1. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB Anti-infection
  2. Dengue Virus PPAR Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Influenza Virus Endogenous Metabolite
  3. Naringenin

Naringenin is the predominant flavanone in Citrus reticulata Blanco; displays strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Naringenin has anti-dengue virus (DENV) activity.

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CAS 番号 : 480-41-1

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
USD 55 在庫あり
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 55 在庫あり
Solid
5 mg $50 在庫あり
10 mg $60 在庫あり
50 mg $96 在庫あり
100 mg $115 在庫あり
250 mg $230 在庫あり
500 mg $322 在庫あり
1 g $420 在庫あり
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カスタマーレビュー

Based on 22 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Naringenin:

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Naringenin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2024 Sep:132:155886.  [Abstract]

    Naringenin (100 mg/kg/d, i.g.). HE staining, Oil red staining in the liver.

    Naringenin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2024 Sep:132:155886.  [Abstract]

    Naringenin (100 mg/kg/d, i.g.). The appearance of gallstones of mice in different treatment groups.

    Naringenin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2024 Sep:132:155886.  [Abstract]

    The naringenin l group and the naringenin H group were treated with naringenin (50 mg/kg/d, i.g.) and naringenin (100 mg/kg/d, i.g.). CGS column chart for mice.

    Naringenin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2024 Sep:132:155886.  [Abstract]

    The naringenin l group and the naringenin H group were treated with naringenin (50 mg/kg/d, i.g.) and naringenin (100 mg/kg/d, i.g.). WB results and statistical analysis bar graphs of HMGCR, UGT1A1, and SOAT2 (n = 6).

    Naringenin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2024 Sep:132:155886.  [Abstract]

    The naringenin l group and the naringenin H group were treated with naringenin (50 mg/kg/d, i.g.) and naringenin (100mg/kg/d, i.g.). Levels of ALT and AST in serum.

    Naringenin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Funct Foods. 2020 Jun.

    Naringenin decreases the number of Iba-1-positive microglia and fully-activated microglia. Schematic diagram of the selected region of brain section for immunochemistry and Representative Iba-1 staining.

    Naringenin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Funct Foods. 2020 Jun.

    Naringenin prevents the neuroinflammation. Representative Western blot bands of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and iNOS.

    PPAR アイソフォーム固有の製品をすべて表示:

    Endogenous Metabolite アイソフォーム固有の製品をすべて表示:

    • 生物活性

    • プロトコル

    • 純度とドキュメンテーション

    • 参考文献

    • カスタマーレビュー

    製品説明

    Naringenin is the predominant flavanone in Citrus reticulata Blanco; displays strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Naringenin has anti-dengue virus (DENV) activity.

