2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Apoptosis Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation
  3. Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis ROS Kinase Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
  4. L-Cystine

L-Cystine is an orally active extracellular form of L-Cysteine (HY-Y0337), occurring in proteins of plants and animals. L-Cystine elevates Nrf2 protein expression and activates Nrf2 transcription factor. L-cystine reduces ROS generation and protects against oxidant- or Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced apoptosis. L-Cystine combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine is promising for research of cystinuria and kidney stones

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 56-89-3

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Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of L-Cystine:

L-Cystine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    L-Cystine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2024 Jul 1:167329.  [Abstract]

    HUVECs in the presence of 5.5 or 35 mM d-Glucose with or without Si-Scr, Si-FGF21, with or without L-Cystine (0.8 mM) for 96 h. The correlation between L-Cystine and FGF21 expression levels. The X-axis represents the concentration of FGF21 measured via ELISA assay (Log10 conversion). The Y-axis represents the intensity of L-Cystine mass spectrometry signal (Log10 conversion).

    L-Cystine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2024 Jul 1:167329.  [Abstract]

    HUVECs in the presence of 5.5 or 35 mM d-Glucose with or without Si-Scr, Si-FGF21, with or without L-Cystine (0.8 mM) for 96 h. DHE staining and TUNEL staining of HUVECs. Scale bar: 100 μm. The right bar chart explored the quantitative analysis the ROS level and the number of TUNEL positive HUVECs.

    L-Cystine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2024 Jul 1:167329.  [Abstract]

    HUVECs in the presence of 5.5 or 35 mM d-Glucose with or without Si-Scr, Si-FGF21, with or without L-Cystine (0.8 mM) for 96 h. A tube formation assay was performed to assess the angiogenesis ability of HUVECs after being treated as mentioned above. Scale bar: 100 μm. The tube length was quantified and is shown in right.

    L-Cystine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2024 Jul 1:167329.  [Abstract]

    HUVECs in the presence of 5.5 or 35 mM d-Glucose with or without Si-Scr, Si-FGF21, with or without L-Cystine (0.8 mM) for 96 h. A tube formation assay was performed to assess the angiogenesis ability of HUVECs after being treated as mentioned above. Scale bar: 100 μm. The tube length was quantified and is shown in right.

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    Human Endogenous Metabolite Microbial Metabolite

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    L-Cystine is an orally active extracellular form of L-Cysteine (HY-Y0337), occurring in proteins of plants and animals. L-Cystine elevates Nrf2 protein expression and activates Nrf2 transcription factor. L-cystine reduces ROS generation and protects against oxidant- or Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced apoptosis. L-Cystine combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine is promising for research of cystinuria and kidney stones[1][2][3][4][5][6]

    IC50 & Target

    Human Endogenous Metabolite

     

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    KB 3-1 IC50
    3.12 mM
    Compound: cystine
    Cytotoxicity against human KB-3-1 cells incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human KB-3-1 cells incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
    		[PMID: 21657271]
    KB-V1 IC50
    2.14 mM
    Compound: cystine
    Cytotoxicity against drug-resistant human KBV1 cells expressing P-gp incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against drug-resistant human KBV1 cells expressing P-gp incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
    		[PMID: 21657271]
    In Vitro

    L-Cystine (83 µM or 200 µM, 24 h or 72 h) effectively reverses the growth inhibition of both Sulfasalazine (HY-14655) and Erastin (HY-15763) in Huh6 cells[1].
    L-Cystine ( 0.8 mM, 4 h) induces Nrf2 protein expression elevation in a Keap1-dependent manner in HeLa cells[6].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    L-Cystine Related Antibodies

    Cell Viability Assay[1]

    Cell Line: Huh6 and Huh7 cells
    Concentration: 83 µM or 200 µM
    Incubation Time: 72 h or 24 h
    Result: The degree of growth inhibition by Sulfasalazine (HY-14655) or Erastin (HY-15763) was greater in medium containing a physiological level of 83 μM L-cystine than in medium containing 200 μM L-cystine in Huh6 and Huh7 cells.

    Western Blot Analysis[6]

    Cell Line: HeLa cells
    Concentration: 0.2 mM
    Incubation Time: 4 h
    Result: Was sufficient for producing Nrf2 protein elevation at 0.2 mM in HeLa cells.

    Western Blot Analysis[6]

    Cell Line: HeLa cells
    Concentration: 0.8 mM
    Incubation Time: 4 h
    Result: Induced Nrf2 in a Keap1-dependent manner in HeLa cells.
    In Vivo

    L-Cystine (280 mg/kg, p.o., 11 days) administrated with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances antigen-specific IgG production partly through augmentation of glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2)-mediated responses in mice[2].
    L-Cystine (200 mg/kg, p.o., 11 days) administrated with L-theanine (HY-15121) (80 mg/kg, p.o., 11 days) significantly decreases the serum IL-10/IFN-γ ratio 6 hours after DNP-KLH antigenic stimulation, but increases the serum IL-10/IFN-γ ratio 24 hours after DNP-KLH antigenic stimulation in mice[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Nine-week-old female BALB/c mice[2]
    Dosage: 140, 280 and 560 mg/kg
    Administration: p.o. administration for 11 days
    Result: Significantly increased IgG and IgM antibody production administrated with L-theanine (HY-15121) after DNP-dextran and DNP-KLH antigenic stimulation in mice.
    Molecular Weight

    240.30

    Formula

    C6H12N2O4S2
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(O)=O)N)C(O)=O
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O : 33.33 mg/mL (138.70 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 11 with 1 M NaOH)

    0.1 M NaOH : 3.33 mg/mL (13.86 mM; ultrasonic and warming and adjust pH to 11 with NaOH and heat to 70°C)

    0.1 M HCl : 2.5 mg/mL (10.40 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 2 with HCl)

    DMSO : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 4.1615 mL 20.8073 mL 41.6146 mL
    5 mM 0.8323 mL 4.1615 mL 8.3229 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
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    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.84%

    SDS (393 KB)

    COA (245 KB) HNMR (129 KB) RP-HPLC (229 KB) MS (72 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    0.1 M HCl / 0.1 M NaOH / H2O 1 mM 4.1615 mL 20.8073 mL 41.6146 mL 104.0366 mL
    5 mM 0.8323 mL 4.1615 mL 8.3229 mL 20.8073 mL
    10 mM 0.4161 mL 2.0807 mL 4.1615 mL 10.4037 mL
    H2O 15 mM 0.2774 mL 1.3872 mL 2.7743 mL 6.9358 mL
    20 mM 0.2081 mL 1.0404 mL 2.0807 mL 5.2018 mL
    25 mM 0.1665 mL 0.8323 mL 1.6646 mL 4.1615 mL
    30 mM 0.1387 mL 0.6936 mL 1.3872 mL 3.4679 mL
    40 mM 0.1040 mL 0.5202 mL 1.0404 mL 2.6009 mL
    50 mM 0.0832 mL 0.4161 mL 0.8323 mL 2.0807 mL
    60 mM 0.0694 mL 0.3468 mL 0.6936 mL 1.7339 mL
    80 mM 0.0520 mL 0.2601 mL 0.5202 mL 1.3005 mL
    100 mM 0.0416 mL 0.2081 mL 0.4161 mL 1.0404 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    L-Cystine Related Classifications

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    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    L-Cystine56-89-3Endogenous MetaboliteFerroptosisROS KinaseKeap1-Nrf2Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)L-Cysteinesemiessentialkidney stonescystinuriacystinosisapoptosisInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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