Cat. No.: HY-14590

Kaempferol

(Synonyms: Kempferol; Robigenin)

85 Cited Publications

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Based on 85 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Kaempferol (Kempferol), a flavonoid found in many edible plants, inhibits estrogen receptor α expression in breast cancer cells and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells and lung cancer cells by activation of MEK-MAPK. Kaempferol can be uesd for the research of breast cancer.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.92%
CAS No.: 520-18-3
Formula: C₁₅H₁₀O₆
Molecular Weight:286.24

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months

Kaempferol Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 520-18-3

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (85)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
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Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]

ERα	Human Endogenous Metabolite

All Estrogen Receptor/ERR Isoforms :

All HIV Isoforms :

All Parasite Isoforms :

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A-375	IC₅₀	12.05 ng/mL Compound: 10	Cytotoxicity in human A375 cells Cytotoxicity in human A375 cells	[PMID: 28793973]
A-431	IC₅₀	3 μg/mL Compound: 16	Inhibition of EGFR in human A431 cells Inhibition of EGFR in human A431 cells	[PMID: 1479375]
A549	IC₅₀	>20 μg/mL Compound: Kaempferol	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
A549	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 5	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28165740]
A549	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33979163]
B16	IC₅₀	20 μM Compound: 10	Inhibition of melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs Inhibition of melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs	[PMID: 19615910]
B16	IC₅₀	53.7 μM Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against mouse B16 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse B16 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25659770]
B16-4A5	IC₅₀	88 μM Compound: 10	Inhibition of theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cell proliferation assessed as cell viability after 68 hrs by WST8 assay Inhibition of theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cell proliferation assessed as cell viability after 68 hrs by WST8 assay	[PMID: 19615910]
B16-4A5	IC₅₀	25 μM Compound: 16	Inhibition of theophylline-stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs Inhibition of theophylline-stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs	[PMID: 20189399]
BEAS-2B	IC₅₀	0.35 mM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against human BEAS-2B cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human BEAS-2B cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33231455]
BGC-823	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against human BGC-823 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human BGC-823 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33979163]
BT-549	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 5	Cytotoxicity against human BT549 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human BT549 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28165740]
BV-2	IC₅₀	8.86 μM Compound: 5	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitrite production after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse BV2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitrite production after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 28165740]
BV-2	IC₅₀	10.59 μM Compound: 97	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse BV-2 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced NO production Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse BV-2 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced NO production	[PMID: 37683361]
BV-2	IC₅₀	52.4 μM Compound: 97	Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse BV-2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced PGE2 production pretreated for 2 hrs followed stimulated with LPS for 22 hrs by ELISA analysis Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse BV-2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced PGE2 production pretreated for 2 hrs followed stimulated with LPS for 22 hrs by ELISA analysis	[PMID: 37683361]
BV-2	IC₅₀	60.1 μM Compound: 97	Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse BV-2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced COX-2 expression pretreated for 2 hrs followed stimulated with LPS for 22 hrs by ELISA analysis Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse BV-2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced COX-2 expression pretreated for 2 hrs followed stimulated with LPS for 22 hrs by ELISA analysis	[PMID: 37683361]
BV-2	IC₅₀	80.8 μM Compound: 97	Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse BV-2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-1beta secretion pretreated for 2 hrs followed stimulated with LPS for 22 hrs by ELISA analysis Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse BV-2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-1beta secretion pretreated for 2 hrs followed stimulated with LPS for 22 hrs by ELISA analysis	[PMID: 37683361]
BV-2	IC₅₀	80.8 μM Compound: 97	Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse BV-2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 pre-treated for 2 hrs followed stimulated with LPS for 22 hrs Anti-inflammatory activity against mouse BV-2 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 pre-treated for 2 hrs followed stimulated with LPS for 22 hrs	[PMID: 37683361]
Ca9-22	IC₅₀	>20 μg/mL Compound: Kaempferol	Cytotoxicity against human Ca9-22 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Ca9-22 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
CHO-K1	IC₅₀	0.24 mM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against CHO-K1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against CHO-K1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33231455]
CWR22R	IC₅₀	>40 μM Compound: 19	Antiproliferative activity against human 22Rv1 cells incubated up to 144 hrs by Coulter particle count and size analyzer Antiproliferative activity against human 22Rv1 cells incubated up to 144 hrs by Coulter particle count and size analyzer	[PMID: 22789812]
HCC1937	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against human HCC1937 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HCC1937 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33979163]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against human HCT-116 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HCT-116 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33979163]
