37 Results for "

glutamate excitotoxicity

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:
Products (37)

37 Results for "glutamate excitotoxicity" in MCE Product Catalog:

42
42 Publications Verification
Cat. No.: HY-N2309
CAS No.: 487-79-6
Kainic acid is a potent excitotoxic agent. Kainic acid hydrate also is an agonist for a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainic acid induces seizures .
loading...
    loading...
42
42 Publications Verification
Cat. No.: HY-N2309A
CAS No.: 58002-62-3
Target:  

mGluR

Research Areas:  

Neurological Disease

Kainic acid hydrate is a potent excitotoxic agent. Kainic acid hydrate also is an agonist for a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainic acid hydrate induces seizures .
loading...
    loading...
14
14 Cited Publications
Cat. No.: HY-12688A
CAS No.: 864167-45-3
Purity:  ≥98.0%
Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease .
loading...
    loading...
11
11 Cited Publications
Cat. No.: HY-N0264
CAS No.: 1124-11-4
Synonyms: Chuanxiongzine; Tetramethylpyrazine
Ligustrazine (Chuanxiongzine) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable alkaloid. It can be isolated from Ligusticum striatum DC. Ligustrazine reduces ROS, upregulates the levels of p-Akt/Akt and p-eNOS/eNOS, and decreases ALT and AST. It inhibits glutamate excitotoxicity, calcium overload, oxidative stress, ischemia-reperfusion injury and atherosclerotic plaque progression, enhances synaptic plasticity, and improves neurological function, cerebral infarct volume and brain water content. Ligustrazine possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipid-lowering, endothelial protective and hepatoprotective activities. It can be used in studies related to ischemic stroke, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and atherosclerosis .
loading...
    loading...
11
11 Cited Publications
Cat. No.: HY-N0935
CAS No.: 76494-51-4
Synonyms: Chuanxiongzine hydrochloride; Tetramethylpyrazine hydrochloride
Ligustrazine hydrochloride (Chuanxiongzine hydrochloride) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable alkaloid. It can be isolated from Ligusticum striatum DC. Ligustrazine hydrochloride reduces ROS, upregulates the levels of p-Akt/Akt and p-eNOS/eNOS, and decreases ALT and AST. It inhibits glutamate excitotoxicity, calcium overload, oxidative stress, ischemia-reperfusion injury and atherosclerotic plaque progression, enhances synaptic plasticity, and improves neurological function, cerebral infarct volume and brain water content. Ligustrazine hydrochloride possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipid-lowering, endothelial protective and hepatoprotective activities. It can be used in studies related to ischemic stroke, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and atherosclerosis .
loading...
    loading...
4
4 Cited Publications
Cat. No.: HY-120079
CAS No.: 1592908-16-1
Purity:  99.00%
Target:  

Bcl-2 Family Apoptosis

Research Areas:  

Cancer

MSN-125 is a potent Bax and Bak oligomerization inhibitor. MSN-125 prevents mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) with an IC50 of 4 μM. MSN-125 potently inhibits Bax/Bak-mediated apoptosis in HCT-116, BMK Cells, and primary cortical neurons, protects primary neurons against glutamate excitotoxicity .
loading...
    loading...
2
2 Cited Publications
Cat. No.: HY-W040045
CAS No.: 18466-51-8
Synonyms: Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside chloride
Callistephin (Pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside) chloride is an anthocyanin. Callistephin chloride regulates the expression of inflammatory (reducing iNOS/TNF-α/COX-2) and apoptosis-related proteins by inhibiting p38 phosphorylation, and enhances the protective effect of Isoflurane (HY-A0134) on microglial cell damage. Callistephin chloride significantly reduces ROS levels, eliminates DPPH free radicals, protects retinal pigment epithelial cells, and inhibits lipid peroxidation. Callistephin chloride can alleviate glutamate excitotoxicity, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and protect cerebellar granule neurons. Callistephin chloride can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis .
loading...
    loading...
1
1 Cited Publications
Cat. No.: HY-14608R
CAS No.: 56-86-0
L-Glutamic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid can be used in the study of neurological diseases . IC50 & Target:DA . In Vitro: L-Glutamic acid (120, 500, 750, 1000 mg/dL) can reduce the harmful effect of lithium on the embryonic development of Xenopus Xenopus .
L-Glutamic acid (2, 5, 10, 20 mM, 24-48 h) can induce neuroexcitotoxicity in neuroblastoma .
In Vivo: L-Glutamic acid (3 g/kg, subcutaneous injection) can promote excitotoxic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in mice .
L-Glutamic acid (750 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) can reduce and inhibit oxidative stress induced by chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rats .
loading...
    loading...
1
1 Cited Publications
Cat. No.: HY-15703
CAS No.: 1237744-13-6
Purity:  99.46%
Target:  

