(-)-Epicatechin (Synonyms: (-)-Epicatechol; Epicatechin; epi-Catechin)

Name: (-)-Epicatechin
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-N0001
Rating: 5.0 (12 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-N0001 Purity: 98.85%: Data Sheet
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(-)-Epicatechin inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC₅₀ of 3.2 μM. (-)-Epicatechin inhibits the IL-1β-induced expression of iNOS by blocking the nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 490-46-0

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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10 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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Customer Review

Based on 12 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of (-)-Epicatechin:

12 Publications Citing Use of MCE (-)-Epicatechin

Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay

Microbiological Assay

In Vivo Efficacy Study

RT-PCR

Histological Imaging/Staining

Cell Imaging/Staining

: (-)-Epicatechin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 May 17:S2090-1232(25)00347-9. [Abstract]; The survival rates and IC50 of A549-R when treated with (-)-Epicatechin (EC, 5-320 μM, 24-72 h) individually.

: (-)-Epicatechin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 May 17:S2090-1232(25)00347-9. [Abstract]; (-)-Epicatechin (EC, 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally injected, once every 3 days for 8 times). Tumor images and tumor weight of each group (n = 6) in A549-R xenograft tumor models.

: (-)-Epicatechin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 May 17:S2090-1232(25)00347-9. [Abstract]; (-)-Epicatechin (EC, 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally injected, once every 3 days for 8 times). Tumor volume and body weight of each group during administration in A549 xenograft tumor models.

: (-)-Epicatechin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Adv Res. 2025 May 17:S2090-1232(25)00347-9. [Abstract]; (-)-Epicatechin (EC, 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally injected, once every 3 days for 8 times). H&E staining of tumor tissues of each group.

: (-)-Epicatechin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Viruses. 2020 Feb 4;12(2):176. [Abstract]; Cytotoxicity assay of soluble EGCG and (-)-Epicatechin (EC). PK-15 cells were added with a concentration of 0, 10, 50, 100 and 200 μM EGCG or EC and cultured for 24 h, 72 h and 120 h, respectively. Cell vitality was detected by CCK8 assay.

: (-)-Epicatechin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Viruses. 2020 Feb 4;12(2):176. [Abstract]; One-step growth curve of PCV2 with EGCG treatment. PK-15 cells were inoculated with PCV2 at MOI = 1.0 and cultured with 100 μM EGCG or (-)-Epicatechin (EC) treatment. TCID50 at various time points were determined by IFA and calculated according to the Reed-Muench method.

: (-)-Epicatechin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Viruses. 2020 Feb 4;12(2):176. [Abstract]; EGCG inhibited the infectivity of PCV2. PK-15 cells were inoculated with PCV2 at MOI=1.0 with EGCG or (-)-Epicatechin (EC, 10-100 μM) addition. The expression inhibition of PCV2 capsid protein was detected by immunoblotting at 72 hpi.

: (-)-Epicatechin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Viruses. 2020 Feb 4;12(2):176. [Abstract]; EGCG inhibited the infectivity of PCV2. PK-15 cells were inoculated with PCV2 at MOI=1.0 with EGCG or (-)-Epicatechin (EC, 10-100 μM) addition. PCV2 genome copies were measured by real-time PCR.

: (-)-Epicatechin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Viruses. 2020 Feb 4;12(2):176. [Abstract]; EGCG inhibited the infectivity of PCV2. PK-15 cells were inoculated with PCV2 at MOI=1.0 with EGCG or (-)-Epicatechin (EC, 10-100 μM) addition. Indirect IFA detection of PCV2 infected cells.

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Biological Activity
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Customer Review

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]

COX-1

3.2 μM (IC₅₀)

