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Results for "

ketoglutarate

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Amyloid-β (2) Apoptosis (1) ATP Synthase (4) Autophagy (4) Bacterial (1) Biochemical Assay Reagents (3) Branched Chain Amino Acid Transaminase (BCAT) (1) Caspase (1) Drug Derivative (1) Drug Intermediate (1) E1/E2/E3 Enzyme (1) Endogenous Metabolite (35) Environmental Pollutants (11) Estrogen Receptor/ERR (1) Fat Mass and Obesity-associated Protein (FTO) (1) Ferroptosis (11) Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (2) GHR (1) Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) (2) HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase (15) Histone Demethylase (7) Histone Methyltransferase (1) Insulin Receptor (1) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) (7) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (14) mGluR (11) MHC (1) Mitochondrial Metabolism (5) mTOR (17) Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger (1) NADH Dehydrogenase (1) NF-κB (12) PARP (1) Potassium Channel (1) PROTACs (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (8) Reference Standards (5) SOD (1) STAT (12) TET Protein (1) Transmembrane Glycoprotein (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (17) Cardiovascular Disease (13) Inflammation/Immunology (24) Metabolic Disease (38) Neurological Disease (22)

By Targets:

Amyloid-β (2)

Apoptosis (1)

ATP Synthase (4)

Autophagy (4)

Bacterial (1)

Biochemical Assay Reagents (3)

Branched Chain Amino Acid Transaminase (BCAT) (1)

Caspase (1)

Drug Derivative (1)

Drug Intermediate (1)

E1/E2/E3 Enzyme (1)

Endogenous Metabolite (35)

Environmental Pollutants (11)

Estrogen Receptor/ERR (1)

Fat Mass and Obesity-associated Protein (FTO) (1)

Ferroptosis (11)

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (2)

GHR (1)

Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) (2)

HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase (15)

Histone Demethylase (7)

Histone Methyltransferase (1)

Insulin Receptor (1)

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) (7)

Isotope-Labeled Compounds (14)

mGluR (11)

MHC (1)

Mitochondrial Metabolism (5)

mTOR (17)

Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger (1)

NADH Dehydrogenase (1)

NF-κB (12)

PARP (1)

Potassium Channel (1)

PROTACs (1)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (8)

Reference Standards (5)

SOD (1)

STAT (12)

TET Protein (1)

Transmembrane Glycoprotein (1)

By Research Areas:

Cancer (17)

Cardiovascular Disease (13)

Inflammation/Immunology (24)

Metabolic Disease (38)

Neurological Disease (22)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Fluorescent Dyes

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

Natural
Products

Recombinant Proteins

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Antibodies

GMP Molecules

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-44134

Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate 1 Publications Verification Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate	Endogenous Metabolite Drug Derivative Autophagy Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate (Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate) is a cell-permeable derivative of 2-oxoglutarate and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolite with antioxidant properties. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate inhibits Autophagy. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate prevents mitochondrial damage and reduces ROS production. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate alleviates Carbon tetrachloride (HY-Y0298)-induced liver fibrosis. Dimethyl-2-oxoglutaric acid can be used in the research of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and cardiomyopathy .

HY-15893

DMOG Maximum Cited Publications 76 Publications Verification Dimethyloxallyl Glycine	HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Autophagy	Cancer
DMOG (Dimethyloxallyl Glycine) is a cell permeable and competitive inhibitor of HIF-PH, which results in HIF-1α stabilisation and accmulation?in vitro and in vivo . DMOG is an α-ketoglutarate analogue and inhibits α-KG-dependent hydroxylases. DMOG?acts as a pro-angiogenic agent and plays a protective role in experimental model of colitis and diarrhoea via HIF-1 related signal . DMOG induces cell autophagy .

HY-N0390S1

L-Glutamine-13C5 Maximum Cited Publications 9 Publications Verification L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-¹³C₅	Isotope-Labeled Compounds mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine- ¹³C₅ is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-113076

Thiamine pyrophosphate 1 Publications Verification Cocarboxylase	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1, and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Thiamine pyrophosphate is necessary for oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway by acting as a cofactor for α-ketoacid dehydrogenases .

HY-137808

Succinyl-Coenzyme A sodium 3 Publications Verification Succinyl-CoA sodium	Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
Succinyl CoA (Succinyl-coenzyme A) sodium is a pivotal intermediate metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and a key coenzyme A metabolite. Succinyl CoA sodium is biosynthesized from α-ketoglutarate or propionyl-CoA. Succinyl CoA sodium acts as a critical precursor and substrate for heme biosynthesis and gluconeogenesis. Succinyl CoA sodium insufficiency caused by cobalamin deficiency is directly linked to growth retardation, impaired heme synthesis, tissue glycine accumulation and neurological abnormalities. Succinyl CoA sodium can be used in research on metabolic, neurological, and hematological abnormalities (such as porphyria) caused by nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency (leading to a lack of Succinyl-Coenzyme A synthesis) .

