCCCCNC(NC(NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)=N)=N)=N.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O
-
선적
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
-
보관
4°C, stored under nitrogen
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)
Publications (13)
-
Journal Impact Factor
-
Most Recent
-
Nat Commun
The folate cycle enzyme MTHFD2 induces cancer immune evasion through PD-L1 up-regulation. [Abstract]2021 Mar 29;12(1):1940. PMID: 33782411 -
Cell Death Dis
HJURP regulates cell proliferation and chemo-resistance via YAP1/NDRG1 transcriptional axis in triple-negative breast cancer. [Abstract]2022 Apr 22;13(4):396. PMID: 35459269 -
Antioxidants (Basel)
Pitavastatin Calcium Confers Fungicidal Properties to Fluconazole by Inhibiting Ubiquinone Biosynthesis and Generating Reactive Oxygen Species. [Abstract]2024 May 29;13(6):667. PMID: 38929106 -
Dent Mater
Triple-modified PEEK surface via plasma treatment, polydopamine coating and chlorhexidine: Assessment of biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. [Abstract]2025 Apr 17:S0109-5641(25)00607-4. PMID: 40251086 -
Cell Oncol (Dordr)
UBE2Q2 promotes tumor progression and glycolysis of hepatocellular carcinoma through NF-κB/HIF1α signal pathway. [Abstract]2025 Jun;48(3):637-654. PMID: 39833608 -
Front Cell Dev Biol
2021 Mar 30:9:633259. PMID: 33859984 -
Transl Oncol
20-hydroxyecdysone suppresses bladder cancer progression via inhibiting USP21: A mechanism associated with deubiquitination and degradation of p65. [Abstract]2024 Jul:45:101958. PMID: 38663220 -
Cell Signal
2021 Jul:83:110002. PMID: 33823241 -
Mol Oncol
Loss of RDM1 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma progression via p53 and Ras/Raf/ERK pathways. [Abstract]2020 Feb;14(2):373-386. PMID: 31670863 -
-
Genes (Basel)
Autosomal Recessive Retinitis Pigmentosa Associated with Three Novel REEP6 Variants in Chinese Population. [Abstract]2021 Apr 7;12(4):537. PMID: 33917198 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
2026 Jan 18:796:153158. PMID: 41418346 -
용액&용해도
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (159.86 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Ethanol : 55 mg/mL (87.92 mM; Need ultrasonic)
H2O : 20 mg/mL (31.97 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.00 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.00 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.00 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.00 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.00 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
-
-
-
-
Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
순도&문서
-
Data Sheet (278 KB)
-
SDS (623 KB)
- English - EN (623 KB)
- Français - FR (623 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (623 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (623 KB)
- Español - ES (623 KB)
- Swedish - SV (623 KB)
- Italian - IT (623 KB)
- Korean - KR (623 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (623 KB)
-
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Faria G, et al. Evaluation of chlorhexidine toxicity injected in the paw of mice and added to cultured l929 fibroblasts. J Endod. 2007 Jun;33(6):715-22. [Content Brief]
[2]. Sanchez IR, et al. Chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine cytotoxicity to canine embryonic fibroblasts and Staphylococcus aureus. Vet Surg. 1988;17(4):182-185. [Content Brief]
[3]. Zhang J, et al. Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment after a Single Intratracheal Inhalation of Chlorhexidine Aerosol in Mice. Toxics. 2023 Nov 7;11(11):910. [Content Brief]
[4]. Ribeiro DA, et al. Chlorhexidine induces DNA damage in rat peripheral leukocytes and oral mucosal cells. J Periodontal Res. 2004 Oct;39(5):358-61. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / Ethanol / DMSO | 1 mM | 1.5986 mL | 7.9930 mL | 15.9859 mL | 39.9648 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3197 mL | 1.5986 mL | 3.1972 mL | 7.9930 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1599 mL | 0.7993 mL | 1.5986 mL | 3.9965 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1066 mL | 0.5329 mL | 1.0657 mL | 2.6643 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0799 mL | 0.3996 mL | 0.7993 mL | 1.9982 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0639 mL | 0.3197 mL | 0.6394 mL | 1.5986 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0533 mL | 0.2664 mL | 0.5329 mL | 1.3322 mL | |
| Ethanol / DMSO | 40 mM | 0.0400 mL | 0.1998 mL | 0.3996 mL | 0.9991 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.0320 mL | 0.1599 mL | 0.3197 mL | 0.7993 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0266 mL | 0.1332 mL | 0.2664 mL | 0.6661 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0200 mL | 0.0999 mL | 0.1998 mL | 0.4996 mL | |
| DMSO | 100 mM | 0.0160 mL | 0.0799 mL | 0.1599 mL | 0.3996 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Chlorhexidine diacetate Related Classifications
HY-W013699 Related Classifications
Powered by Bioz