HEK293	IC₅₀	0.36 μM Compound: 19	Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol	[PMID: 18533708]
HEK293	IC₅₀	1.05 μM Compound: 19	Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol	[PMID: 18533708]
HEK293	IC₅₀	1.2 μM Compound: 7h	Inhibition of NOX4 expressed in HEK293 FS cells assessed as H2O2 production by H2O2/Tyr/LPO assay Inhibition of NOX4 expressed in HEK293 FS cells assessed as H2O2 production by H2O2/Tyr/LPO assay	[PMID: 20731357]
HEK293	IC₅₀	3.9 μM Compound: 21	Inhibition of human TRPC5 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in gadolinium-induced calcium entry after 30 mins by fluo-4 dye based fluorescence assay Inhibition of human TRPC5 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in gadolinium-induced calcium entry after 30 mins by fluo-4 dye based fluorescence assay	[PMID: 30943030]
HeLa	IC₅₀	2.4 μg/mL Compound: 6	Antiallergic activity in Ca(2+)-stimulated differentiated human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of cys-leukotriene release after 6 days by ELISA Antiallergic activity in Ca(2+)-stimulated differentiated human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of cys-leukotriene release after 6 days by ELISA	[PMID: 19942440]
Hep 3B2	IC₅₀	17.74 μg/mL Compound: Kaempferol	Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
HepG2	IC₅₀	>20 μg/mL Compound: Kaempferol	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
HepG2	IC₅₀	>400 μM Compound: 33	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21726077]
HepG2	IC₅₀	9.64 μM Compound: 5	Inverse agonist activity at human GAL4-DBD-fused ERRalpha-LBD transfected in human HepG2 cells assessed as disruption of interaction with PGC-1alpha after 24 hrs by dual luciferase reporter gene assay Inverse agonist activity at human GAL4-DBD-fused ERRalpha-LBD transfected in human HepG2 cells assessed as disruption of interaction with PGC-1alpha after 24 hrs by dual luciferase reporter gene assay	[PMID: 23656512]
HepG2	EC₅₀	7.74 μM Compound: Kaempferol	Antioxidant activity in human HepG2 cells assessed as decrease in fluorescence level after 2.5 hrs measured every 5 mins for 1 hr by DCFH-DA staining based fluorescence assay Antioxidant activity in human HepG2 cells assessed as decrease in fluorescence level after 2.5 hrs measured every 5 mins for 1 hr by DCFH-DA staining based fluorescence assay	[PMID: 26974372]
HepG2	EC₅₀	7.74 μmol Compound: Kaempferol	Antioxidant activity in human HepG2 cells assessed as decrease in fluorescence level after 2.5 hrs measured every 5 mins for 1 hr by DCFH-DA staining based fluorescence assay Antioxidant activity in human HepG2 cells assessed as decrease in fluorescence level after 2.5 hrs measured every 5 mins for 1 hr by DCFH-DA staining based fluorescence assay	[PMID: 26974372]
HepG2	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33979163]
HepG2	IC₅₀	20.5 μM Compound: 97	Anti-inflammatory activity against TNFalpha-induced human HepG2 cells assessed as inhibition of NF-kappaB activity pre-indubated for 1 hr followed by TNFalpha treatment measured for 5 hrs by luciferase based assay Anti-inflammatory activity against TNFalpha-induced human HepG2 cells assessed as inhibition of NF-kappaB activity pre-indubated for 1 hr followed by TNFalpha treatment measured for 5 hrs by luciferase based assay	[PMID: 37683361]
HL-60	IC₅₀	10 μg/mL Compound: 9	Antioxidant activity in human HL60 cells assessed as reduction of cytochrome-c release Antioxidant activity in human HL60 cells assessed as reduction of cytochrome-c release	[PMID: 10650074]
Huh-7	CC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 26	Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 22445328]
HUVEC	IC₅₀	10 μM Compound: 5, Kaempferol	Inhibition of NADPH oxidase in Homo sapiens (human) HUVEC cells Inhibition of NADPH oxidase in Homo sapiens (human) HUVEC cells	10.1007/s00044-012-0353-y
J774.2	IC₅₀	53.67 μM Compound: 1	Cytotoxicity against BALB/c mouse J774.2 cells after 72 hrs by trypan blue assay Cytotoxicity against BALB/c mouse J774.2 cells after 72 hrs by trypan blue assay	[PMID: 19489596]
Jurkat	IC₅₀	10.5 μM Compound: Kaempferol	Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of purified human 20S proteasome expressed in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC as substrate incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence based method Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of purified human 20S proteasome expressed in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC as substrate incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence based method	[PMID: 30776692]
Jurkat	IC₅₀	11 μM Compound: Kaempferol	Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of human 26S proteasome in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-AMC as substrate after 24 hrs by fluorescence based method Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of human 26S proteasome in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-AMC as substrate after 24 hrs by fluorescence based method	[PMID: 30776692]
L929	EC₅₀	20 μM Compound: kaempferol	Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by crystal violet staining Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by crystal violet staining	[PMID: 9287415]
L929	EC₅₀	25 μM Compound: kaempferol	Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation assay Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation assay	[PMID: 9287415]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>20 μg/mL Compound: Kaempferol	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
MCF7	IC₅₀	6.2 μM Compound: 12	Inhibition of BCRP expressed in MCF-7 MX cells using Hoechst 33342 staining Inhibition of BCRP expressed in MCF-7 MX cells using Hoechst 33342 staining	[PMID: 21354800]
MCF7	IC₅₀	50 μM Compound: Kaempferol	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 6 days by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 6 days by SRB assay	[PMID: 33257172]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33979163]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	>20 μg/mL Compound: Kaempferol	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 21106454]
MDCK	CC₅₀	>300 μM Compound: 3	Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 19729316]
MDCK	EC₅₀	18.5 μM Compound: 3	Antiviral activity against influenza A virus H9N2 A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/96 infected in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect Antiviral activity against influenza A virus H9N2 A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/96 infected in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect	[PMID: 19729316]