HY-W012722

4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid 1 Publications Verification α-Ketoisocaproic acid	Endogenous Metabolite Autophagy mTOR SOD	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (α-Ketoisocaproic acid) is a metabolite of L-leucine and is involved in energy metabolism. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid increases endoplasmic reticulum stress, promotes lipid accumulation in preadipocytes and insulin resistance by impairing mTOR and autophagy signaling pathways. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid also causes oxidative damage, leading to cognitive deficits, inhibits α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, acts as an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler and metabolic inhibitor. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid acts as a nutrient signal and stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid can be used in the study of maple syrup urine disease .

HY-N0390S

L-Glutamine-15N 3 Publications Verification L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-¹⁵N	Isotope-Labeled Compounds mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-N0390S8

L-Glutamine-15N2 1 Publications Verification L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-¹⁵N₂	Isotope-Labeled Compounds mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine- ¹⁵N₂ is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-12688A

Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt 10+ Cited Publications	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Amyloid-β	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease .

HY-113038B

α-Hydroxyglutaric acid 2-Hydroxyglutarate; 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid; 2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid	Histone Demethylase Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases .

HY-100542

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium 4 Publications Verification Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) ATP Synthase mTOR Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a weak competitive antagonist of *α-ketoglutarate* (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a K_i of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR** signaling .

HY-N0390S9

L-Glutamine-15N-1 3 Publications Verification L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-¹⁵N-1	Isotope-Labeled Compounds mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine- ¹⁵N-1 is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-113038

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid 4 Publications Verification (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate; (R)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid; (R)-2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) ATP Synthase mTOR Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid ((R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a weak competitive antagonist of *α-ketoglutarate* (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a K_i of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR** signaling .

HY-N0390S2

L-Glutamine-d5 1 Publications Verification L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-d₅	Isotope-Labeled Compounds mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-N0390S6

L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2 L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-¹³C₅,¹⁵N₂	Isotope-Labeled Compounds mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine- ¹³C₅, ¹⁵N₂ is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-W040307

Saccharopine 1 Publications Verification L-Saccharopine	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Saccharopine (L-Saccharopine), a lysine degradation intermediate, is a mitochondrial toxin. Lysine and α-ketoglutarate are converted into Saccharopine by the lysine-ketoglutarate reductase. Saccharopine is then oxidized to α-aminoapidate semialdehyde and glutamate by the saccharopine dehydrogenase. Saccharopine impairs development by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis .

HY-113076S

Thiamine pyrophosphate-d3	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Thiamine pyrophosphate-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Thiamine pyrophosphate. Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex.

HY-113038A

α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium 2-Hydroxyglutarate disodium; 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium; 2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid disodium	Histone Demethylase Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) disodium is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases .

HY-N0390R

L-Glutamine (Standard) Maximum Cited Publications 27 Publications Verification L-Glutamic acid 5-amide (Standard)	Reference Standards mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-P2911

Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)) GLDH	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Others
Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) (GLDH) can be found in hepatocytes, renal tissue, brain, muscle, and intestinal cells. Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) is often used in biochemical studies. Glutamate dehydrogenase is a mitochondrial enzyme, it catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as part of the urea cycle .

HY-113038AS

α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-13C5 disodium 2-Hydroxyglutarate-13C5 disodium; 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid-13C5 disodium; 2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid-13C5 disodium	Histone Demethylase Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
α-Hydroxyglutaric acid- ¹³C₅ (sodium) is the ¹³C labeled α-Hydroxyglutaric acid sodium . α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) sodium is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid sodium is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases .

HY-129079

TFMB-(R)-2-HG 3 Publications Verification	Estrogen Receptor/ERR Histone Demethylase Fat Mass and Obesity-associated Protein (FTO)	Cancer
TFMB-(R)-2-HG is a cell membrane-permeable (R)-2-HG and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) oncogenic factor. TFMB-(R)-2-HG competitively inhibits α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases such as KDM2B and FTO. TFMB-(R)-2-HG impairs cell differentiation in response to Estrogen withdrawal. TFMB-(R)-2-HG is used in acute myeloid leukemia and glioma research .

