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  4. Chlorhexidine diacetate

Chlorhexidine diacetate  (Synonyms: クロルヘキシジン 二酢酸塩)

製品番号: HY-W013699 純度: 99.68%
COA 取扱説明書 Technical Support

Chlorhexidine diacetate is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine diacetate binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine diacetate has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine diacetate can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis).

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CAS 番号 : 56-95-1

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in Water
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 USD 27 在庫あり
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in Water USD 27 在庫あり
Solid
100 mg $25 在庫あり
500 mg $50 在庫あり
1 g $70 在庫あり
5 g $140 在庫あり
10 g $196 在庫あり
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Based on 13 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Chlorhexidine diacetate:

Chlorhexidine diacetate 関連抗体

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Chlorhexidine diacetate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cancer Res. 2019 Feb 1;79(3):534-545.  [Abstract]

    The half-life of p53 protein is detected in GYS2 overexpressed cells by added with Chlorhexidine (CHX, 20 μg/mL) for different times.

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    製品説明

    Chlorhexidine diacetate is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine diacetate binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine diacetate has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine diacetate can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis)[1][2][3].

    体外実験

    1. Cell death assay:
    Chlorhexidine diacetate (0.000125%-0.016%; 24 h) induces cell death in L929 fibroblasts, inducing a pattern of cell necrosis and/or apoptosis, as well as cell stress. Furthermore, Chlorhexidine diacetate induces apoptosis at lower concentrations and necrosis at higher concentrations, and increases the expression of heat shock protein 70 (a marker of cell stress). Chlorhexidine diacetate may have an adverse effect on the resolution of apical periodontitis[1].
    2. Cell viability experiment:
    Chlorhexidine diacetate (0.0005%-0.5%; 30 min) causes the death of canine embryonic fibroblasts with concentration of ≥0.013%, while allows the cells to survive with concentration of ≤0.006%[2].
    3. Bacterial survival experiment:
    Chlorhexidine diacetate (0.0005%-0.5%; 30 min) has a concentration-dependent bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus, and kills Staphylococcus aureus with concentration of ≥0.05%, while allows the bacteria to survive with concentration of ≤0.03%[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Chlorhexidine diacetate 関連抗体

    Cell Viability Assay[3]

    Cell Line: Canine embryonic fibroblasts
    Concentration: 0.5%, 0.05%, 0.03%, 0.013%, 0.006%, 0.005%, 0.0005%
    Incubation Time: 30 minutes
    Result: Fibroblasts showed 0% survival at concentrations ≥0.013%, while concentrations ≤0.006% allowed significant survival (e.g., 74% survival at 0.0005%), indicating a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect.
    体内実験

    1. Paw injection toxicity test:
    Chlorhexidine (0.125%-1.0%; subcutaneous injection; single dose) diacetate causes toxic effects in the plantar space of the hind paw of Balb/c mice. Concentrations ≥0.5% induces coagulative necrosis of the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissues and neutrophil-dominated inflammatory responses, while concentrations ≤0.25% induces moderate inflammation and interstitial edema[1].
    2. Lung inhalation toxicity test:
    Chlorhexidine (0.125%-1%; intratracheal instillation; single dose; 8-week observation) diacetate causes collagen fiber deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue in the C57BL/6J mouse model, leading to restrictive ventilation dysfunction. Transcriptome analysis shows that genes related to extracellular matrix deposition and mucus secretion (such as Muc5b and Muc5ac) are upregulated[3].
    3. Genetic toxicity test:
    0.12% Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (0.5 mL; oral, twice a day for 8 days) causes DNA damage in peripheral blood and oral mucosal cells of rats, without causing chromosome breakage or loss in erythrocytes[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Male Balb/c mice (4 weeks old, 20 g), paw subplantar injection model[1]
    Dosage: 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% chlorhexidine in distilled water
    Administration: Subplantar injection into the right hind paw, single dose, observed at 24 h, 48 h, 7 days, and 14 days
    Result: At 0.5% and 1.0%, caused extensive coagulative necrosis in the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue, associated with marked neutrophilic inflammation and edema at 24-48 h; 0.25% induced focal necrosis in few specimens and moderate inflammation in all; 0.125% caused no necrosis but moderate neutrophilic inflammation and edema.
    Epidermal healing was complete by 7-14 days, with residual mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrous tissue thickening in high-dose groups.
    Animal Model: C57BL/6J mice (6-8 weeks old), intratracheal instillation-induced lung injury model[2]
    Dosage: 0.125% (2.5 mg/kg), 0.25% (5 mg/kg), 0.5% (10 mg/kg), 1% (20 mg/kg) chlorhexidine gluconate in RO water
    Administration: Single intratracheal instillation via MicroSprayer Aerosolizer, observed for 8 weeks
    Result: Led to dose-dependent lung tissue damage, including inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar protein deposition, and airway epithelial cell exfoliation.
    Increased collagen fiber deposition in the alveolar septum and bronchial stroma, with significantly higher lung organ coefficients in high-dose groups.
    Decreased respiratory system compliance (Crs) and forced vital capacity (FVC), indicating restrictive ventilatory dysfunction.
    Upregulated genes related to extracellular matrix organization (e.g., P4ha3) and mucus secretion (e.g., Muc5b, Muc5ac).
    分子量

