2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Ferroptosis

Ferroptosis

Ferroptosis

Ferroptosis

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Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death. It is distinct from other regulated cell death phenotypes, such as apoptosis and necroptosis. Ferroptosis is characterized by extensive lipid peroxidation, which can be suppressed by iron chelators or lipophilic antioxidants. Mechanistically, Ferroptosis inducers are divided into two classes: (1) inhibitors of cystine import via system xc− (e.g., Erastin), which subsequently causes depletion of glutathione (GSH), and (2) covalent inhibitors (e.g., (1S, 3R)-RSL3) of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Since GPX4 reduces lipid hydroperoxides using GSH as a co-substrate, both compound classes ultimately result in loss of GPX4 activity, followed by elevated levels of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequent cell death.

Ferroptosis is an iron- and ROS-dependent form of regulated cell death (RCD). Misregulated Ferroptosis has been implicated in multiple physiological and pathological processes, including cancer cell death, neurotoxicity, neurodegenerative diseases, acute renal failure, drug-induced hepatotoxicity, hepatic and heart ischemia/reperfusion injury, and T-cell immunity.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0115
    Gastrodin
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Gastrodin, a main constituent of a Chinese herbal medicine Tianma, has been known to display anti-inflammatory effects. Gastrodin inhibits ethanol-induced hepatocellular apoptosis. Gastrodin inhibits H2O2-induced ferroptosis through its antioxidative effect. Gastrodin can be used for study of dizziness, epilepsy, stroke and dementia.
    Gastrodin
  • HY-N0001
    (-)-Epicatechin
    		Activator 99.00%
    (-)-Epicatechin inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 3.2 μM. (-)-Epicatechin inhibits the IL-1β-induced expression of iNOS by blocking the nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB.
    (-)-Epicatechin
  • HY-10257
    BAY 11-7085
    		Activator 99.99%
    BAY 11-7085 (BAY 11-7083) is an inhibitor of NF-κB activation and phosphorylation of IκBα; it stabilizes IκBα with an IC50 of 10 μM.
    BAY 11-7085
  • HY-B0165A
    Pravastatin sodium
    		Activator 99.38%
    Pravastatin sodium (CS-514 sodium) is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor against sterol synthesis with IC50 of 5.6 μM.
    Pravastatin sodium
  • HY-17379
    Atorvastatin hemicalcium salt
    		Activator 99.94%
    Atorvastatin hemicalcium salt (CI-981) is an orally active 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, with blood-brain barrier permeability. Atorvastatin hemicalcium salt has the ability to effectively decrease blood lipids. Atorvastatin hemicalcium salt inhibits human SV-SMC proliferation and invasion with IC50s of 0.39 μM and 2.39 μM, respectively.
    Atorvastatin hemicalcium salt
  • HY-B0581
    Dexrazoxane
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    Dexrazoxane, as an intracellular iron chelating agent, reduces the formation of superoxide radicals and has cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor and neuroprotective activities. Dexrazoxane inhibits ferroptosis of H9c2 cells by inhibiting HMGB1. Dexrazoxane induces DNA damage and apoptosis in human fibrosarcoma cells .
    Dexrazoxane
  • HY-Y0172
    Butylated hydroxytoluene
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Butylated hydroxytoluene is an antioxidant widely used in foods and in food-related products. Butylated hydroxytoluene is a Ferroptosis inhibitor.
    Butylated hydroxytoluene
  • HY-113402
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine
    		Inhibitor 98.53%
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide. Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine
  • HY-N0164
    Matrine
    		Activator 98.0%
    Matrine (Matridin-15-one) is an alkaloid found in plants from the Sophora genus that can act as a kappa opioid receptor and u-receptor agonist. Matrine has a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis effects. Matrine is potential in the research of disease like human non-small cell lung cancer, hepatoma, papillary thyroid cancer and acute kidney injury (AKI).
    Matrine
  • HY-10284
    Linagliptin
    		Inhibitor 99.74%
    Linagliptin is a highly potent, selective DPP-4 inhibitor with IC50 of 1 nM.
    Linagliptin
  • HY-129457
    FINO2
    		Activator 98.0%