MDCK	EC₅₀	30.2 μM Compound: 3	Antiviral activity against influenza A virus H1N1 A/PR/8/34 infected in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect Antiviral activity against influenza A virus H1N1 A/PR/8/34 infected in MDCK cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathic effect	[PMID: 19729316]
MDCK	IC₅₀	4.7 μM Compound: 12	Inhibition of BCRP expressed in MDCK cells using Hoechst 33342 staining Inhibition of BCRP expressed in MDCK cells using Hoechst 33342 staining	[PMID: 21354800]
MDCK	CC₅₀	581.3 μM Compound: Kaempferol	Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells	[PMID: 25096296]
Monocyte	IC₅₀	20 μM Compound: Kaempferol	Inhibition of TNFalpha expression in LPS-stimulated human monocytes treated 30 mins before LPS challenge measured after 14 hrs by ELISA Inhibition of TNFalpha expression in LPS-stimulated human monocytes treated 30 mins before LPS challenge measured after 14 hrs by ELISA	[PMID: 10096854]
Monocyte	IC₅₀	2.7 μM Compound: kaempferol	Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs	[PMID: 8882428]
Monocyte	IC₅₀	2.7 x 10^-6 M Compound: kaempferol	Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs	[PMID: 8882428]
MV4-11	GI₅₀	3.34 μM Compound: 5	Cytotoxicity against human MV4-11 cells harboring FLT3 mutation after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human MV4-11 cells harboring FLT3 mutation after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay	[PMID: 23411073]
Osteoclast	IC₅₀	1.6 μM Compound: kaempferol	Induction of mouse osteoclast apoptosis Induction of mouse osteoclast apoptosis	[PMID: 17994703]
P388	ED₅₀	6.7 μg/mL Compound: Kaempferol	Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells	[PMID: 3404159]
Peritoneal macrophage	IC₅₀	29 μM Compound: 5; kp19	Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in ddy mouse peritoneal macrophages measured after 20 hrs by Greiss method Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in ddy mouse peritoneal macrophages measured after 20 hrs by Greiss method	[PMID: 27955927]
Platelet	IC₅₀	>50 μg/mL Compound: Kaempferol	Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry	[PMID: 21106454]
Platelet	IC₅₀	3.55 μg/mL Compound: Kaempferol	Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry	[PMID: 21106454]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	<15 μM Compound: kaempherol	Inhibition of COX2 mRNA expression in mouse RAW264.7 cells Inhibition of COX2 mRNA expression in mouse RAW264.7 cells	[PMID: 16038536]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	60.2 μM Compound: 7	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess method Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess method	[PMID: 21353543]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	80.3 μM Compound: 7	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha secretion after 18 hrs Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha secretion after 18 hrs	[PMID: 21353543]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	13.4 μM Compound: 5; kp19	Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess method Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess method	[PMID: 27955927]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	13.4 μM Compound: 5; kp19	Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Greiss method Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Greiss method	[PMID: 27955927]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	15 μM Compound: 5; kp19	Inhibition of LPS/INF-gamma-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 16 hrs Inhibition of LPS/INF-gamma-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 16 hrs	[PMID: 27955927]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	17 μM Compound: 5; kp19	Inhibition of LPS/INF-gamma-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess method Inhibition of LPS/INF-gamma-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess method	[PMID: 27955927]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	17 μM Compound: 5; kp19	Inhibition of LPS/INF-gamma-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Greiss method Inhibition of LPS/INF-gamma-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Greiss method	[PMID: 27955927]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	13.4 μM Compound: Kaempferol	Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in rat RAW264.7 cells pretreated for 2 hrs followed by LPS-stimulation after 16 hrs by Griess assay Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in rat RAW264.7 cells pretreated for 2 hrs followed by LPS-stimulation after 16 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 28662961]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	13.3 μM Compound: 97	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in LPS-stimulated IL-6 mRNA level incubated for 3 hrs by RT-qPCR analysis Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in LPS-stimulated IL-6 mRNA level incubated for 3 hrs by RT-qPCR analysis	[PMID: 37683361]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	14.13 μM Compound: 97	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced NO production by ELISA analysis Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced NO production by ELISA analysis	[PMID: 37683361]
RS4-11	GI₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 5	Cytotoxicity against human RS4:11 cells harboring wild type FLT3 after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay Cytotoxicity against human RS4:11 cells harboring wild type FLT3 after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay	[PMID: 23411073]
Sf21	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 6	Inhibition of human recombinant COX2 expressed in insect Sf21 cells by EIA assay Inhibition of human recombinant COX2 expressed in insect Sf21 cells by EIA assay	[PMID: 17378609]
SK-MEL-2	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 5	Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28165740]
SK-OV-3	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 5	Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 28165740]
THP-1	IC₅₀	15.92 μM Compound: 97	Anti-inflammatory activity in human THP-1 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated NO production by ELISA analysis Anti-inflammatory activity in human THP-1 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated NO production by ELISA analysis	[PMID: 37683361]
Vero	CC₅₀	91.5 μg/mL Compound: kaempferol	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells	[PMID: 1338212]