    625.55

    分子式

    C26H38Cl2N10O4
    CAS 番号
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    N=C(NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)NC(NCCCCCCNC(NC(NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)=N)=N)=N.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O
    輸送条件

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    保管条件

    4°C, stored under nitrogen

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)
    溶剤 & 溶解度
    体外: 

    DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (159.86 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Ethanol : 55 mg/mL (87.92 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    H2O : 20 mg/mL (31.97 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 1.5986 mL 7.9930 mL 15.9859 mL
    5 mM 0.3197 mL 1.5986 mL 3.1972 mL
    10 mM 0.1599 mL 0.7993 mL 1.5986 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    一般には略語で表示されます：C1V1 = C2V2

    濃度 （開始）

    C1

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    体積 （開始）

    V1

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    体内:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.00 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.00 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
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    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    純度とドキュメンテーション

    純度: 99.68%

    COA (244 KB) LCMS (93 KB)

    取扱説明書 (2659 KB)
    参考文献

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O / Ethanol / DMSO 1 mM 1.5986 mL 7.9930 mL 15.9859 mL 39.9648 mL
    5 mM 0.3197 mL 1.5986 mL 3.1972 mL 7.9930 mL
    10 mM 0.1599 mL 0.7993 mL 1.5986 mL 3.9965 mL
    15 mM 0.1066 mL 0.5329 mL 1.0657 mL 2.6643 mL
    20 mM 0.0799 mL 0.3996 mL 0.7993 mL 1.9982 mL
    25 mM 0.0639 mL 0.3197 mL 0.6394 mL 1.5986 mL
    30 mM 0.0533 mL 0.2664 mL 0.5329 mL 1.3322 mL
    Ethanol / DMSO 40 mM 0.0400 mL 0.1998 mL 0.3996 mL 0.9991 mL
    50 mM 0.0320 mL 0.1599 mL 0.3197 mL 0.7993 mL
    60 mM 0.0266 mL 0.1332 mL 0.2664 mL 0.6661 mL
    80 mM 0.0200 mL 0.0999 mL 0.1998 mL 0.4996 mL
    DMSO 100 mM 0.0160 mL 0.0799 mL 0.1599 mL 0.3996 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Chlorhexidine diacetate Related Classifications

    • Molarity Calculator

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    The dilution calculator equation

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    一般には略語で表示されます：C1V1 = C2V2

    濃度 （開始） × 体積 （開始） = 濃度 （終了） × 体積 （終了）
    × = ×
    C1   V1   C2   V2
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    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Chlorhexidine diacetate56-95-1Environmental PollutantsBacterialAntibioticNecroptosisApoptosisEnvironmental ContaminantsantimicrobialbiguanidedisinfectantGrampositivenegativecellmembraneInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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