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    A549 IC50
    > 100 μM
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 18440233]
    B16-BL6 IC50
    > 100 μM
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against mouse B16-BL6 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against mouse B16-BL6 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 18440233]
    BJ EC50
    > 10 μM
    Compound: 2
    Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    [PMID: 20192247]
    C8166 CC50
    141.6 μg/mL
    Compound: 6
    Cytotoxicity against human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 24794743]
    C8166 EC50
    9.47 μg/mL
    Compound: 6
    Antiviral activity against HIV-1 3B infected in human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity by measuring syncytial cell number after 3 days by inverted microscopic analysis
    Antiviral activity against HIV-1 3B infected in human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity by measuring syncytial cell number after 3 days by inverted microscopic analysis
    [PMID: 24794743]
    CCRF-CEM EC50
    > 10 μM
    Compound: 2
    Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    [PMID: 20192247]
    Col2 EC50
    > 1 x 103 nM
    Compound: naringenin
    Cytotoxicity against human Col2 cells
    Cytotoxicity against human Col2 cells
    [PMID: 15043407]
    DLD-1 IC50
    > 25 μM
    Compound: 9
    Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells
    Cytotoxicity against human DLD1 cells
    [PMID: 18039011]
    H9 EC50
    92 μM
    Compound: 19
    Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 3 days by p24 antigen capture assay
    Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 3 days by p24 antigen capture assay
    [PMID: 8158164]
    H9 IC50
    294 μM
    Compound: 19
    Cytotoxicity against human H9 cells after 3 days
    Cytotoxicity against human H9 cells after 3 days
    [PMID: 8158164]
    HEK293 IC50
    14.4 μM
    Compound: 12
    Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol
    Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD2 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol
    [PMID: 18533708]
    HEK293 IC50
    4.96 μM
    Compound: 12
    Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol
    Inhibition of human recombinant 17beta-HSD1 expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as conversion of radiolabeled estrone to estradiol
    [PMID: 18533708]
    HL-60 IC50
    413.7 μM
    Compound: Naringenin
    Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 46 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 46 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 23756061]
    HSC-2 CC50
    0.55 mM
    Compound: 19
    Cytotoxicity against human HSC2 cells
    Cytotoxicity against human HSC2 cells
    [PMID: 11170668]
    HT-1080 IC50
    > 100 μM
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 18440233]
    HUVEC ED50
    > 1 x 103 nM
    Compound: naringenin
    Cytotoxicity against HUVEC
    Cytotoxicity against HUVEC
    [PMID: 15043407]
    HeLa EC50
    > 10 μM
    Compound: 2
    Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    [PMID: 20192247]
    HeLa IC50
    > 100 μM
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 18440233]
    HeLa IC50
    > 25 μM
    Compound: 9
    Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells
    Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells
    [PMID: 18039011]
    Jurkat IC50
    41.6 μM
    Compound: Naringenin
    Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of human 26S proteasome in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-AMC as substrate after 24 hrs by fluorescence based method
    Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of human 26S proteasome in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-AMC as substrate after 24 hrs by fluorescence based method
    [PMID: 30776692]
    Jurkat IC50
    48.8 μM
    Compound: Naringenin
    Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of purified human 20S proteasome expressed in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC as substrate incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence based method
    Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of purified human 20S proteasome expressed in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC as substrate incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence based method
    [PMID: 30776692]
    KB ED50
    2.71 μg/mL
    Compound: narigenin
    Cytotoxicity against human KB cells
    Cytotoxicity against human KB cells
    [PMID: 8450317]
    KB ED50
    > 1 x 103 nM
    Compound: naringenin
    Cytotoxicity against human KB cells
    Cytotoxicity against human KB cells
    [PMID: 15043407]
    L5178Y IC50
    >= 11.3 μM
    Compound: 1
    Cytotoxicity against multi-drug resistant mouse L5178Y cells transfected with ABCB1 gene assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against multi-drug resistant mouse L5178Y cells transfected with ABCB1 gene assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 33038666]
    L5178Y IC50
    >= 11.3 μM
    Compound: 1
    Cytotoxicity against parental mouse L5178Y cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against parental mouse L5178Y cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 33038666]
    LNCaP ED50
    > 1 x 103 nM
    Compound: naringenin
    Cytotoxicity against human LNCAP cells
    Cytotoxicity against human LNCAP cells
    [PMID: 15043407]
    Lu1 ED50
    > 1 x 103 nM
    Compound: naringenin
    Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells
    Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells
    [PMID: 15043407]
    MCF7 EC50
    > 10 μM
    Compound: 2
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    [PMID: 20192247]
    MCF7 IC50
    0.3 μM
    Compound: Naringenin
    Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 6 days by SRB assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 6 days by SRB assay
    [PMID: 33257172]
    MCF7 IC50
    5.1 μM
    Compound: Naringenin
    Inhibition of aromatase in human MCF7 cells using [1beta-3H]androstenedione as substrate measured after 1 hr by liquid scintillation counting method
    Inhibition of aromatase in human MCF7 cells using [1beta-3H]androstenedione as substrate measured after 1 hr by liquid scintillation counting method
    [PMID: 27155469]
    NALM-6 IC50
    426.3 μM
    Compound: Naringenin
    Cytotoxicity against human NALM6 cells after 46 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human NALM6 cells after 46 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 23756061]
    Neutrophil IC50
    3.3 μM
    Compound: 66
    Inhibition of fMLF/CB-induced human Neutrophil activation assessed as reduction in superoxide anion
    Inhibition of fMLF/CB-induced human Neutrophil activation assessed as reduction in superoxide anion
    [PMID: 37683361]
    Neutrophil IC50
    5.3 μM
    Compound: 66
    Inhibition of fMLF/CB-induced human Neutrophil activation assessed as reduction in elastase release
    Inhibition of fMLF/CB-induced human Neutrophil activation assessed as reduction in elastase release
    [PMID: 37683361]
    PLC-PRF-5 ED50
    2.47 μg/mL
    Compound: narigenin
    Cytotoxicity against human PLC/PRF/5 cells
    Cytotoxicity against human PLC/PRF/5 cells
    [PMID: 8450317]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    60 μM
    Compound: 11
    Inhibition of LPS/INF-gamma-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 16 hrs
    Inhibition of LPS/INF-gamma-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 16 hrs
    [PMID: 27955927]
    RPMI-8226 EC50
    > 10 μM
    Compound: 2
    Cytotoxicity against human RPMI8226 cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    Cytotoxicity against human RPMI8226 cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    [PMID: 20192247]
    TERT-RPE1 ED50
    > 1 x 103 nM
    Compound: naringenin
    Cytotoxicity against human telomerase reverse transcriptase expressing human RPE1 cells
    Cytotoxicity against human telomerase reverse transcriptase expressing human RPE1 cells
    [PMID: 15043407]
    THP-1 EC50
    > 10 μM
    Compound: 2
    Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells after 72 hrs by erythosin B staining method
    Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells after 72 hrs by erythosin B staining method
    [PMID: 20192247]
    THP-1 IC50
    > 10 μM
    Compound: 25
    Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by WST assay
    Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by WST assay
    [PMID: 25735399]
    U-266 EC50
    > 10 μM
    Compound: 2
    Cytotoxicity against human U266 cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    Cytotoxicity against human U266 cells assessed as viable cells after 72 hrs by calcein AM assay
    [PMID: 20192247]
    WM-115 IC50
    524.8 μM
    Compound: Naringenin
    Cytotoxicity against human WM115 cells after 46 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human WM115 cells after 46 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 23756061]
    体外実験

