2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
    Epigenetics
  4. HDAC

HDAC

Histone deacetylases

HDAC

Related Products

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HDAC (Histone deacetylases) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups (O=C-CH3) from an ε-N-acetyl lysine amino acid on ahistone, allowing the histones to wrap the DNA more tightly. This is important because DNA is wrapped around histones, and DNA expression is regulated by acetylation and de-acetylation. Its action is opposite to that of histone acetyltransferase. HDAC proteins are now also called lysine deacetylases (KDAC), to describe their function rather than their target, which also includes non-histone proteins. Together with the acetylpolyamine amidohydrolases and the acetoin utilization proteins, the histone deacetylases form an ancient protein superfamily known as the histone deacetylase superfamily.

HDAC Isoform Specific Products:

HDAC Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-RS06089
    Hdac9 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A
    		Inhibitor

    Hdac9 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for Hdac9 gene (Mouse), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.
    Hdac9 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A
  • HY-178485
    SJY26
    		Inhibitor
    SJY26 is a PI3K/HDAC dual-target inhibitor with IC50s of 0.59 nM (PI3Kα and PI3Kδ), 2.02 nM (PI3Kγ), 12.69 nM (PI3Kβ) and 114 nM (HDAC1). SJY26 exhibits potent broad-spectrum anti-proliferative activity, and is particularly sensitive to Jurkat and PC9R cells. SJY26 inhibited the migration of PC9R cells, arrested the cell cycle and induced cell apoptosis. SJY26 reduces AKT phosphorylation, and decreases histone H3 deacetylation (Ac-H3). SJY26 can be used for the studies of non-small cell lung cancer and leukemia.
    SJY26
  • HY-181640
    HDAC1/3-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 99.81%
    HDAC1/3-IN-1 is a selective HDAC1/3 inhibitor, with IC50 values of 256 nM and 340.3 nM against HDAC1 and HDAC3, respectively. HDAC1/3-IN-1 increases the SubG1 cell population and promotes apoptosis of glioma cells and glioblastoma stem cells. HDAC1/3-IN-1 can be used in studies related to glioblastoma.
    HDAC1/3-IN-1
  • HY-15433B
    Quisinostat hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    Quisinostat (JNJ-26481585) hydrochloride is a potent and orally active pan-HDAC inhibitor (HDACi), with IC50 values ranging from 0.11 nM to 0.64 nM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC4, HDAC10 and HDAC11. Quisinostat hydrochloride has a broad spectrum antitumoral activity. Quisinostat hydrochloride can induce autophagy in neuroblastoma cells.
    Quisinostat hydrochloride
  • HY-149371
    HDAC6-IN-16
    		Inhibitor
    HDAC6-IN-16 (compound 5c) is a histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitor, based on Quinazolin-4(3H)-One. HDAC6-IN-16 exhibits anticancer effect, inhibits colony-forming. And HDAC6-IN-16 arrests cell cycle at G2 phase and induces apoptosis.
    HDAC6-IN-16
  • HY-176866
    Rodin-A
    		Inhibitor
    Rodin-A is an orally active, brain-penetrant and selective histone deacetylase (HDAC)-co-repressor of repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (CoREST) complex inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.80 μM for the CoREST complex, 0.15 μM for HDAC1, and 0.43 μM for HDAC2. Rodin-A increases the acetylation level of histone H3K9, upregulates the expression of neuron-related genes, thereby promoting the increase in dendritic spine density, the colocalization of synaptic proteins (SV2A and PSD95), and the improvement of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), exerting synaptic protection and repair activity. Rodin-A is promising for research of neurodegenerative diseases related to synaptic dysfunction, especially Alzheimer’s disease.
    Rodin-A
  • HY-151443
    HDAC-IN-47
    		Inhibitor
    HDAC-IN-47 is an orally active inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with IC50s of 19.75 nM (HDAC1), 5.63 nM (HDAC2), 40.27 nM (HDAC3), 57.8 nM (HDAC2), 302.73 nM (HDAC8), respectively. HDAC-IN-47 inhibits autophagy and induces apoptosis via the Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-3 pathways. HDAC-IN-47 arrests cell cycle at G2/M phase, and shows anti-tumor efficacy in vivo.
    HDAC-IN-47
  • HY-178351
    HDAC6-IN-67
    		Inhibitor
    HDAC6-IN-67 is a selective HDAC6 inhibitor (IC50 = 17.15 nM) that exhibits 19-fold selectivity over HDAC1. HDAC6-IN-67 selectively inhibits HDAC6 by interacting with Ser531 and His614. HDAC6-IN-67 induces apoptosis by inducing the cleavage of caspases 9, 8, 3, and PARP, upregulating Bax expression, and downregulating Bcl-2 expression. HDAC6-IN-67 effectively induces the acetylation of α-tubulin, without affecting histone H3 acetylation in MCF-7/ADR cells. HDAC6-IN-67 can be used for the study of breast cancer.