In Vitro

Kaempferol also has anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of interleukin-4 and cyclo-oxygenase 2 expression by suppressing Src kinase and downregulating the NFκB pathway. Kaempferol is also effective in inhibiting angiogenesis and inducing apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells^[1]. Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid that is widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, and prospective studies revealed that over decades, consumption of Kaempferol dramatically and significantly reduces the risk of ovarian cancer in American female nurses. After a 24-hour treatment, Kaempferol causes a significant and concentration-dependent inhibition of proliferation in all 3 ovarian cancer cells tested. This inhibition is observed at 40 μM or higher concentrations of treatment^[2]. Kaempferol is a flavonoid which is abundant in a variety of plant derived food and leaves used in traditional medicines. Kaempferol significantly inhibits NADPH oxidase activity. Kaempferol decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) by directly bound NADPH oxidase. Kaempferol prevents Ang II-induced sinus nodal cell death by lowering CAMKII oxidization^[3].10-20 μM Kaempferol dose-dependently suppresses its release in sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. When 10-20 μM Kaempferol is supplemented to DNP-BSA-challenged RBL-2H3 cells for 15 min, the activation of Syk and PLCγ is highly attenuated. When ≥10 μM Kaempferol is added to DNP-BSA-challenged RBL-2H3 cells for 60 min, the COX2 induction is reduced^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

The COX2 induction is confirmed in the airways of BSA-challenged BALB/c mice. There is lack of COX2 in airways of untreated control mice observed. The BSA inhalation to mice led to enhanced COX2 induction (dark brown staining) in mouse airway, which is reversed by oral administration of Kaempferol. In BSA-challenged mice, there is a marked goblet cell hyperplasia and epithelial thickening observed. When 20 mg/kg Kaempferol is supplemented to BSA-challenged mice, the epithelial thickening completely disappeared^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 520-18-3
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 286.24
Formula C₁₅H₁₀O₆
Color Light yellow to yellow
SMILES

OC1=C2C(OC(C3=CC=C(O)C=C3)=C(O)C2=O)=CC(O)=C1
Synonyms

Kempferol; Robigenin
Structure Classification
- Flavonoids
- Flavonols
- Phenols
- Polyphenols
Initial Source
- Plants
- other families
- Endogenous metabolite
- Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites
- Microorganisms
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	1 year
	-20°C	6 months

Publications (85)

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Journal Impact Factor

Nat Biomed Eng

Amelioration of Alzheimer's disease pathology by mitophagy inducers identified via machine learning and a cross-species workflow. [Abstract]

2022 Jan;6(1):76-93. PMID: 34992270
Nat Aging

Targeting senescence induced by age or chemotherapy with a polyphenol-rich natural extract improves longevity and healthspan in mice. [Abstract]

2024 Sep;4(9):1231-1248. PMID: 38951692
Nat Commun

Flavonoid pathway intermediates implicate UVR8 in functions beyond canonical UV-B signaling. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 21;16(1):7810. PMID: 40841532
Sci Adv

A genome-wide genetic screen reveals the P2Y2-integrin axis as a stabilizer of EGFR mutants in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). [Abstract]

2026 Jan 23;12(4):eadv3980. PMID: 41564171
J Hazard Mater

Ammonia-induced exosomal miRNA disrupts autophagy and promotes lung injury: Therapeutic potential of natural compounds. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 15:506:141417. PMID: 41775203
Food Chem

Effects of sun drying combined with baking processes on the flavor quality of Chongqing Tuocha raw tea. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 30:497:146992. PMID: 41285060
Food Chem

Flavonoid-mediated metabolic underpinning quality variation in red bud-sport pear mutants. [Abstract]

2025 May 31:489:144992. PMID: 40466530
Food Chem

Discovery of novel ascorbic acid derivatives and other metabolites in fruit of Rosa roxburghii Tratt through untargeted metabolomics and feature-based molecular networking. [Abstract]

2023 Mar 30;405(Pt A):134807. PMID: 36370576
Adv Healthc Mater

Designed Liquid Crystalline Nanoassemblies From Clinically Validated Polyunsaturated Lipids for Combined Antioxidant, Anti-Apoptotic, and Neurotrophic Treatments. [Abstract]

2026 Jun;15(21):e05595. PMID: 41937329
Phytomedicine

2026 May 15:157:158305. PMID: 42184499
Phytomedicine

Kaempferol attenuated LPS-induced microglial neurotoxicity by promoting mitophagy to inhibit mtDNA-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 25:148:157486. PMID: 41202376

Kaempferol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Nov 25:148:157486. [Abstract]

Cell viability analysis showed that Kaempferol (KAE) (0. 20, 30, 40, 50, 60,70 μM, 24 h) treatment at concentrations up to 50 μM had no effect on the viability of BV2 cells, compared with control group.

