2. Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel PI3K/Akt/mTOR
  3. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) ATP Synthase mTOR Endogenous Metabolite
  4. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid  (Synonyms: (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate; (R)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid; (R)-2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid)

製品番号: HY-113038 純度: 98.0%
COA 取扱説明書 Technical Support

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid ((R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a Ki of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling.

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CAS 番号 : 13095-47-1

容量 価格（税別） 在庫状況 数量
Oil + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 USD 143 在庫あり
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 143 在庫あり
Oil
10 mg $130 在庫あり
25 mg $234 在庫あり
50 mg $351 在庫あり
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カスタマーレビュー

Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid:

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid 関連抗体

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Dec 16;16(1):11420.  [Abstract]

    Early MSCs were treated with D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (2-HG) (5 mM) or vehicle control for 3 d, followed byimmunofluorescence assay to determine the 5hmC level, 2-HG treatment decreased the 5hmC level.

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Dec 16;16(1):11420.  [Abstract]

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium(2-HG; 5 mM; 1, 3, 5, 7 days) inhibited cell proliferation in MSCs.

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Dec 16;16(1):11420.  [Abstract]

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium(2-HG; 5 mM; 14 days) suppressed the differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes.

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Research Square Preprint. 2024 Mar 20.

    Early MSCs were treated with D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (2-HG) (5 mM) or vehicle control for 3 d, followed by dot-blot assay.

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    Endogenous Metabolite アイソフォーム固有の製品をすべて表示:

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    Human Endogenous Metabolite Microbial Metabolite

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    製品説明

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid ((R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate) is the principal metabolite accumulating in neurometabolic disease D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a weak competitive antagonist of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and inhibits multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases with a Ki of 10.87 mM. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid binds and inhibits ATP synthase and inhibits mTOR signaling[1][2][3][4][5].

    IC50 & Target

    Microbial Metabolite

     

    Human Endogenous Metabolite

     

    体外実験

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid ((R)-2-hydroxyglutarate) accumulates in human cancers carrying neomorphic mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 genes[1][2].
    A partial inhibition of KDM7A toward both H3K9me2 and H3K27me2 peptides is observed in the presence of 50 mM D-2-HG and 100 μM α-ketoglutarate (α-KG). Addition of 300 μM α-KG is capable of reversing the inhibition of Caenorhabditis elegans KDM7A (CeKDM7A) by 50 mM D-2-HG, indicating that D-2-HG is a weak competitive inhibitor against α-KG toward the CeKDM7A demethylase[1].
    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a weak inhibitor of TET hydroxylases. In the presence of 0.1 mM of α-KG, addition of 10 mM D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid results in a partial (33%) inhibition of TET2 and addition of 50 mM D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid results in more inhibition (83%) of TET2. D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid exhibits a less pronounced inhibitory effect toward TET1[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid 関連抗体
    体内実験

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid strongly inhibits glucose utilization, CO2 production and the respiratory chain in rat cerebral cortex and human skeletal muscle, as well as in submitochondrial particles from bovine heart, suggesting an impairment of the aerobic metabolism[5].
    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid has also been proposed as an endogenous excitotoxic organic acid because it significantly decreased cell viability in neuronal cultures from chick embryo telencephalons and from neonatal rat hippocampus through stimulation of specific NMDA glutamate receptors[5].
    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (0.01-1 mM) significantly increases chemiluminescence and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS) and decreased total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) values in the cortical supernatants in 30-day-old-rats[5].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    分子量

    148.11

    分子式

    C5H8O5
    CAS 番号
    Appearance

    Oil

    Color

    Colorless to light yellow

    SMILES

    O=C(O)[C@H](O)CCC(O)=O
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    輸送条件

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    保管条件
    Pure form -20°C 3 years
      4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
      -20°C 1 month
    溶剤 & 溶解度
    体外: 

    H2O : 200 mg/mL (1350.35 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (675.17 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 6.7517 mL 33.7587 mL 67.5174 mL
    5 mM 1.3503 mL 6.7517 mL 13.5035 mL
    10 mM 0.6752 mL 3.3759 mL 6.7517 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    一般には略語で表示されます：C1V1 = C2V2

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    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
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    純度とドキュメンテーション

    純度: 98.0%

    COA (245 KB) HNMR (198 KB) MS (70 KB)

    取扱説明書 (2659 KB)
    参考文献

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO / H2O 1 mM 6.7517 mL 33.7587 mL 67.5174 mL 168.7935 mL
    5 mM 1.3503 mL 6.7517 mL 13.5035 mL 33.7587 mL
    10 mM 0.6752 mL 3.3759 mL 6.7517 mL 16.8793 mL
    15 mM 0.4501 mL 2.2506 mL 4.5012 mL 11.2529 mL
    20 mM 0.3376 mL 1.6879 mL 3.3759 mL 8.4397 mL
    25 mM 0.2701 mL 1.3503 mL 2.7007 mL 6.7517 mL
    30 mM 0.2251 mL 1.1253 mL 2.2506 mL 5.6264 mL
    40 mM 0.1688 mL 0.8440 mL 1.6879 mL 4.2198 mL
    50 mM 0.1350 mL 0.6752 mL 1.3503 mL 3.3759 mL
    60 mM 0.1125 mL 0.5626 mL 1.1253 mL 2.8132 mL
    80 mM 0.0844 mL 0.4220 mL 0.8440 mL 2.1099 mL
    100 mM 0.0675 mL 0.3376 mL 0.6752 mL 1.6879 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid Related Classifications

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    一般には略語で表示されます：C1V1 = C2V2

    濃度 （開始） × 体積 （開始） = 濃度 （終了） × 体積 （終了）
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    Keywords:

    D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid13095-47-1(R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate (R)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid (R)-2-Hydroxypentanedioic acidReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)ATP SynthasemTOREndogenous MetaboliteMammalian target of RapamycinCeKDM7Aα-ketoglutarateH3K9me2H3K27me2competitorIDH1IDH25-methlycytosineexcitotoxicneurotoxicInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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