HY-114333

Octyl-α-ketoglutarate 1-Octyl 2-oxopentanedioate	HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase	Metabolic Disease Cancer
Octyl-α-ketoglutarate (1-Octyl 2-oxopentanedioate) is a stable, cell-permeable form of α-ketoglutarate which accumulates rapidly in HEK293 cells with a dysfunctional tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, stimulating prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) activity. In addition, Octyl-α-ketoglutarate competitively blocks succinate- or fumarate-mediated inhibition of PHD .

HY-131514

L-Ornithine 2-oxoglutarate Ornithine α-ketoglutarate; OKG	Insulin Receptor GHR	Inflammation/Immunology
L-Ornithine 2-oxoglutarate (Ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate) is a nutritional compound that is a salt of amino acids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. L-Ornithine 2-oxoglutarate stimulates the production of insulin and growth hormone, and promotes intracellular amino acid transport and protein synthesis .

HY-W040307B

Saccharopine hydrochloride 1 Publications Verification L-Saccharopine hydrochloride	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Saccharopine (L-Saccharopine) hydrochloride, a lysine degradation intermediate, is a mitochondrial toxin. Lysine and α-ketoglutarate are converted into Saccharopine hydrochloride by the lysine-ketoglutarate reductase. Saccharopine hydrochloride is then oxidized to α-aminoapidate semialdehyde and glutamate by the saccharopine dehydrogenase. Saccharopine hydrochloride impairs development by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis .

HY-164515

ONC213	Apoptosis Mitochondrial Metabolism Caspase PARP	Cancer
ONC213 is an orally active αKGDH inhibitor. ONC213 can suppress mitochondrial respiration and elevate α-ketoglutarate levels by inhibiting αKGDH activity. ONC213 can induce cells apoptosis by inducing mitochondrial stress response and inhibiting translation of MCL-1. ONC213 can be used for the research of cancer, such as acute myeloid leukemia research (AML) .

HY-113038AS1

α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d4 disodium 2-Hydroxyglutarate-d4 disodium; 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d4 disodium; 2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid-d4 disodium	Histone Demethylase Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d₄ (disodium) is the deuterium labeled α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium . α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) disodium is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases .

HY-148285

Succinyl CoA Succinyl-coenzyme A; S-(Hydrogen succinyl)coenzyme A	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Succinyl CoA (Succinyl-coenzyme A) is a pivotal intermediate metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and a key coenzyme A metabolite. Succinyl CoA is biosynthesized from α-ketoglutarate or propionyl-CoA. Succinyl CoA acts as a critical precursor and substrate for heme biosynthesis and gluconeogenesis. Succinyl CoA insufficiency caused by cobalamin deficiency is directly linked to growth retardation, impaired heme synthesis, tissue glycine accumulation and neurological abnormalities. Succinyl CoA can be used in research on metabolic, neurological, and hematological abnormalities (such as porphyria) caused by nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency (leading to a lack of Succinyl-Coenzyme A synthesis) .

HY-W017387

Sodium α-ketoisocaproate 1 Publications Verification Sodium 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate; 2-Ketoisocaproic acid sodium salt	Branched Chain Amino Acid Transaminase (BCAT) Potassium Channel Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger	Metabolic Disease
Sodium α-ketoisocaproate (Sodium 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate) is an insulin secretagogue. Sodium α-ketoisocaproate undergoes transamination catalyzed by BCAT and BCATm to produce α-ketoglutarate and leucine; it also binds to the SUR1 site to inhibit K_ATP channel activity, but does not directly affect the Kir6.2 subunit. Sodium α-ketoisocaproate regulates Ca ²⁺ influx. Sodium α-ketoisocaproate exerts insulinotropic activity in pancreatic islets and intact mouse pancreata with sufficient BCATm expression. Sodium α-ketoisocaproate can be used in research related to type 2 diabetes .

HY-N0390S5

L-Glutamine-1-13C 1 Publications Verification L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-1-¹³C	Isotope-Labeled Compounds mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine-1- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-N0390S4

L-Glutamine-5-13C L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-5-¹³C	Isotope-Labeled Compounds mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine-5- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-W250310

L-Arginine α-ketoglutarate L-Arginine alpha-ketoglutarate	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
L-Arginine α-ketoglutarate, often abbreviated as AAKG, is a dietary supplement that combines arginine L-Arginine and α-ketoglutarate, a key intermediate in the Krebs cycle. L-arginine is a precursor of nitric oxide, which regulates blood flow and promotes vasodilation, while α-ketoglutarate is involved in energy production and protein synthesis. Together, these compounds are thought to support improved muscle recovery, increased endurance, and enhanced athletic performance.

