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Results for "

Anti-Inflammatory Treatment

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Akt (5) Amyloid-β (2) Antibiotic (5) Apoptosis (11) Autophagy (2) Bacterial (8) Calcium Channel (4) Chloride Channel (2) COX (13) Drug Derivative (5) Endogenous Metabolite (4) Fungal (3) GABA Receptor (3) Glucocorticoid Receptor (3) GLUT (2) GPR84 (1) HIV (1) iGluR (5) Interleukin Related (3) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (7) Leukotriene Receptor (2) Lipoxygenase (3) Mixed Lineage Kinase (1) MMP (5) nAChR (2) NF-κB (8) NO Synthase (4) Opioid Receptor (5) Parasite (1) Phosphodiesterase (PDE) (2) PI3K (5) Prostaglandin Receptor (1) PROTACs (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (2) Reference Standards (13) RIP kinase (1) SGLT (2) Sodium Channel (2) TNF Receptor (2)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (15) Cardiovascular Disease (6) Endocrinology (1) Infection (10) Inflammation/Immunology (50) Metabolic Disease (5) Neurological Disease (10)

By Targets:

Akt (5)

Amyloid-β (2)

Antibiotic (5)

Apoptosis (11)

Autophagy (2)

Bacterial (8)

Calcium Channel (4)

Chloride Channel (2)

COX (13)

Drug Derivative (5)

Endogenous Metabolite (4)

Fungal (3)

GABA Receptor (3)

Glucocorticoid Receptor (3)

GLUT (2)

GPR84 (1)

HIV (1)

iGluR (5)

Interleukin Related (3)

Isotope-Labeled Compounds (7)

Leukotriene Receptor (2)

Lipoxygenase (3)

Mixed Lineage Kinase (1)

MMP (5)

nAChR (2)

NF-κB (8)

NO Synthase (4)

Opioid Receptor (5)

Parasite (1)

Phosphodiesterase (PDE) (2)

PI3K (5)

Prostaglandin Receptor (1)

PROTACs (1)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (2)

Reference Standards (13)

RIP kinase (1)

SGLT (2)

Sodium Channel (2)

TNF Receptor (2)

By Research Areas:

Cancer (15)

Cardiovascular Disease (6)

Endocrinology (1)

Infection (10)

Inflammation/Immunology (50)

Metabolic Disease (5)

Neurological Disease (10)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-N0142

Phloretin Maximum Cited Publications 24 Publications Verification NSC 407292; RJC 02792	SGLT Endogenous Metabolite GLUT	Metabolic Disease Cancer
Phloretin (NSC 407292; RJC 02792) is a flavonoid extracted from Malus pumila Mill.，has anti-inflammatory activities. Phloridzin is a specific，competitive and orally active inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporters in the intestine (SGLT1) and kidney (SGLT2). Phloretin inhibits Yeast-made GLUT1 as well as Human erythrocyte GLUT1 with IC₅₀values of 49 μM and 61 μM，respectively .Phloretin has the potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and allergic airway inflammation .

HY-135303

GLPG1205 5+ Cited Publications	GPR84	Inflammation/Immunology
GLPG1205 is potent, selective and orally active GPR84 (a G-protein-coupled receptor) antagonist with a favorable PK/PD profile. GLPG1205 has anti-inflammatory activity and is used for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis . GLPG1205 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.

HY-N0794

Proanthocyanidins 4 Publications Verification	Bacterial Fungal	Infection Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Proanthocyanidin (Procyanidin) are a class of polyphenolic that are widely distributed in higher plants, consisted of an electrophilic flavanyl unit. Proanthocyanidin can be used as antioxidant and anti-cancers agent. Proanthocyanidin also exhibit anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antibacterial and antifungal properties, which can be used in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, capillary fragility, sunburn and retinopathy. .

HY-A0203A

Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium (W/W 43%) 2 Publications Verification	HIV	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium is an orally bioavailable, semi-synthetic medication with anti-inflammatory and pro-chondrogenic properties. Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium also is a potent and selective anti-HIV agent. Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium is used for the treatment of interstitial cystitis .

HY-B1452

Licofelone 1 Publications Verification ML-3000	COX Lipoxygenase Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Licofelone (ML-3000) is a dual COX/5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor (IC₅₀=0.21/0.18 μM, respectively) for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Licofelone exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. Licofelone induces apoptosis, and decreases the production of proinflammatory leukotrienes and prostaglandins .