    Naringenin is shown to inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells resulted partly from an accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 and G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Naringenin has been shown to induce apoptosis as evidenced by nuclei damage and increased proportion of apoptotic cells. Naringenin triggers the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway as shown by an increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, subsequent release of cytochrome C, and sequential activation of caspase-3[1]. Naringenin exposure significantly reduces the cell viability of A431 cells with a concomitant increase in nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation in a dose dependent manner. Cell cycle study shows that naringenin induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase of cell cycle and caspase-3 analysis reveal a dose dependent increment in caspase-3 activity which leads to cell apoptosis[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    体内実験

    Naringenin supplementation causes a significant reduction in the amount of total triglyceride and cholesterol in plasma and liver. In addition, naringenin supplementation lowers adiposity and triglyceride contents in parametrial adipose tissue. Naringenin-fed animals show a significant increase in PPARα protein expression in the liver. The expression of CPT-1 and UCP2, known to be regulated by PPARα, is markedly enhanced by naringenin treatment[3]. Naringenin increases hepatic fatty acid oxidation through a PPARγ coactivator 1α/PPARα-mediated transcription program. It prevents sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c–mediated lipogenesis in both liver and muscle by reducing fasting hyperinsulinemia. Naringenin decreases hepatic cholesterol and cholesterol ester synthesis[4]. Naringenin inhibits TNF-α-induced VSMC proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistic study demonstrates that naringenin prevents ERK/MAPK and Akt phosphorylation while left p38 MAPK and JNK unchanged. Naringenin also blocks the increase of ROS generation induced by TNF-α[5].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    臨床実験
    分子量