iGluR

Research Areas:  

Neurological Disease

QNZ46 is a highly selective noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist targeting GluN2C/D (IC50=3.9 μM), GluN1/GluN2C (IC50=7.1 μM), and GluN1/GluN2D (IC50=182 μM) subunits. QNZ46 inhibits glutamate-mediated calcium influx, thereby blocking excitotoxicity. QNZ46 is membrane permeable and can cross the blood-brain barrier, where it inhibits myelin damage and axonal degeneration .
loading...
    loading...
1
1 Cited Publications
Cat. No.: HY-120553
CAS No.: 1261576-81-1
Purity:  ≥99.0%
Target:  

Apoptosis

Research Areas:  

Neurological Disease

B355252, a phenoxy thiophene sulfonamide small molecule, is a potent NGF receptor agonist. B355252 potentiates NGF-induced neurite outgrowth. B355252 protects ischemic neurons from neuronal loss by attenuating DNA damage, reducing ROS production and the LDH level, and preventing neuronal apoptosis. B355252 has anti-apoptotic effects in glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, as well as in a murine hippocampal cell line (HT22) model of Parkinson disease (PD) .
loading...
    loading...
Cat. No.: HY-N6746
CAS No.: 518-75-2
Synonyms: NSC 186
Citrinin (NSC 186) is a mycotoxin that causes food contamination and has different toxic effects. Citrinin is an effective oral anticancer agent. Citrinin has various regulatory effects on mouse immune system, including regulating the number of immune cells, inducing apoptosis and autophagy of immune cells, altering toll-like receptor expression and cytokine production. Citrinin can induce oxidative stress and lead to early apoptosis of oocytes. Low doses of Citrinin have neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in rat cortical neurons. In addition, Citrinin also has antibacterial activity .
loading...
    loading...
Cat. No.: HY-P10638
Target:  

CaMK

TAT-CN21 is a potent CaMKII inhibitor with an IC50 of 77.2 nM. TAT-CN21 inhibits both calcium/calmodulin-dependent and autonomously activated CaMKII, blocks glutamate-induced translocation of CaMK IIα, and reverses the enhanced phosphorylation of CaMKII at Thr286 following excitotoxic injury. TAT-CN21 shows application potential in studies related to ischemic stroke by reducing neuronal excitotoxicity and exacerbating pre-existing long-term neuronal death prior to injury. TAT-CN21 improves definitive behaviors in rats with residual nerve injury without altering indicators such as mechanical/thermal hyperalgesia or spatial memory. TAT-CN21 can also be used in studies related to neuropathic pain .
loading...
    loading...
Cat. No.: HY-16713A
CAS No.: 1321546-70-6
Synonyms: (5S)-Fluorowillardiine hydrochloride; (S)-5-Fluorowillardiine hydrochloride
Target:  

iGluR

Research Areas:  

