Cat. No.: HY-N0002

(-)-Epicatechin gallate

(Synonyms: Epicatechin gallate; ECG; (-)-Epicatechin 3-O-gallate)

7 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 7 publication(s) in Google Scholar

(-)-Epicatechin gallate (Epicatechin gallate) inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC₅₀ of 7.5 μM. (-)-Epicatechin gallate is a GLUT1 and GLUT5 inhibitor. (-)-Epicatechin gallate decreases cell growth of GLUT5-expressing hxt⁰ yeast cells.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.96%
CAS No.: 1257-08-5
Formula: C₂₂H₁₈O₁₀
Molecular Weight:442.37

Storage:

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

(-)-Epicatechin gallate Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 1257-08-5

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (7)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

(-)-Epicatechin gallate (Epicatechin gallate) inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC₅₀ of 7.5 μM^[1]^[2]. (-)-Epicatechin gallate is a GLUT1 and GLUT5 inhibitor. (-)-Epicatechin gallate decreases cell growth of GLUT5-expressing hxt⁰ yeast cells^[3].

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]^[3]

COX-1

7.5 μM (IC₅₀)

GLUT1

GLUT5

All COX Isoforms :

All GLUT Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
3T3-L1	IC₅₀	25 μM Compound: ECG, (-)-epicatechin gallate	Inhibition of G6PD-mediated NADPH production in mouse 3T3-L1 cells Inhibition of G6PD-mediated NADPH production in mouse 3T3-L1 cells	[PMID: 18313308]
A549	ED₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 50	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay	[PMID: 1431932]
H9	IC₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 4	Inhibition of uninfected H9 lymphocytic cell growth Inhibition of uninfected H9 lymphocytic cell growth	10.1016/0960-894X(96)00095-9
HCT-116	IC₅₀	76 μM Compound: Epicatechin gallate	Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells by MTT assay	[PMID: 23719279]
HCT-8	ED₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 50	Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay	[PMID: 1431932]
KB	ED₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 50	Cytotoxicity against human KB cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay Cytotoxicity against human KB cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay	[PMID: 1431932]
LNCaP	IC₅₀	36 μM Compound: ECG	Antiproliferative activity against human LNCaP assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human LNCaP assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 37776575]
MDCK	CC₅₀	525.9 μM Compound: 57; ECG	Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28118010]
PC-3	IC₅₀	168.2 μM Compound: 1	In vitro inhibitory concentration against PC-3 cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation In vitro inhibitory concentration against PC-3 cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation	[PMID: 15380225]
SK-OV-3	IC₅₀	185.4 μM Compound: 1	In vitro inhibitory concentration against SKOV3 cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation In vitro inhibitory concentration against SKOV3 cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation	[PMID: 15380225]
TE-671	ED₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: 50	Cytotoxicity against human TE671 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay Cytotoxicity against human TE671 cells by tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric assay	[PMID: 1431932]
U-373MG ATCC	IC₅₀	157 μM Compound: 1	In vitro inhibitory concentration against U373MG cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation In vitro inhibitory concentration against U373MG cell line in MTT assay was determined after 3 days incubation	[PMID: 15380225]

In Vitro

(-)-Epicatechin gallate (Epicatechin gallate) exhibits >95% inhibitory activity at 70 μg/mL against cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC₅₀ of 7.5 μM^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

(-)-Epicatechin gallate (Epicatechin gallate), a component of Rhei Rhizoma, is one of the active components of Onpi-to, a herbal medicine composed of five crude drugs (Rhei Rhizome, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Ginseng Radix, Zingiberis Rhizoma and Aconiti Tuber). Following intravenous injection of (-)-Epicatechin gallate (1.0 mg/kg) in rats, the plasma concentration vs. time curve is fitted in a three compartment model. Pharmacokinetic parameters for plasma Epicatechin gallate (ECG) are measured. ECG has a t_1/2α of 0.038 h, a t_1/2βof 0.291 h and a t_1/2γ of 4.033 h . The CL_tot of ECG is 4.19 L/h kg. The Vd_ss is 12.39 L/kg^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 1257-08-5
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 442.37
Formula C₂₂H₁₈O₁₀
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C(O[C@H]1[C@@H](C2=CC=C(O)C(O)=C2)OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C1)C4=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C4
Synonyms

Epicatechin gallate; ECG; (-)-Epicatechin 3-O-gallate
Structure Classification
- Flavonoids
- Flavanols
- Phenols
- Polyphenols
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Publications (7)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayBio/Physico-chemical AssayIFWBCell Migration/Invasion Assay

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Journal Impact Factor

Nat Commun

Modulation of MRSA virulence gene expression by the wall teichoic acid enzyme TarO. [Abstract]

2023 Mar 22;14(1):1594. PMID: 36949052
Acta Pharm Sin B

Chrysin serves as a novel inhibitor of DGK α/FAK interaction to suppress the malignancy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). [Abstract]

2021 Jan;11(1):143-155. PMID: 33532186
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai)

Epicatechin gallate prevents the de novo synthesis of fatty acid and the migration of prostate cancer cells. [Abstract]