Kaempferol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Nov 25:148:157486. [Abstract]

IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression levels in BV2 cells significantly reduced by Kaempferol (KAE) (10, 20, 30, 40 μM, 24 h) addition in a concentration-dependent manner.

Kaempferol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Nov 25:148:157486. [Abstract]

Pretreatment of Kaempferol (KAE) (20,40 μM, 24 h) mitigated a significant increase in LPS-induced BV2 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.

Kaempferol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 Nov 25:148:157486. [Abstract]

Kaempferol (KAE) (20, 40 μM, 24 h) significantly reduced the phagocytic activity of BV2 cells induced by LPS by fluorescence microscopy.
Phytomedicine

Herbal-based Xuebijing injection ameliorated vascular endothelial dysfunction via inhibiting ACLY/MYB/RIG-I axis in sepsis-associated lung injury. [Abstract]

2025 May:140:156573. PMID: 40088739

Kaempferol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2025 May:140:156573. [Abstract]

HUVEC were pretreated with Kaempferol (50 μM) before LPS stimulation. Western Blotting was used to detect the levels of phosphorylated ACLY, RIG-I and phosphorylated p65.
Phytomedicine

Fangchinoline suppresses nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by inhibiting SQLE to regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway dysregulation. [Abstract]

2025 May:140:156484. PMID: 40090046
Phytomedicine

Chaihuang Yishen Granule ameliorates mitochondrial homeostasis by upregulating PRDX5/TFAM axis to inhibit renal fibrosis in CKD. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 30:139:156426. PMID: 39955823
Phytomedicine

Kaempferol inhibits non-homologous end joining repair via regulating Ku80 stability in glioma cancer. [Abstract]

2023 Jul 25:116:154876. PMID: 37210962
Free Radic Biol Med

Kaempferol alleviates inflammatory osteolysis by directly activating NRF2 in osteoclasts and modulating the immune microenvironment. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 23:S0891-5849(26)00137-1. PMID: 41740690
Food Chem X

Comparison of the methylglyoxal scavenging effects of kaempferol and glutathione and the consequences for the toxicity of methylglyoxal in SH-SY5Y cells. [Abstract]

2023 Oct 6:20:100920. PMID: 38144772
New Phytol

Transcription factor SlJIG orchestrates multi-layer defense in tomato against the invasive pest Phthorimaea absoluta. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 7. PMID: 41355216
Biomed Pharmacother

Kaempferol attenuates doxorubicin-induced renal tubular injury by inhibiting ROS/ASK1-mediated activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2023 Jan:157:114087. PMID: 36481400

Kaempferol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Jan:157:114087. [Abstract]

Kaempferol (KPF; 100 μM; pretreat for 1 h) significantly inhibits the Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced increased expression of apoptosis-related proteins including cleaved-caspase3, p-P53, and reverses the decline of the ratio of Bcl2 to Bax, indicating that Kaempferol suppresses apoptosis in tubular epithelial cells.
PLoS Biol

A high-throughput behavioral screening platform for measuring chemotaxis by C. elegans. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 27;22(6):e3002672. PMID: 38935621
Food Front

2025 Aug 19.
Cell Rep

Pharmacological boosting of cGAS activation sensitizes chemotherapy by enhancing antitumor immunity. [Abstract]

2023 Mar 20;42(3):112275. PMID: 36943864
Phytother Res

Kaempferol Suppresses Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Development via Modulation of Macrophage Polarization Through the STAT/TNF Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]

2026 May;40(5):2948-2964. PMID: 41816920
Ind Crops Prod

2026 May 8;246:123392.
Ind Crops Prod

2025 Dec 11;239:122458.
J Agric Food Chem

Transcription Repressor SsGATA2 Regulates Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Fungicides and Pathogenicity in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 9;73(27):16787-16803. PMID: 40558024
Food Biosci

2024 Nov 28.
Chin Med

2026 Jun 4;21(1):160. PMID: 42243877
Chin Med

The combination of Schisandrin C and Luteolin synergistically attenuates hepatitis B virus infection via repressing HBV replication and promoting cGAS-STING pathway activation in macrophages. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 18;19(1):48. PMID: 38500179
Biochem Pharmacol

Kaempferol reprograms pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization by targeting the PTGS2-PGE2 axis: A multi-omics deconvolution of a traditional anti-inflammatory herb pair. [Abstract]

2026 Jun:248:117865. PMID: 41794261
J Ethnopharmacol

Integrating UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, network pharmacology, bioinformatics and experimental validation to uncover the anti-cancer mechanisms of TiaoPi AnChang decoction in colorectal cancer. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 11:118576. PMID: 39002822
J Ethnopharmacol

Huaier suppresses cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer by inhibiting the JNK/JUN/IL-8 signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2024 Jan 30;319(Pt 2):117270. PMID: 37832810
J Ethnopharmacol