HY-12688

Succinyl phosphonate	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Amyloid-β	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Succinyl phosphonate is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease .

HY-113076R

Thiamine pyrophosphate (Standard) Cocarboxylase (Standard)	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Thiamine pyrophosphate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Thiamine pyrophosphate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1, and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Thiamine pyrophosphate is necessary for oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway by acting as a cofactor for α-ketoacid dehydrogenases .

HY-15893R

DMOG (Standard) Dimethyloxallyl Glycine (Standard)	HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Autophagy Reference Standards	Cancer
DMOG (Standard) is the analytical standard of DMOG. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DMOG (Dimethyloxallyl Glycine) is a cell permeable and competitive inhibitor of HIF-PH, which results in HIF-1α stabilisation and accmulation in vitro and in vivo . DMOG is an α-ketoglutarate analogue and inhibits α-KG-dependent hydroxylases. DMOG acts as a pro-angiogenic agent and plays a protective role in experimental model of colitis and diarrhoea via HIF-1 related signal . DMOG induces cell autophagy .

HY-W654003

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d5 disodium Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate-d₅	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d₅ disodium (Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate-d₅) is the deuterium labeled D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (HY-100542). D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a Ki of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling .

HY-N0390S3

L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2,d5 L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-¹³C₅,¹⁵N₂,d₅	Isotope-Labeled Compounds mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine- ¹³C₅, ¹⁵N₂,d₅ is the deuterium, ¹³C-, and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-147064A

DL-4-Hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate	Endogenous Metabolite Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase	Others
DL-4-Hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate serves as a substrate for the enzymes GOT (glutamic oxalacetic aminotransferase) and 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate aldolase, facilitating the reversible breakdown of 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate into pyruvate and glyoxylate; it has also found applications in mass spectrometry for the swift analysis of negatively charged, water-soluble cellular metabolites.

HY-44134R

Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate (Standard) Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards	Others
Felypressin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Felypressin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Felypressin (PLV-2) is a non-catecholamine vasoconstrictor and a vasopressin 1 agonist. Felypressin is widely used in dental procedures .

HY-P2993

Isocitrate dehydrogenase, Porcine heart ICDH; IDH	Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH)	Metabolic Disease Cancer
Isocitrate dehydrogenase, Porcine heart (ICDH) is a citric acid or tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme, is often used in biochemical studies. Isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate and reduces NAD(P) ⁺ to NAD(P)H, it plays important roles in cellular metabolism .

HY-147064

*DL-4-Hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate* lithium**	Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase Others	Others
DL-4-Hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate lithium is the substrate of 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase (HOGA). DL-4-Hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate lithium can be cleaved by HOGA to produce pyruvate and glyoxylate .

HY-W016773

1,10-Decanediol	MHC Transmembrane Glycoprotein	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
1,10-Decanediol is a diol compound that can react with α-ketoglutarate (aKG) to generate polymeric microparticles (termed paKG MPs) for the sustained release of aKG, thereby promoting immunosuppressive regulation. Additionally, paKG MPs can bind to dendritic cells (DCs), reducing their glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration in vitro. These metabolic changes lead to the modulation of MHC-II and CD86 expression in DCs and alter the frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) as well as T-helper type 1/2/17 cells in vitro. 1,10-Decanediol can be used in research within the field of immunometabolism. can be used as a surfactant/stabilizer in the synthesis of nanomaterials .

HY-E70003A

Glutamate Dehydrogenase, Bovine Liver	NADH Dehydrogenase	Others
Glutamate Dehydrogenase, Bovine Liver (EC 1.4.1.4) catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of glutamate to alpha-ketoglutarate and ammonia.

HY-145452

5-Octyl-α-ketoglutarate 5-Octyl 2-oxopentanedioate	E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Histone Methyltransferase	Cancer
5-Octyl-α-ketoglutarate (5-Octyl 2-oxopentanedioate) is a cell-permeable substrate for lysine demethylase. 5-Octyl-α-ketoglutarate is related to protein demethylation, inhibits cell proliferation of wtCRBN expressing cells, and also enhances Lenalidomide (HY-A0003)-induced sensitivity and inhibits myeloma (MM) ) drug resistance of cells. When myeloma (MM) cells undergo glutamine-dependent proliferation, α-ketoglutarate increases glutamine catabolism to promote protein demethylation .

HY-119657

Cellocidin	Bacterial	Others
Cellocidin is an agricultural antibiotic with preventive effects against rice bacterial leaf blight and is thought to work by inhibiting the α-ketoglutarate-succinate system in Xanthomonas sp.