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	ED₅₀	> 10 μg/mL Compound: 47	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay	[PMID: 1431932]
BMDC	IC₅₀	> 50 μM Compound: 17	Inhibition of LPS-induced IL-12 p40 production in wild-type C57BL/6 mouse BMDC pretreated with compound for 1 hr before LPS treatment measured 16 hrs by ELISA Inhibition of LPS-induced IL-12 p40 production in wild-type C57BL/6 mouse BMDC pretreated with compound for 1 hr before LPS treatment measured 16 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 25769817]
BMDC	IC₅₀	> 50 μM Compound: 17	Inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production in wild-type C57BL/6 mouse BMDC pretreated with compound for 1 hr before LPS treatment measured 16 hrs by ELISA Inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production in wild-type C57BL/6 mouse BMDC pretreated with compound for 1 hr before LPS treatment measured 16 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 25769817]
BMDC	IC₅₀	> 50 μM Compound: 17	Inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha production in wild-type C57BL/6 mouse BMDC pretreated with compound for 1 hr before LPS treatment measured 16 hrs by ELISA Inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha production in wild-type C57BL/6 mouse BMDC pretreated with compound for 1 hr before LPS treatment measured 16 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 25769817]
BV-2	IC₅₀	47.37 μM Compound: 11	Antineuroinflammatory activity in human BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production after 24 hrs in presence of LPS by Griess reaction Antineuroinflammatory activity in human BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production after 24 hrs in presence of LPS by Griess reaction	[PMID: 27623545]
DLD-1	IC₅₀	415 μM Compound: epicatechin	Inhibition of COX2 mRNA expression in human DLD1 cells Inhibition of COX2 mRNA expression in human DLD1 cells	[PMID: 16038536]
DLD-1	IC₅₀	> 25 μM Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells	[PMID: 18039011]
HCT-8	ED₅₀	> 10 μg/mL Compound: 47	Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay	[PMID: 1431932]
HUVEC	IC₅₀	> 100 μM Compound: 37	Inhibition of NADPH oxidase in Homo sapiens (human) HUVEC cells Inhibition of NADPH oxidase in Homo sapiens (human) HUVEC cells	10.1007/s00044-012-0353-y
HeLa	IC₅₀	> 25 μM Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells	[PMID: 18039011]
KB	ED₅₀	> 10 μg/mL Compound: 47	Cytotoxicity against human KB cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay Cytotoxicity against human KB cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay	[PMID: 1431932]
L929	EC₅₀	300 μM Compound: epicatechin	Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by crystal violet staining Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by crystal violet staining	[PMID: 9287415]
L929	EC₅₀	350 μM Compound: epicatechin	Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation assay Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation assay	[PMID: 9287415]
LNCaP	EC₅₀	13 μM Compound: 1	Decrease in androgen receptor protein expression in LNCaP cells by Western blotting Decrease in androgen receptor protein expression in LNCaP cells by Western blotting	[PMID: 17383188]
MT4	CC₅₀	136.2 μg/mL Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MT4 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 10425115]
MT4	IC₅₀	34.1 μg/mL Compound: 11	Antiviral activity against HIV infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTT assay Antiviral activity against HIV infected in human MT4 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect by MTT assay	[PMID: 10425115]
PC-3	IC₅₀	> 500 μM Compound: 2	In vitro inhibitory concentration against PC-3 cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation In vitro inhibitory concentration against PC-3 cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation	[PMID: 15380225]
Platelet	IC₅₀	22.22 μg/mL Compound: (-)-epi-Catechin	Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry	[PMID: 21106454]
Platelet	IC₅₀	> 50 μg/mL Compound: (-)-epi-Catechin	Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry	[PMID: 21106454]
SK-OV-3	IC₅₀	> 500 μM Compound: 2	In vitro inhibitory concentration against SKOV3 cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation In vitro inhibitory concentration against SKOV3 cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation	[PMID: 15380225]
TE-671	ED₅₀	> 10 μg/mL Compound: 47	Cytotoxicity against human TE671 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay Cytotoxicity against human TE671 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay	[PMID: 1431932]
U-373MG ATCC	IC₅₀	> 500 μM Compound: 2	In vitro inhibitory concentration against U373MG cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation In vitro inhibitory concentration against U373MG cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation	[PMID: 15380225]
Vero	IC₅₀	184.1 μM Compound: 5	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 4 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 4 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 16724851]

In Vitro

(-)-Epicatechin exhibits >95% inhibitory activity at 70 μg/mL against cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC₅₀ of 3.2 μM^[1]. (-)-Epicatechin inhibits the IL-1β-induced expression of iNOS by blocking the nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB. In RINm5F cells, (-)-Epicatechin is shown to block the inhibition of insulin release after addition of IL-1β. Additionally, (-)-Epicatechin is shown to inhibit the proliferation of Hodgkin's lymphoma cells and Jurkat T cells, which is attributed to the ability of (-)-Epicatechin to inhibit the binding of NF-κB to DNA in these cells. In human colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells, combining 20?μM Panaxadiol with 150, 200, or 250?μM (-)-Epicatechin results in growth inhibition of 51%, 97%, and 95%, respectively. The combination also increases the apoptosis level by 11.9%, 16.6%, and 25.8%, as examined by annexin V/PI staining^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Animals receive 1 mg/kg of (-)-Epicatechin or water (vehicle) via oral gavage (twice daily). Exercise groups undergo 15 days of treadmill exercise. Significant increases in treadmill performance (~50%) and enhanced in situ muscle fatigue resistance (~30%) are observed with (-)-Epicatechin^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

Molecular Weight

290.27

Formula

C₁₅H₁₄O₆

CAS No.