Neurological Disease

(S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine ((5S)-Fluorowillardiine; (S)-5-Fluorowillardiine) hydrochloride is a potent, highly selective non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR, AMPA/Kainate receptor) agonist . (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine hydrochloride activates high-affinity AMPA-preferring receptors (EC50 = 0.70 μM) and low-affinity kainate-preferring receptors (EC50 = 170 μM), thereby inducing biphasic dose-dependent neurotoxicity/excitotoxicity. (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine hydrochloride is applicable to research related to schizophrenia, temporal lobe epilepsy, and bipolar disorder .
loading...
    loading...
Cat. No.: HY-12688
CAS No.: 26647-82-5
Succinyl phosphonate is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease .
loading...
    loading...
Cat. No.: HY-P3588
CAS No.: 2920938-90-3
N-Acetyl semax amidate is a derivative of Semax (HY-P1146) (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) obtained via N-terminal acetylation and C-terminal amidation, and it exhibits nootropic and neuroprotective activities. N-Acetyl semax amidate exerts neuroprotective effects by upregulating the expression of BDNF and NGF, inhibiting neuronal apoptosis, alleviating oxidative stress, and reducing glutamate excitotoxicity. N-Acetyl semax amidate can be used in research related to central nervous system diseases such as ischemic stroke, cognitive impairment, and neurodegenerative diseases .
loading...
    loading...
Cat. No.: HY-106969A
CAS No.: 170142-29-7
ZD 9379 sodium is a competitive glycine/NMDA receptor antagonist, with an IC50 value of 75 nM (glutamate site). ZD 9379 sodium selectively antagonizes the glycine binding site (GlyB site) on the NMDA receptor, inhibiting the binding of glycine to the NMDA receptor and alleviating excitotoxicity. ZD 9379 sodium reduces the frequency of cortical spreading depression (SDs), alleviates energy depletion in the ischemic penumbra, and delays the expansion of infarction. ZD 9379 sodium reduces the infarct volume and improves neurological function in mouse models. ZD 9379 sodium can be used in studies of acute ischemic stroke, etc .
loading...
    loading...
Cat. No.: HY-118783
CAS No.: 96017-59-3
Purity:  ≥98.0%
Synonyms: (±)-2-Hexyl-4-pentynoic acid
Target:  

HDAC HSP

Research Areas:  

Neurological Disease Cancer

2-Hexyl-4-pentynoic acid ((±)-2-Hexyl-4-pentynoic acid), a Valproic acid (HY-10585) derivative, exhibits potential roles of HDAC inhibition (IC50 = 13 μM) and HSP70 induction. 2-Hexyl-4-pentynoic acid causes histone hyperacetylation and protect against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in cultured neurons. 2-Hexyl-4-pentynoic acid can be used for the study of breast carcinoma. 2-Hexyl-4-pentynoic acid is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups .
loading...
    loading...
Cat. No.: HY-N0264R
CAS No.: 1124-11-4
Synonyms: Chuanxiongzine (Standard); Tetramethylpyrazine (Standard)
Ligustrazine (Standard) (Chuanxiongzine (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Ligustrazine (HY-N0264). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ligustrazine (Chuanxiongzine) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable alkaloid. It can be isolated from Ligusticum striatum DC. Ligustrazine reduces ROS, upregulates the levels of p-Akt/Akt and p-eNOS/eNOS, and decreases ALT and AST. It inhibits glutamate excitotoxicity, calcium overload, oxidative stress, ischemia-reperfusion injury and atherosclerotic plaque progression, enhances synaptic plasticity, and improves neurological function, cerebral infarct volume and brain water content. Ligustrazine possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipid-lowering, endothelial protective and hepatoprotective activities. It can be used in studies related to ischemic stroke, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and atherosclerosis .
loading...
    loading...
Cat. No.: HY-W040045R
CAS No.: 18466-51-8
Synonyms: Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (Standard)
Callistephin (Pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside) chloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Callistephin chloride (HY-W040045). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Callistephin chloride is an anthocyanin. Callistephin chloride regulates the expression of inflammatory (reducing iNOS/TNF-α/COX-2) and apoptosis-related proteins by inhibiting p38 phosphorylation, and enhances the protective effect of Isoflurane (HY-A0134) on microglial cell damage. Callistephin chloride significantly reduces ROS levels, eliminates DPPH free radicals, protects retinal pigment epithelial cells, and inhibits lipid peroxidation. Callistephin chloride can alleviate glutamate excitotoxicity, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and protect cerebellar granule neurons. Callistephin chloride can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis.
loading...
    loading...
Cat. No.: HY-N12635
Levinoid C is a Cytochrome P450-modified bacterial terpenoid. Levinoid C shows moderate neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity cell model with an EC50 of 21 μM .
loading...
    loading...