2021 Dec 8;53(12):1662-1669. PMID: 34718375
Pathogens

Green Tea Catechins Significantly Reduce Zika Virus in RBCs Through Viral Inactivation. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 20;15(3):334. PMID: 41901787

(-)-Epicatechin gallate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pathogens. 2026 Mar 20;15(3):334. [Abstract]

Immunofluorescence analysis indicating that ECG ((-)-Epicatechin gallate, 0-20 μM) remarkably suppresses the expression of ZIKV capsid protein (red) in A549 cells.
Arch Biochem Biophys

(-)-Epicatechin gallate prevents inflammatory response in hypoxia-activated microglia and cerebral edema by inhibiting NF-κB signaling. [Abstract]

2022 Oct 30:729:109393. PMID: 36084697

(-)-Epicatechin gallate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Arch Biochem Biophys. 2022 Oct 30:729:109393. [Abstract]

ECG and EGCG rather than EGC ((-)-Epicatechin gallate, 10-40 μM, 24 h) ameliorated the toxicity of LPS/ATP-induced microglia medium to neuronal cells in a concentration-dependent manner.

(-)-Epicatechin gallate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Arch Biochem Biophys. 2022 Oct 30:729:109393. [Abstract]

ECG ((-)-Epicatechin gallate) and EGCG rather than EGC inhibited the LPS/ATP-induced nuclear translocation of p65; this outcome was consistent with the protein changes in the inflammatory factors.

(-)-Epicatechin gallate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Arch Biochem Biophys. 2022 Oct 30:729:109393. [Abstract]

ECG ((-)-Epicatechin gallate, 40 μM, 24 h) significantly reduced the p-p65, NLRP3, and IL-1β in hypoxic microglia, similar to the function of Bay 11-7082.

(-)-Epicatechin gallate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Arch Biochem Biophys. 2022 Oct 30:729:109393. [Abstract]

Co-cultured bEnd.3 cells and microglia were inoculated in 24-transwell inserts and co-treated with 40 μM ECG ((-)-Epicatechin gallate) and 1% O₂ for 24 h. Endothelial tight junction integrity was tested by TEER.
Chem Biodivers

Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Phytochemicals for Management of Oral Lichen Planus: A Multi-Omics System Biology and Experimental Assessment. [Abstract]

2025 Oct;22(10):e00662. PMID: 40522753
Vet Microbiol

The Chinese medicine monomer Schisandrin C inhibits PRRSV infection by regulating the OGT-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2026 May:316:110992. PMID: 41865607

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (226.06 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.2606 mL

11.3028 mL

22.6055 mL

5 mM

0.4521 mL

2.2606 mL

4.5211 mL

10 mM

0.2261 mL

1.1303 mL

2.2606 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (4.91 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (4.91 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (4.91 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (21.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Animal Administration

Rats^[2]
Male Sprague-Dawley rats, obtained at 7 weeks of age (210-245 g) are used. Epicatechin gallate (ECG) is suspended in 0.5% w/v sodium carboxymethylcellulose at 12.5, 25.0 and 50.0 mg/10 mL for oral administration to rats at 10 mL/kg. For intravenous injection in rats at 1.0 mg/kg, an ethanolic solution of Epicatechin gallate is diluted with 10% w/v sodium citrate solution to 1.0 mg/mL; the final concentration of ethanol is 1% v/v^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (281 KB)
SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Waffo-Téguo P, et al. Potential cancer-chemopreventive activities of wine stilbenoids and flavans extracted from grape (Vitis vinifera) cell cultures. Nutr Cancer. 2001;40(2):173-9. [Content Brief]

[2]. Takizawa Y, et al. Pharmacokinetics of (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, an active component of Onpi-to, in rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2003 May;26(5):608-12. [Content Brief]

[3]. Tripp J, et al. Establishing a yeast-based screening system for discovery of human GLUT5 inhibitors and activators. Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 24;7(1):6197. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.2606 mL	11.3028 mL	22.6055 mL	56.5138 mL
	5 mM	0.4521 mL	2.2606 mL	4.5211 mL	11.3028 mL
	10 mM	0.2261 mL	1.1303 mL	2.2606 mL	5.6514 mL
	15 mM	0.1507 mL	0.7535 mL	1.5070 mL	3.7676 mL
	20 mM	0.1130 mL	0.5651 mL	1.1303 mL	2.8257 mL
	25 mM	0.0904 mL	0.4521 mL	0.9042 mL	2.2606 mL
	30 mM	0.0754 mL	0.3768 mL	0.7535 mL	1.8838 mL
	40 mM	0.0565 mL	0.2826 mL	0.5651 mL	1.4128 mL
	50 mM	0.0452 mL	0.2261 mL	0.4521 mL	1.1303 mL
	60 mM	0.0377 mL	0.1884 mL	0.3768 mL	0.9419 mL
	80 mM	0.0283 mL	0.1413 mL	0.2826 mL	0.7064 mL
	100 mM	0.0226 mL	0.1130 mL	0.2261 mL	0.5651 mL

Keywords

(-)-Epicatechin gallate

7 Cited Publications

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(-)-Epicatechin gallate

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) (-)-Epicatechin gallate

All COX Isoforms

All GLUT Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (7)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

(-)-Epicatechin gallate Related Classifications

HY-N0002 Related Classifications