490-46-0

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to light yellow

SMILES

O[C@H]1[C@@H](C2=CC=C(O)C(O)=C2)OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C1

Structure Classification

Initial Source

Endogenous metabolite

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (344.51 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 2 mg/mL (6.89 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	3.4451 mL	17.2253 mL	34.4507 mL
5 mM	0.6890 mL	3.4451 mL	6.8901 mL
10 mM	0.3445 mL	1.7225 mL	3.4451 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.61 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.61 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.61 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.00%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (277 KB) SDS (394 KB)

COA (249 KB) LCMS (147 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Waffo-Téguo P, et al. Potential cancer-chemopreventive activities of wine stilbenoids and flavans extracted from grape (Vitis vinifera) cell cultures. Nutr Cancer. 2001;40(2):173-9. [Content Brief]

[2]. Shay J, et al. Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Effects of (-)-Epicatechin and Other Polyphenols in Cancer, Inflammation, Diabetes, and Neurodegeneration. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2015;2015:181260. [Content Brief]

[3]. Nogueira L, et al. (-)-Epicatechin enhances fatigue resistance and oxidative capacity in mouse muscle. J Physiol. 2011 Sep 15;589(Pt 18):4615-31. [Content Brief]

Animal Administration
^[3]

Mice^[3]
1-year-old, male C57BL/6N mice (n=25) are randomized into four groups. Mice in the (-)-Epicatechin groups 3 and 4 are given 1.0 mg/kg twice a day (morning and evening) for 15 consecutive days, whereas animals in the control groups 1 and 2 receive the vehicle (water). Both (-)-Epicatechin and vehicle are administered via oral gavage^[3].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

References

[1]. Waffo-Téguo P, et al. Potential cancer-chemopreventive activities of wine stilbenoids and flavans extracted from grape (Vitis vinifera) cell cultures. Nutr Cancer. 2001;40(2):173-9. [Content Brief]

[2]. Shay J, et al. Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Effects of (-)-Epicatechin and Other Polyphenols in Cancer, Inflammation, Diabetes, and Neurodegeneration. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2015;2015:181260. [Content Brief]

[3]. Nogueira L, et al. (-)-Epicatechin enhances fatigue resistance and oxidative capacity in mouse muscle. J Physiol. 2011 Sep 15;589(Pt 18):4615-31. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	3.4451 mL	17.2253 mL	34.4507 mL	86.1267 mL
H₂O / DMSO	5 mM	0.6890 mL	3.4451 mL	6.8901 mL	17.2253 mL
DMSO	10 mM	0.3445 mL	1.7225 mL	3.4451 mL	8.6127 mL
	15 mM	0.2297 mL	1.1484 mL	2.2967 mL	5.7418 mL
	20 mM	0.1723 mL	0.8613 mL	1.7225 mL	4.3063 mL
	25 mM	0.1378 mL	0.6890 mL	1.3780 mL	3.4451 mL
	30 mM	0.1148 mL	0.5742 mL	1.1484 mL	2.8709 mL
	40 mM	0.0861 mL	0.4306 mL	0.8613 mL	2.1532 mL
	50 mM	0.0689 mL	0.3445 mL	0.6890 mL	1.7225 mL
	60 mM	0.0574 mL	0.2871 mL	0.5742 mL	1.4354 mL
	80 mM	0.0431 mL	0.2153 mL	0.4306 mL	1.0766 mL
	100 mM	0.0345 mL	0.1723 mL	0.3445 mL	0.8613 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

(-)-Epicatechin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

(-)-Epicatechin490-46-0(-)-Epicatechol Epicatechin epi-CatechinCOXFerroptosisEndogenous MetaboliteCyclooxygenaseInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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(-)-Epicatechin (Synonyms: (-)-Epicatechol; Epicatechin; epi-Catechin)

Customer Review

Other Forms of (-)-Epicatechin:

(-)-Epicatechin Related Antibodies

12 Publications Citing Use of MCE (-)-Epicatechin

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•Related Small Molecules:

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Biological Activity

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Customer Review

(-)-Epicatechin Related Antibodies

Molarity Calculator

Dilution Calculator

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

(-)-Epicatechin Related Classifications

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