    HDAC6-IN-67
  • HY-162060
    YPX-C-05
    		Inhibitor
    YPX-C-05 is a hydroxamic acid-based HDAC inhibitor. YPX-C-05 exerts significant vasodilatory effects. YPX-C-05 exhibits inhibitory effects on HDACs and increases histone H4 acetylation in endothelial cells. YPX-C-05 can be used for hypertension research.
    YPX-C-05
  • HY-149718
    Antitumor agent-123
    		Inhibitor
    Antitumor agent-123 (Copmound 4d) effectively inhibits multiple kinase targets with anti-cancer effects, including JAK2, JAK3, HDAC1 and HDAC6, with IC50 values of 34.6 and 2.6 μM for JAK2 and JAK3, respectively. Antitumor agent-123 exhibits moderate activity in solid tumor models.
    Antitumor agent-123
  • HY-124792
    MRLB-223
    		Inhibitor
    MRLB-223 is a preferential HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibitor with activity against tumor cells.MRLB-223 induces histone hyperacetylation, intrinsic apoptotic pathway activation, tumor cell apoptosis, Hsp90 hyperacetylation, and caspase-dependent Bcr-Abl degradation.MRLB-223 mediates p53-independent tumor cell death, with activity suppressed by Bcl-2 overexpression, and kills Bcr-Abl-expressing myeloid cells.MRLB-223 exerts effects in mice bearing Eμ-myc lymphomas.MRLB-223 can be used for the research of Eμ-myc lymphoma.
    MRLB-223
  • HY-N0931R
    Santacruzamate A (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Santacruzamate A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Santacruzamate A. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Santacruzamate A (CAY-10683, STA) is a potent and selective HDAC2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 119 pM. STA also exerts neuroprotective property against amyloid-β protein fragment 25–35. STA can be used for cancer and neurological disease research[1][2].
    Santacruzamate A (Standard)
  • HY-172878
    HDAC/PSMD14-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    HDAC/PSMD14-IN-1 (Compound 8B) is a thiolutin derivative. HDAC/PSMD14-IN-1 is a orally active dual-target inhibitor of PSMD14/HDAC1 (IC50 238.7 nM/141.2 nM, respectively). HDAC/PSMD14-IN-1 has good cytotoxicity against ESCC cell lines (IC50: 30-250 nM) and effectively reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). HDAC/PSMD14-IN-1 can induce apoptosis. HDAC/PSMD14-IN-1 has anti-tumor activity in a KYSE30 cell mouse xenograft model. HDAC/PSMD14-IN-1 can be used in anti-esophageal cancer research.
    HDAC/PSMD14-IN-1
  • HY-181979
    HDAC8-IN-15
    		Inhibitor
    HDAC8-IN-15 is a selective HDAC8 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.40 μM. HDAC8-IN-15 increases the acetylation level of the HDAC8 substrate SMC3 without altering the total protein level of SMC3. HDAC8-IN-15 reduces cancer cell viability, inhibits colony formation, slows cell migration, induces apoptosis, and causes cell cycle arrest at the SubG1 phase. HDAC8-IN-15 can be used in studies related to neuroblastoma.
    HDAC8-IN-15
  • HY-180994
    HDAC6-IN-72
    		Inhibitor
    HDAC6-IN-72 is a HDAC6 zinc finger ubiquitin-binding domain (ZnF-UBD) inhibitor that inhibits the interaction between HDAC6 ZnF-UBD and ubiquitin with an IC50 of 2.7 μM. HDAC6-IN-72 can be used for the research of breast cancer, colorectal cancer, multiple myeloma.
    HDAC6-IN-72
  • HY-P2698
    1-Alaninechlamydocin
    		Inhibitor
    1-Alaninechlamydocin, a cyclic tetrapeptide, is a potent HDAC inhibitor (IC50=6.4 nM). 1-Alaninechlamydocin induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MIA PaCa-2 cells.
    1-Alaninechlamydocin
  • HY-162955
    LSD1/HDAC-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    LSD1/HDAC-IN-1 (compound 2) is a potent inhibitor of HDAC and LSD1, with IC50s of 0.125 nM, 0.373 nM, 0.0118 nM, 0.103 nM, and 0.571 μM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC6, HDAC8 and LSD1, respectively. LSD1/HDAC-IN-1 plays an important role in cancer research.
    LSD1/HDAC-IN-1
  • HY-142690
    HDAC-IN-27
    		Inhibitor 98.12%
    HDAC-IN-27 (Compound 11h) is a potent, orally active class I HDAC-selective inhibitor with IC50 values ranging from 0.43 to 3.01 nM against HDAC1-3. HDAC-IN-27 exhibits both in vivo and in vitro antitumor activity. HDAC-IN-27 demonstrates significant anti-proliferative activity against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines by inducing apoptosis and histone acetylation (AcHH3 and AcHH4). HDAC-IN-27 can be used for research in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
    HDAC-IN-27
  • HY-RS06071
    Hdac3 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A
    		Inhibitor