    272.25

    分子式

    C15H12O5

    CAS 番号
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to light yellow

    SMILES

    O=C1C[C@@H](C2=CC=C(O)C=C2)OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C13

    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    輸送条件

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    保管条件
    Powder -20°C 3 years
      4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
      -20°C 1 month
    溶剤 & 溶解度
    体外: 

    DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (367.31 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 3.6731 mL 18.3655 mL 36.7309 mL
    5 mM 0.7346 mL 3.6731 mL 7.3462 mL
    10 mM 0.3673 mL 1.8365 mL 3.6731 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

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    一般には略語で表示されます:C1V1 = C2V2

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    体内:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.18 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.18 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
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    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
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    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    純度とドキュメンテーション

    純度: 99.28%

    参考文献
    細胞実験
    [1]

    Naringenin is dissolved in DMSO and diluted in cell culture medium. The cells are rinsed with PBS and grown in a medium containing various concentrations of naringenin (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 μM). The solvent DMSO treated cells are served as control. After 24 hrs of treatment, the medium is removed and replaced by another medium containing MTT. Cell viability is measured using the MTT assay[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) はこれらの方法の精度を確認していません。 こちらは参照専用です。

    動物実験
    [3][4]

    Rats: Semi-purified, powdered diets are prepared for concentrations of naringenin: 0, 0.003, 0.006, and 0.012% of diet. After 7 days of acclimatization, rats are assigned to one of four groups, with six animals per group, and fed semi-purified experimental diets for 6 weeks. The experimental diets contain 16% fat, 45.5% sucrose, and different naringenin concentration (0, 0.003, 0.006, or 0.012%) (Table 1). Rats have ad libitum access to food and water during the study period. Food intake and body weight are measured throughout the experiment[3].

    Mouse: Eight- to 12-week-old mice are fed ad libitum a rodent standard diet or a high-fat diet containing 42% of calories from fat plus cholesterol (0.05% wt/wt). Naringenin is added to the Western diet at 1 or 3% (wt/wt). Ldlr−/− mice are fed for 4 weeks and C57BL/6J mice for 30 weeks. Food intake is measured daily, and body weight is measured biweekly. Mice are fasted for 6 h before intervention[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) はこれらの方法の精度を確認していません。 こちらは参照専用です。

    参考文献

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 3.6731 mL 18.3655 mL 36.7309 mL 91.8274 mL
    5 mM 0.7346 mL 3.6731 mL 7.3462 mL 18.3655 mL
    10 mM 0.3673 mL 1.8365 mL 3.6731 mL 9.1827 mL
    15 mM 0.2449 mL 1.2244 mL 2.4487 mL 6.1218 mL
    20 mM 0.1837 mL 0.9183 mL 1.8365 mL 4.5914 mL
    25 mM 0.1469 mL 0.7346 mL 1.4692 mL 3.6731 mL
    30 mM 0.1224 mL 0.6122 mL 1.2244 mL 3.0609 mL
    40 mM 0.0918 mL 0.4591 mL 0.9183 mL 2.2957 mL
    50 mM 0.0735 mL 0.3673 mL 0.7346 mL 1.8365 mL
    60 mM 0.0612 mL 0.3061 mL 0.6122 mL 1.5305 mL
    80 mM 0.0459 mL 0.2296 mL 0.4591 mL 1.1478 mL
    100 mM 0.0367 mL 0.1837 mL 0.3673 mL 0.9183 mL
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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    一般には略語で表示されます:C1V1 = C2V2

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    × = ×
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    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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    製品名:
    Naringenin
    製品番号:
    HY-N0100
    数量:
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