Kaempferol attenuates wear particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis via JNK and p38-MAPK signaling pathways. [Abstract]

2023 Aug 11;318(Pt B):117019. PMID: 37574017
J Ethnopharmacol

Research into the anti-pulmonary fibrosis mechanism of Renshen Pingfei formula based on network pharmacology, metabolomics, and verification of AMPK/PPAR-γ pathway of active ingredients. [Abstract]

2023 Dec 5:317:116773. PMID: 37308028
J Ethnopharmacol

Marsdenia tenacissima extract induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated immunogenic cell death in non-small cell lung cancer cells through targeting AXL. [Abstract]

2023 Oct 5:314:116620. PMID: 37207882
Inflammopharmacology

Vitexin mitigates oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, pyroptosis and regulates small nucleolar RNA host gene 1/DNA methyltransferase 1/microRNA-495 axis in sepsis-associated acute lung injury. [Abstract]

2025 Mar;33(3):1435-1454. PMID: 39641834
Inflammation

Kaempferol Remodels Liver Monocyte Populations and Treats Hepatic Fibrosis in Mice by Modulating Intestinal Flora and Metabolic Reprogramming. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 12. PMID: 39531210
CNS Neurosci Ther

Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction ameliorates traumatic brain injury-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction by regulating CD36/15-LO/NR4A1 signaling, which fails when CD36 and CX3CR1 are deficient. [Abstract]

2023 Jun;29 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):161-184. PMID: 37157929
Int J Oncol

Targeting the cuproptosis‑associated gene COL22A1 in glioblastoma using EMD‑1204831 and kaempferol. [Abstract]

2025 May;66(5):38. PMID: 40242972
Biomolecules

Targeting Cellular Senescence to Enhance Human Endometrial Stromal Cell Decidualization and Inhibit Their Migration. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 16;15(6):873. PMID: 40563513
Int Immunopharmacol

2026 Jun 15:185:116994. PMID: 42296781
Int Immunopharmacol

Kaempferol inhibits atherosclerotic plaque development via dual-targeting of p53-p21-p16 senescence pathway and Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 antioxidant mechanism: Insights from combined in vivo and in vitro research. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 20:166:115587. PMID: 40976052
Cancers (Basel)

Antitumor Effects of Broadleaf Vetch Against Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through Dual Mechanisms: Suppressing EMT and Inducing Ferroptosis with Predicted Hepatorenal Toxicity-An Integrative Network Pharmacology and Toxicology Study. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 24;18(3):370. PMID: 41681841
Biol Proced Online

Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation Reveal Aidi Injection Suppresses Prostate Cancer via EGFR Inhibition and STAT3-Mediated Apoptosis. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 22;27(1):48. PMID: 41430119
J Cell Mol Med

The Flavonoid Kaempferol Mitigates Periprosthetic Osteolysis by Regulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Balancing Bone Metabolism. [Abstract]

2025 Oct;29(19):e70878. PMID: 41053962
J Ovarian Res

Mechanisms of Bushen Tiaoxue Granules against controlled ovarian hyperstimulation-induced abnormal morphology of endometrium based on network pharmacology. [Abstract]

2024 Jan 26;17(1):25. PMID: 38279186
Pestic Biochem Physiol

Mechanistic insights into chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid as novel juvenile hormone antagonists. [Abstract]

2025 Dec:215:106655. PMID: 41162045
Sci Rep

Kaempferol inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by targeting the TNF-α/NF-κB and SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 27;16(1):6269. PMID: 41593181
Sci Rep

Probing the molecular mechanism of kaempferol in relieving rheumatoid arthritis based on network pharmacology. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 12;15(1):12645. PMID: 40221466
Sci Rep

Network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation to explore the mechanism of kaempferol in the treatment of osteoporosis. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 26;14(1):7088. PMID: 38528143
Neurochem Res

Kaempferol Plays a Neuroprotection Role by Alleviating Oxidative Stress via AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway and Inhibiting Apoptosis in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 6;50(5):291. PMID: 40913617
Mol Divers

Investigating the molecular mechanism of epimedium herb in treating rheumatoid arthritis through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 16. PMID: 39821498
Mol Cell Biochem

Deciphering the therapeutic mechanism of kaempferol in diabetic retinopathy via the P21/Thioredoxin axis. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 23. PMID: 41129046
Heliyon

Integrating network analysis and experimental validation to reveal the mechanism of si-jun-zi decoction in the treatment of renal fibrosis. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 2;10(16):e35489. PMID: 39220912
Food Chem Toxicol

The environmental estrogen Bisphenol (A) enhances lung cancer progression in vitro and in vivo in presence of estradiol by targeting PI3k/Akt pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 2:215:116197. PMID: 42235672
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol

Kaempferol attenuates cyclosporine-induced renal tubular injury via inhibiting the ROS-ASK1-MAPK pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Mar;398(3):3001-3014. PMID: 39316086
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol

Exploring the immunological mechanism of Houttuynia cordata in the treatment of colorectal cancer through combined network pharmacology and experimental validation. [Abstract]

2024 Nov;397(11):9095-9110. PMID: 38888753
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)

Kaempferol Improves Breast Cancer-Related Depression through the COX-2/PGE2 Pathway. [Abstract]

2023 Nov 28;28(11):311. PMID: 38062826
Genomics

Transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal the induction of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in the interaction of Stylosanthes-Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. [Abstract]

2021 Jul;113(4):2702-2716. PMID: 34111523
Infect Drug Resist

Investigating the Therapeutic Mechanisms of Honeysuckle (China) in Sepsis Through Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 3:18:3257-3277. PMID: 40630747
Front Cardiovasc Med

Exploring the Mechanism of Hawthorn Leaves Against Coronary Heart Disease Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. [Abstract]

2022 Jun 16:9:804801. PMID: 35783840
J Biochem Mol Toxicol

2026 Jun;40(6):e70914. PMID: 42152581
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci

2026 May 22:1281:125135. PMID: 42229183
J Sep Sci

2026 Apr;49(4):e70402. PMID: 41906428
J Biochem Mol Toxicol

Kaempferide Inhibits the Proliferation and Invasion and Induces Ferroptosis in Melanoma by Inactivating Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Oct;39(10):e70535. PMID: 41046540
Vet Microbiol

The Chinese medicine monomer Schisandrin C inhibits PRRSV infection by regulating the OGT-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2026 May:316:110992. PMID: 41865607
Immun Inflamm Dis

Kaempferol Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury in Gastric Mucosal Cells by Activating Nrf2/GPX4 Axis to Inhibit Ferroptosis. [Abstract]

2026 Feb;14(2):e70352. PMID: 41684188
Toxicol In Vitro

Inhibitory potential of phytochemicals on species-specific breast cancer resistance protein transport activity. [Abstract]

2025 Dec:109:106128. PMID: 40796067
Exp Eye Res

Kaempferol ameliorate the prognosis of Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis by reducing fungal load and inhibiting the Dectin-1 and p38 MAPK pathway. [Abstract]

2022 Mar;216:108960. PMID: 35085580
Dig Dis Sci

Kaempferol Ameliorates Functional Constipation in Mice by Regulating Autophagy of Interstitial Cells of Cajal via the p53/AMPK/mTOR Axis. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 15. PMID: 41240265
Theriogenology

Enhancing porcine oocyte quality and embryo development through natural antioxidants. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 15:232:96-108. PMID: 39536623
Hereditas

Exploring the molecular mechanism of ginseng against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity based on network pharmacology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. [Abstract]

2024 Sep 6;161(1):31. PMID: 39243097
Biomed Res Int

Network-Based Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Study on the Mechanism of Action of Gujiansan in the Treatment of Steroid-Induced Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head. [Abstract]

2022 Jul 23:2022:8080679. PMID: 35915795
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Kaempferol suppresses prostate cancer metastasis and tumor angiogenesis via disrupting the LIMK1/Cofilin pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 17:797:153145. PMID: 41443042
Cancer Rep (Hoboken)

Unraveling the Anti-Tumor Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Hairyvein Agrimonia Herb in Gastric Cancer Through Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. [Abstract]

2025 May;8(5):e70169. PMID: 40391580
Nat Prod Commun

2024 Apr 17.
Nat Prod Commun

2023 Apr 19.
Biosci J

2024 Mar.
Chemistry of Plant Raw Material

2025.
Research Square Preprint

2024 Feb 13.
Pharmacological Research-Modern Chinese Medicine

2024 Mar, 10, 100360.
bioRxiv

An efficient behavioral screening platform classifies natural products and other chemical cues according to their chemosensory valence in C. elegans. [Abstract]

2024 Apr 3:2023.06.02.542933. PMID: 37333363
Oxid Med Cell Longev

Dietary High-Fat Promotes Cognitive Impairment by Suppressing Mitophagy. [Abstract]

2023 Jan 21:2023:4822767. PMID: 36718278
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

The Core Mechanism of Yiqi Yangjing Decoction Inhibiting Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer. [Abstract]

2022 May 9;2022:2256671. PMID: 35586682
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

Identifying Active Compounds and Mechanism of Camellia nitidissima Chi on Anti-Colon Cancer by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. [Abstract]

2021 Aug 26:2021:7169211. PMID: 34484402

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 20 mg/mL (69.87 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.4936 mL

17.4679 mL

34.9357 mL

5 mM

0.6987 mL

3.4936 mL

6.9871 mL

10 mM

0.3494 mL

1.7468 mL

3.4936 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2 mg/mL (6.99 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2 mg/mL (6.99 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2 mg/mL (6.99 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline

Solubility: 10 mg/mL (34.94 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 0.5% CMC/saline water

Solubility: 5 mg/mL (17.47 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Kinase Assay^[3]