HY-134141

5-Octyl hydrogen L-glutamate	Drug Intermediate	Metabolic Disease
5-Octyl hydrogen L-glutamate is cell-permeable molecule and can be used for synthesizing 5-octyl ester derivatives (5-octyl α-ketoglutarate) .

HY-P2993A

Isocitrate dehydrogenase, Microorganism ICDH, Microorganism; IDH, Microorganism	Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH)	Metabolic Disease
Isocitrate dehydrogenase, Microorganism (IDH) (EC 1.1.1.42) is a citric acid or tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme, is often used in biochemical studies. Isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate and reduces NAD(P) ⁺ to NAD(P)H, it plays important roles in cellular metabolism .

HY-W704805

Sodium 2-hydroxypentanedioate-2,3,3-d3	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Histone Demethylase Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
Sodium 2-hydroxypentanedioate-2,3,3-d₃ is the deuterium labeled α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (HY-113038A). α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) disodium is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases .

HY-E70583

Recombinant Ten-Eleven Translocase	TET Protein	Others
Recombinant Ten-Eleven Translocase is a recombinant Fe(II)- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase. Recombinant Ten-Eleven Translocase converts 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), and then to 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxycytosine (5caC) through a series of oxidation reactions. Then, 5caC is further converted into uracil (U) through the action of a conversion agent or enzyme, and uracil (U) is converted into thymine (T) through PCR, thereby achieving single-base resolution and high-accuracy identification of DNA methylation sites .

HY-W779800

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-13C5 disodium	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) mTOR ATP Synthase	Neurological Disease
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid- ¹³C₅ disodium is the ¹³C-labeled D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (HY-113038). D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid ((R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a K_i of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L064

Glutamine Metabolism Compound Library

1,690 compounds

Glutamine is an important metabolic fuel that helps rapidly proliferating cells meet the increased demand for ATP, biosynthetic precursors, and reducing agents. Glutamine Metabolism pathway involves the initial deamination of glutamine by glutaminase(GLS), yielding glutamate and ammonia. Glutamate is converted to the TCA cycle intermediate α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) by either glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) or by the alanine or aspartate transaminases (TAs), to produce both ATP and anabolic carbons for the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and lipids. During periods of hypoxia or mitochondrial dysfunction, α-KG can be converted to citrate in a reductive carboxylation reaction catalyzed by IDH2. The newly formed citrate exits the mitochondria where it is used to synthesize fatty acids and amino acids and produce the reducing agent, NADPH.

Cancer cells display an altered metabolic circuitry that is directly regulated by oncogenic mutations and loss of tumor suppressors. Mounting evidence indicates that altered glutamine metabolism in cancer cells has critical roles in supporting macromolecule biosynthesis, regulating signaling pathways, and maintaining redox homeostasis, all of which contribute to cancer cell proliferation and survival. Thus, intervention in glutamine metabolic processes could provide novel approaches to improve cancer treatment.

MCE owns a unique collection of 1,690 compounds targeting the mainly proteins and enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism pathway. Glutamine Metabolism compound library is a useful tool for intervention in glutamine metabolic processes.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-N0390G

L-Glutamine

Fluorescent Dyes

L-Glutamine GMP is L-Glutamine (HY-N0390) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-44134

Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate

1 Publications Verification

Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate (Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate) is a cell-permeable derivative of 2-oxoglutarate and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolite with antioxidant properties. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate inhibits Autophagy. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate prevents mitochondrial damage and reduces ROS production. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate alleviates Carbon tetrachloride (HY-Y0298)-induced liver fibrosis. Dimethyl-2-oxoglutaric acid can be used in the research of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and cardiomyopathy .

HY-W250310

L-Arginine α-ketoglutarate

L-Arginine alpha-ketoglutarate

Biochemical Assay Reagents

L-Arginine α-ketoglutarate, often abbreviated as AAKG, is a dietary supplement that combines arginine L-Arginine and α-ketoglutarate, a key intermediate in the Krebs cycle. L-arginine is a precursor of nitric oxide, which regulates blood flow and promotes vasodilation, while α-ketoglutarate is involved in energy production and protein synthesis. Together, these compounds are thought to support improved muscle recovery, increased endurance, and enhanced athletic performance.

HY-147064A

DL-4-Hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate	Biochemical Assay Reagents
DL-4-Hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate serves as a substrate for the enzymes GOT (glutamic oxalacetic aminotransferase) and 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate aldolase, facilitating the reversible breakdown of 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate into pyruvate and glyoxylate; it has also found applications in mass spectrometry for the swift analysis of negatively charged, water-soluble cellular metabolites.