    FINO2 is a potent ferroptosis inducer. FINO2 inhibits GPX4 activity. FINO2 is a stable oxidant that oxidizes ferrous iron and stable at varying pH levels. FINO2 causes widespread lipid peroxidation.
    FINO2
  • HY-14601
    Pioglitazone hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.97%
    Pioglitazone hydrochloride is a potent and selective PPARγ agonist with EC50s of 0.93 and 0.99 μM for human and mouse PPARγ, respectively.
    Pioglitazone hydrochloride
  • HY-N0394
    L-Cystine
    		Activator 99.84%
    L-Cystine is an orally active extracellular form of L-Cysteine (HY-Y0337), occurring in proteins of plants and animals. L-Cystine elevates Nrf2 protein expression and activates Nrf2 transcription factor. L-cystine reduces ROS generation and protects against oxidant- or Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced apoptosis. L-Cystine combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine is promising for research of cystinuria and kidney stones
    L-Cystine
  • HY-N0414
    Trigonelline
    		Activator 99.95%
    Trigonelline is an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity that can be isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum L or Leonurus artemisia. Trigonelline is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor that blocks Nrf2-dependent proteasome activity, thereby enhancing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Trigonelline also has anti-HSV-1, antibacterial, and antifungal activity and induces ferroptosis.
    Trigonelline
  • HY-14664A
    Fluvastatin sodium
    		Activator 99.94%
    Fluvastatin sodium (XU 62320) is a first fully synthetic, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with an IC50 of 8 nM. Fluvastatin sodium protects vascular smooth muscle cells against oxidative stress through the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway.
    Fluvastatin sodium
  • HY-Y0669
    Pipecolic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Pipecolic acid is an orally bioavailable, blood-brain barrier-permeable metabolite of lysine with antioxidant, inhibitor, and inducer activity. Pipecolic acid modulates the YAP-GPX4 signaling pathway, reduces retinal vascular tube formation, and mitigates ferroptosis. Pipecolic acid potentiates voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel currents and induces neuronal apoptosis. Pipecolic acid can be used for the research of diabetic retinopathy.
    Pipecolic acid
  • HY-113308A
    Taurolithocholic acid sodium salt
    		Inhibitor 99.81%
    Taurolithocholic acid sodium salt is an orally active bile acid and antiviral agent. Taurolithocholic acid sodium salt upregulates FADS2 by activating the TGR5-PI3K/AKT-SREBP2 signaling axis, inhibits SFTSV-induced ferroptosis, viral replication and viral entry of HBV/HDV, while reducing the release of IL-1β, lipid ROS and LDH. While exerting antiviral protective effects, Taurolithocholic acid sodium salt also stimulates the recycling of hepatocellular membrane transporters, impairs canalicular bile acid secretion function, and induces hepatocyte cholestasis, apoptosis and acute hepatocellular injury. Taurolithocholic acid sodium salt serves as an experimental model compound for hepatocellular cholestasis. At concentrations ≤200 μM, Taurolithocholic acid sodium salt shows no cytotoxicity and does not activate the interferon pathway. Taurolithocholic acid sodium salt not only protects mice from lethal SFTSV infection but also is suitable for studies related to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and cholestasis.
    Taurolithocholic acid sodium salt
  • HY-120912
    Gingerenone A
    		Activator 99.95%
    Gingerenone A is an Nrf2-Gpx4 activator that can induce Ferroptosis in liver damage with oral activity. Gingerenone A has anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, and pro-aging effects in mice.
    Gingerenone A
  • HY-139087
    Erastin2
    		Inducer 98.55%
    Erastin2, an Erastin (HY-15763) analog, is a ferroptosis inducer and a potent, selective inhibitor of the system xc(-) cystine/glutamate transporter
    Erastin2
  • HY-138153
    JKE-1674
    		Inducer 99.54%
    JKE-1674 is an orally active glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor and an active metabolite of GPX4 inhibitor ML-210. JKE-1674, an analog of ML-210 in which the nitroisoxazole ring is replaced with an α-nitroketoxime. JKE-1674 can convert into a nitrile oxide JKE-1777. JKE-1674 kills LOX-IMVI cells in a manner that is equipotent to ML-210 and is completely rescued by ferroptosis inhibitors.
    JKE-1674
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
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