Right atria or sinus nodal cells are homogenized in lysis buffer consisting of (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 100 mM KCl, 1 mM ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 1 mM ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 0.5 mM Benzamidine, 20 mg/L Leupeptin, 20 mM sodium pyrophosphate, 50 mM NaF, and 50 mM sodium β-glycerophosphate), and total protein content is determined by the Bradford assay. Caspase-3 activity is determined by EnzChek Caspase-3 Assay Kit^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Assay^[2]

Ovarian cancer cells are seeded in 96-well plates at 2000 cells/well and incubated overnight before treatment with 0-160 μM Kaempferol for 24 hours in triplicates. The medium is removed, and the plates are freeze-thawed to lyse cells. Each well is added with 200 μL 1× CyQUANT cell lysis buffer containing 5x SYBR Green I and incubated at room temperature (RT) for 5 minutes. The reaction (50 μL) is transferred to PCR strip tubes and the fluorescent signal is measured at 90°C with a real-time Chromo4 PCR instrument. To ensure that cell proliferation assays are performed within a linear range of cell numbers, a standard curve is generated by seeding different amount of OVCAR-3 cells (based on counting with a hemacytometer) in a 96-well plate, and measuring genomic DNA abundance after overnight incubation. Three independent experiments are performed and data is pooled for statistical analysis^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration^[4]

Mice^[4]
Three-week-old male BALB/c mice are randomly assigned to the four treatment groups as follows (n=8 per group). (1) PBS-sensitized mice; (2) BSA-sensitized mice; (3) BSA-sensitized and 10 mg/kg Kaempferol-administered mice; and (4) BSA-sensitized and 20 mg/kg Kaempferol-administered mice. Mice are given a commercial mouse chow diet containing 20.5% protein, 3.5% fat, 8% fiber, 8% ash, and 0.5% phosphorus and are allowed access to food and water ad libitum. The mice are kept under a 12 h light and dark cycle at 23±1°C with 50%±5% relative humidity in specific pathogen-free conditions. Mice are allowed to become accustomed to their surroundings for one week before starting the allergic experiments. Sensitization of all experimental mice is carried out by subcutaneous injection with 20 μg BSA in 30 μL PBS and 50 μL Imject Alum on days 0 and 14. The control mice are injected with a combination of 50 μL PBS and 50 μL Imject Alum without BSA. On days 28, 29, and 30, only the experimental mice sensitized to BSA are subject to inhalation of 5% BSA, while control mice are challenged with 5% PBS for 20 min in a plastic chamber connected to a Medel aerosol nebulizer. All mice are sacrificed 24 h after the last challenge. Whole blood samples are directly used to measure the contents of eosinophils, basophils and neutrophils. The right lung is stored in 4% paraformaldehyde until use.

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (282 KB)
SDS (643 KB)
- English - EN (643 KB)
- Français - FR (643 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (643 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (643 KB)
- Español - ES (643 KB)
- Swedish - SV (643 KB)
- Italian - IT (643 KB)
- Korean - KR (643 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (643 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Luo H, et al. Kaempferol nanoparticles achieve strong and selective inhibition of ovarian cancer cell viability. Int J Nanomedicine. 2012; 7: 3951-3959. [Content Brief]

[2]. Luo H, et al. Kaempferol induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells through activating p53 in the intrinsic pathway. Food Chem. 2011 September 15; 128(2): 513-519. [Content Brief]

[3]. An M, et al. Protective effects of Kaempferol against cardiac sinus node dysfunction via CaMKII deoxidization. Anat Cell Biol. 2015 Dec;48(4):235-43. [Content Brief]

[4]. Shin D, et al. Dietary Compound Kaempferol Inhibits Airway Thickening Induced by Allergic Reaction in a Bovine Serum Albumin-Induced Model of Asthma. Int J Mol Sci. 2015 Dec 16;16(12):29980-95. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	3.4936 mL	17.4679 mL	34.9357 mL	87.3393 mL
	5 mM	0.6987 mL	3.4936 mL	6.9871 mL	17.4679 mL
	10 mM	0.3494 mL	1.7468 mL	3.4936 mL	8.7339 mL
	15 mM	0.2329 mL	1.1645 mL	2.3290 mL	5.8226 mL
	20 mM	0.1747 mL	0.8734 mL	1.7468 mL	4.3670 mL
	25 mM	0.1397 mL	0.6987 mL	1.3974 mL	3.4936 mL
	30 mM	0.1165 mL	0.5823 mL	1.1645 mL	2.9113 mL
	40 mM	0.0873 mL	0.4367 mL	0.8734 mL	2.1835 mL
	50 mM	0.0699 mL	0.3494 mL	0.6987 mL	1.7468 mL
	60 mM	0.0582 mL	0.2911 mL	0.5823 mL	1.4557 mL

Keywords

Product Name:
Cat. No.:
Quantity:
MCE Japan Authorized Agent:

Product Name:
CAS No.:
Species:
Purity:
Quantity:

Kaempferol

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RNA Binding Bioactive Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Natural Product Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Kaempferol

All Estrogen Receptor/ERR Isoforms

All HIV Isoforms

All Parasite Isoforms

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (85)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Kaempferol Related Classifications

HY-14590 Related Classifications