HY-44134R

Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate (Standard) Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate (Standard)	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Felypressin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Felypressin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Felypressin (PLV-2) is a non-catecholamine vasoconstrictor and a vasopressin 1 agonist. Felypressin is widely used in dental procedures .

HY-N0390G

L-Glutamine

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-44134

Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate 1 Publications Verification Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Drug Derivative Autophagy Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate (Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate) is a cell-permeable derivative of 2-oxoglutarate and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolite with antioxidant properties. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate inhibits Autophagy. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate prevents mitochondrial damage and reduces ROS production. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate alleviates Carbon tetrachloride (HY-Y0298)-induced liver fibrosis. Dimethyl-2-oxoglutaric acid can be used in the research of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and cardiomyopathy .

HY-113076

Thiamine pyrophosphate 1 Publications Verification Cocarboxylase	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1, and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Thiamine pyrophosphate is necessary for oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway by acting as a cofactor for α-ketoacid dehydrogenases .

HY-137808

Succinyl-Coenzyme A sodium 3 Publications Verification Succinyl-CoA sodium	Structural Classification Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Succinyl CoA (Succinyl-coenzyme A) sodium is a pivotal intermediate metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and a key coenzyme A metabolite. Succinyl CoA sodium is biosynthesized from α-ketoglutarate or propionyl-CoA. Succinyl CoA sodium acts as a critical precursor and substrate for heme biosynthesis and gluconeogenesis. Succinyl CoA sodium insufficiency caused by cobalamin deficiency is directly linked to growth retardation, impaired heme synthesis, tissue glycine accumulation and neurological abnormalities. Succinyl CoA sodium can be used in research on metabolic, neurological, and hematological abnormalities (such as porphyria) caused by nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency (leading to a lack of Succinyl-Coenzyme A synthesis) .

HY-W012722

4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid 1 Publications Verification α-Ketoisocaproic acid	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Autophagy mTOR SOD
4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (α-Ketoisocaproic acid) is a metabolite of L-leucine and is involved in energy metabolism. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid increases endoplasmic reticulum stress, promotes lipid accumulation in preadipocytes and insulin resistance by impairing mTOR and autophagy signaling pathways. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid also causes oxidative damage, leading to cognitive deficits, inhibits α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, acts as an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler and metabolic inhibitor. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid acts as a nutrient signal and stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid can be used in the study of maple syrup urine disease .

HY-12688A

Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt 10+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Amyloid-β
Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease .

HY-113038B

α-Hydroxyglutaric acid 2-Hydroxyglutarate; 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid; 2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid	Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Histone Demethylase Endogenous Metabolite
α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases .

HY-100542

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium 4 Publications Verification Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) ATP Synthase mTOR Endogenous Metabolite
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a weak competitive antagonist of *α-ketoglutarate* (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a K_i of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR** signaling .

HY-113038

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid 4 Publications Verification (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate; (R)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid; (R)-2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid	Classification of Application Fields Neurological Disease Anti-aging Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite Immune System Disorder Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Disease Research Fields Inflammation/Immunology Cancer Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) ATP Synthase mTOR Endogenous Metabolite
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid ((R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a weak competitive antagonist of *α-ketoglutarate* (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a K_i of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR** signaling .

HY-W040307

Saccharopine 1 Publications Verification L-Saccharopine	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Saccharopine (L-Saccharopine), a lysine degradation intermediate, is a mitochondrial toxin. Lysine and α-ketoglutarate are converted into Saccharopine by the lysine-ketoglutarate reductase. Saccharopine is then oxidized to α-aminoapidate semialdehyde and glutamate by the saccharopine dehydrogenase. Saccharopine impairs development by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis .

HY-113038A

α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium 2-Hydroxyglutarate disodium; 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium; 2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid disodium	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Histone Demethylase Endogenous Metabolite
α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) disodium is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases .

HY-N0390R

L-Glutamine (Standard) Maximum Cited Publications 27 Publications Verification L-Glutamic acid 5-amide (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Disease markers Endocrine diseases Amino acids Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Cardiovascular System Disorder Cancer Source Classification	Reference Standards mGluR Ferroptosis Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase mTOR STAT NF-κB
L-Glutamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-W040307B

Saccharopine hydrochloride 1 Publications Verification L-Saccharopine hydrochloride	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Saccharopine (L-Saccharopine) hydrochloride, a lysine degradation intermediate, is a mitochondrial toxin. Lysine and α-ketoglutarate are converted into Saccharopine hydrochloride by the lysine-ketoglutarate reductase. Saccharopine hydrochloride is then oxidized to α-aminoapidate semialdehyde and glutamate by the saccharopine dehydrogenase. Saccharopine hydrochloride impairs development by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis .

HY-148285

Succinyl CoA Succinyl-coenzyme A; S-(Hydrogen succinyl)coenzyme A	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Succinyl CoA (Succinyl-coenzyme A) is a pivotal intermediate metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and a key coenzyme A metabolite. Succinyl CoA is biosynthesized from α-ketoglutarate or propionyl-CoA. Succinyl CoA acts as a critical precursor and substrate for heme biosynthesis and gluconeogenesis. Succinyl CoA insufficiency caused by cobalamin deficiency is directly linked to growth retardation, impaired heme synthesis, tissue glycine accumulation and neurological abnormalities. Succinyl CoA can be used in research on metabolic, neurological, and hematological abnormalities (such as porphyria) caused by nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency (leading to a lack of Succinyl-Coenzyme A synthesis) .

HY-12688

Succinyl phosphonate	Structural Classification Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Amyloid-β
Succinyl phosphonate is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease .

HY-113076R

Thiamine pyrophosphate (Standard) Cocarboxylase (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
Thiamine pyrophosphate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Thiamine pyrophosphate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1, and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Thiamine pyrophosphate is necessary for oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway by acting as a cofactor for α-ketoacid dehydrogenases .

HY-44134R

Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate (Standard) Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards
Felypressin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Felypressin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Felypressin (PLV-2) is a non-catecholamine vasoconstrictor and a vasopressin 1 agonist. Felypressin is widely used in dental procedures .

HY-119657

Cellocidin	Natural Products Microorganisms Source Classification	Bacterial
Cellocidin is an agricultural antibiotic with preventive effects against rice bacterial leaf blight and is thought to work by inhibiting the α-ketoglutarate-succinate system in Xanthomonas sp.

HY-100542R

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (Standard) Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) ATP Synthase mTOR Endogenous Metabolite
D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (disodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (disodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a Ki of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling .

Species:	Human (1) Mouse (1) E.coli (1)
Tag:	SUMO (2) His (3) Myc (1)
Source:	E. coli (3)

Cat. No.	Compare	Product Name	Species	Source	Image

HY-P71479

	AlkB Protein, E.coli (Myc, His-SUMO) alkB; aidD; b2212; JW2200Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase AlkB; EC 1.14.11.33; Alkylated DNA repair protein AlkB; DNA oxidative demethylase AlkB	E.coli	E. coli
	AlkB Protein, E.coli (Myc, His-SUMO) is a protein found in E. coli, plays a major role in oxidative dealkylation processes.

HY-P71567

	OGDC-E Protein, Mouse (His-SUMO) Ogdh; Kiaa4192; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase; mitochondrial; EC 1.2.4.2; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex component E1; OGDC-E1; Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase	Mouse	E. coli
	The OGDC-E Protein, a vital component of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, drives the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA in the mitochondrion, a pivotal step in the Krebs cycle.It employs thiamine diphosphate for decarboxylation, connecting to the E2 enzyme and participating in nuclear histone succinylation with KAT2A.OGDC-E Protein, Mouse (His-SUMO) is the recombinant mouse-derived OGDC-E protein, expressed by E.coli , with N-SUMO, N-6*His labeled tag.

HY-P701888

	FTO Protein, Human (His) FTO; Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO; Fat mass and obesity-associated protein; U6 small nuclear RNA (2'-O-methyladenosine-N(6)-)-demethylase FTO; U6 small nuclear RNA N(6)-methyladenosine-demethylase FTO; mRNA (2'-O-methyladenosine-N(6)-)-demethylase FTO; m6A(m)-demethylase FTO; mRNA N(6)-methyladenosine demethylase FTO; tRNA N1-methyl adenine demethylase FTO	Human	E. coli
	FTO protein is an RNA demethylase that regulates fat mass, lipogenesis, and energy homeostasis by targeting N(6)-methyladenosine in mRNA. It also demethylates m6A in U6 snRNA and m6A(m) in 5'-cap, affecting mRNA stability. FTO Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived FTO protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag.

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Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-N0390S1

L-Glutamine-13C5

Maximum Cited Publications

9 Publications Verification

L-Glutamine- ¹³C₅ is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-N0390S

L-Glutamine-15N

3 Publications Verification

L-Glutamine- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-N0390S8

L-Glutamine-15N2

1 Publications Verification

L-Glutamine- ¹⁵N₂ is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-N0390S9

L-Glutamine-15N-1

3 Publications Verification

L-Glutamine- ¹⁵N-1 is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-N0390S2

L-Glutamine-d5

1 Publications Verification

L-Glutamine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-N0390S6

L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2

L-Glutamine- ¹³C₅, ¹⁵N₂ is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-113076S

Thiamine pyrophosphate-d3
Thiamine pyrophosphate-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Thiamine pyrophosphate. Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex.