    Hdac3 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for Hdac3 gene (Mouse), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.
    Hdac3 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A
  • HY-162378
    LT-630
    		Inhibitor
    LT-630 is a HDAC6 inhibitor. LT-630 ameliorates liver injury by reducing oxidative damage.
    LT-630
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
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Download HDAC Signaling Pathway Map.

TCR, GPCR and HDAC II interaction: Diverse agonists act through G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to activate the PKC-PKD axis, CaMK, Rho, or MHC binding to antigens stimulates TCR to activate PKD, leading to phosphorylation of class II HDACs. Phospho-HDACs dissociate from MEF2, bind 14-3-3, and are exported to the cytoplasm through a CRM1-dependent mechanism. CRM1 is inhibited by leptomycin B (LMB). Release of MEF2 from class II HDACs allows p300 to dock on MEF2 and stimulate gene expression. Dephosphorylation of class II HDACs in the cytoplasm enables reentry into the nucleus[1].

 

TLR: TLR signaling is initiated by ligand binding to receptors. The recruitment of TLR domain-containing adaptor protein MyD88 is repressed by HDAC6, whereas NF-κB and MTA-1 can be negatively regulated by HDAC1/2/3 and HDAC2, respectively. Acetylation by HATs enhance MKP-1 which inhibits p38-mediated inflammatory responses, while HDAC1/2/3 inhibits MKP-1 activity. HDAC1 and HDAC8 repress, whereas HDAC6 promotes, IRF function in response to viral challenge. HDAC11 inhibits IL-10 expression and HDAC1 and HDAC2 represses IFNγ-dependent activation of the CIITA transcription factor, thus affecting antigen presentation[2][3].

 

IRNAR: IFN-α/β induce activation of the type I IFN receptor and then bring the receptor-associated JAKs into proximity. JAK adds phosphates to the receptor. STATs bind to the phosphates and then phosphorylated by JAKs to form a dimer, leading to nuclear translocation and gene expression. HDACs positively regulate STATs and PZLF to promote antiviral responses and IFN-induced gene expression[2][3].

 

Cell cycle: In G1 phase, HDAC, Retinoblastoma protein (RB), E2F and polypeptide (DP) form a repressor complex. HDAC acts on surrounding chromatin, causing it to adopt a closed chromatin conformation, and transcription is repressed. Prior to the G1-S transition, phosphorylation of RB by CDKs dissociates the repressor complex. Transcription factors (TFs) gain access to their binding sites and, together with the now unmasked E2F activation domain. E2F is then free to activate transcription by contacting basal factors or by contacting histone acetyltransferases, such as CBP, that can alter chromatin structure[4].

 

The function of non-histone proteins is also regulated by HATs/HDACs. p53: HDAC1 impairs the function of p53. p53 is acetylated under conditions of stress or HDAC inhibition by its cofactor CREB binding protein (CBP) and the transcription of genes involved in differentiation is activated. HSP90: HSP90 is a chaperone that complexes with other chaperones, such as p23, to maintain correct conformational folding of its client proteins. HDAC6 deacetylates HSP90. Inhibition of HDAC6 would result in hyperacetylated HSP90, which would be unable to interact with its co-chaperones and properly lead to misfolded client proteins being targeted for degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system[5][6].
 

Reference:

[1]. Vega RB, et al. Protein kinases C and D mediate agonist-dependent cardiac hypertrophy through nuclear export of histone deacetylase 5.Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Oct;24(19):8374-85.
[2]. Shakespear MR, et al. Histone deacetylases as regulators of inflammation and immunity. Trends Immunol. 2011 Jul;32(7):335-43.
[3]. Suliman BA, et al. HDACi: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications in the innate immune system.Immunol Cell Biol. 2012 Jan;90(1):23-32. 
[4]. Brehm A, et al. Retinoblastoma protein meets chromatin.Trends Biochem Sci. 1999 Apr;24(4):142-5.
[5]. Butler R, et al. Histone deacetylase inhibitors as therapeutics for polyglutamine disorders.Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006 Oct;7(10):784-96
[6]. Minucci S, et al. Histone deacetylase inhibitors and the promise of epigenetic (and more) treatments for cancer.Nat Rev Cancer. 2006 Jan;6(1):38-51.

HDAC Isoform Comparison

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