HY-113038AS

α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-13C5 disodium
α-Hydroxyglutaric acid- ¹³C₅ (sodium) is the ¹³C labeled α-Hydroxyglutaric acid sodium . α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) sodium is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid sodium is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases .

HY-113038AS1

α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d4 disodium

α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d₄ (disodium) is the deuterium labeled α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium . α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) disodium is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases .

HY-N0390S5

L-Glutamine-1-13C

1 Publications Verification

L-Glutamine-1- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-N0390S4

L-Glutamine-5-13C

L-Glutamine-5- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-W654003

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d5 disodium

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d₅ disodium (Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate-d₅) is the deuterium labeled D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (HY-100542). D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (Disodium (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a Ki of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling .

HY-N0390S3

L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2,d5

L-Glutamine- ¹³C₅, ¹⁵N₂,d₅ is the deuterium, ¹³C-, and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

HY-W704805

Sodium 2-hydroxypentanedioate-2,3,3-d3

Sodium 2-hydroxypentanedioate-2,3,3-d₃ is the deuterium labeled α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (HY-113038A). α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) disodium is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases .

HY-W779800

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid-13C5 disodium

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid- ¹³C₅ disodium is the ¹³C-labeled D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (HY-113038). D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid ((R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a K_i of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling .

HY-W016773S

1,10-Decanediol-d20

1,10-Decanediol-d₂₀ is the deuterium labeled 1,10-Decanediol . 1,10-Decanediol is a diol compound that can react with α-ketoglutarate (aKG) to generate polymeric microparticles (termed paKG MPs) for the sustained release of aKG, thereby promoting immunosuppressive regulation. Additionally, paKG MPs can bind to dendritic cells (DCs), reducing their glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration in vitro. These metabolic changes lead to the modulation of MHC-II and CD86 expression in DCs and alter the frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) as well as T-helper type 1/2/17 cells in vitro. 1,10-Decanediol can be used in research within the field of immunometabolism. can be used as a surfactant/stabilizer in the synthesis of nanomaterials .

HY-N0390S7

L-Glutamine-15N2,d5

L-Glutamine- ¹⁵N₂,d₅ is the deuterium and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

Host:	Rabbit (5)
Reactivity:	Human (5) Rat (3) Mouse (1)
Application:	IHC-P (3) ICC/IF (1) IP (1) WB (5) ELISA (1)
Isotype:	IgG (5)
Conjugation:	Non-conjugated (5)
Clonality:	Monoclonal (3) Recombinant (2)
Modification:	Unmodified (3)

Cat. No.	Compare	Product Name	Application	Reactivity	Image

HY-P80680

	FTO Antibody (YA424) FTO; KIAA1752; Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO; Fat mass and obesity-associated protein	WB, IHC-P	Human
	FTO Antibody (YA424) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to FTO.

HY-P86495

	FTO Antibody (YA6187) FTO; KIAA1752; Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO; Fat mass and obesity-associated protein	WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF, IP, ELISA	Human, Mouse, Rat
	FTO Antibody (YA6187) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to FTO.

HY-P80680A

	FTO Antibody (YA424)(PBS only) FTO; KIAA1752; Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO; Fat mass and obesity-associated protein	WB, IHC-P	Human
	FTO Antibody (YA424) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to FTO.

HY-P81901

	OXGR1 Antibody (YA1646) P2Y15; Alpha-ketoglutarate receptor 1; G-protein coupled receptor 80; G-protein coupled receptor 99; P2Y purinoceptor 15	WB	Human, Rat
	OXGR1 Antibody (YA1646) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to OXGR1.

HY-P81901A

	OXGR1 Antibody (YA1646)(PBS only) P2Y15; Alpha-ketoglutarate receptor 1; G-protein coupled receptor 80; G-protein coupled receptor 99; P2Y purinoceptor 15	WB	Human, Rat
	OXGR1 Antibody (YA1646) is a Rabbit-derived and non-conjugated IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting to OXGR1.

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Size	* This product has been "discontinued". Optimized version of product available: / In-stock - + Add to Cart Get quote

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-N0390G

L-Glutamine	mTOR NF-κB STAT HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
L-Glutamine GMP is L-Glutamine (HY-N0390) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na ⁺-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity .

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ketoglutarate

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