HY-B0905

Tilmicosin 5 Publications Verification LY-177370; EL-870	Bacterial Antibiotic Apoptosis Calcium Channel	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Tilmicosin (LY-177370) is an orally active calcium channel antagonist and macrolide antibiotic with antimicrobial activity. Tilmicosin mainly acts on the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis. Tilmicosin is effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases in livestock such as cattle, sheep and pigs. In addition, Tilmicosin has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects .

HY-N6985

Baccatin III 2 Publications Verification	Others	Cancer
Baccatin III is an orally available, selective inhibitor of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) activation. Baccatin III targets the AKT/STAT6 and Smad2/3 pathways, blocking TGF-β1-induced fibroblast differentiation and MDSC-mediated immunosuppression. Baccatin III exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects by inhibiting macrophage activation and extracellular matrix deposition, and shows potential in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis and cancer in terms of regulating the tumor immune microenvironment .

HY-90003

Tianeptine 1 Publications Verification	Opioid Receptor iGluR MMP PI3K Akt NF-κB	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Tianeptine is an atypical antidepressant. Tianeptine is a moderate-intensity agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and to a lesser extent, is an agonist of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). Tianeptine is a glutamate modulator that can enhance AMPA receptor and antagonize NMDA receptor. tianeptine increases sensitivity of the α1 adrenergic receptor, which only manifests in chronic treatment. Tianeptine exerts neuroprotective effects under stress/inflammation-induced conditions, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Tianeptine inhibits MMP-9 by suppressing the PI3K/Akt-mediated NF-κB pathway. Tianeptine can be used to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, but does not cause sedative effects .

HY-W040672

Ibufenac Dytransin	COX	Inflammation/Immunology
Ibufenac (Dytransin) is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Ibufenac exerts anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. Ibufenac is being studied for the treatment of rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis .

HY-B0905A

Tilmicosin phosphate 5 Publications Verification LY-177370 phosphate; EL-870 phosphate	Bacterial Antibiotic Apoptosis NO Synthase COX	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Tilmicosin (LY-177370) phosphate is an orally active calcium channel antagonist and macrolide antibiotic with antimicrobial activity. Tilmicosin phosphate mainly acts on the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis. Tilmicosin phosphate is effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases in livestock such as cattle, sheep and pigs. In addition, Tilmicosin phosphate has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects .

HY-B0485

Fluocinonide	Glucocorticoid Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology
Fluocinonide (Vanos) is a potent glucocorticoid steroid used topically as anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of skin disorders.

HY-B2191

Sodium gualenate Guaiazulenesulfonate sodium	Drug Derivative	Inflammation/Immunology
Sodium gualenate (Guaiazulenesulfonate sodium) is a hydrophilic derivative of guaiazulene with excellent anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects mainly used for the treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and gastritis.

HY-N2080

Songorine	GABA Receptor	Neurological Disease Cancer
Songorine is a BBB-permeable diterpenoid alkaloid isolated from the genus Aconitum. Songorine is a GABAA receptor antagonist in rat brain and has anti cancer, antiarrhythmic and anti-inflammatory activities. Songorine has the potential for the treatment of Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) .

HY-B0727

Betamethasone valerate 1 Publications Verification Betamethasone 17-valerate	Glucocorticoid Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
Betamethasone valerate (Betamethasone 17-valerate), the 17-valerate ester of Betamethasone, is a topical corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory activity. Betamethasone valerate is used in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Betamethasone valerate inhibits the binding of the radiolabeled glucocorticoid dexamethasone ( ³H dexamethasone) to human epidermis and mouse skin with IC₅₀s of 5 and 6 nM, respectively .

HY-B1671

(+)-Kavain	GABA Receptor Sodium Channel Calcium Channel	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
(+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone that can be extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na ⁺ and Ca ²⁺ channels . (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABA_A receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy . (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied .

HY-106579

Tiaprofenic acid 1 Publications Verification	COX	Inflammation/Immunology
Tiaprofenic acid is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory and analgesic potency. Tiaprofenic acid inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by suppressing cyclo-oxygenase (COX). Tiaprofenic acid can be used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases .

HY-90003A

Tianeptine sodium salt 1 Publications Verification	Opioid Receptor iGluR MMP PI3K Akt NF-κB	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Tianeptine sodium salt is an atypical antidepressant. Tianeptine sodium salt is a moderate-intensity agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and to a lesser extent, is an agonist of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). Tianeptine sodium salt is a glutamate modulator that can enhance AMPA receptor and antagonize NMDA receptor. Tianeptine sodium salt increases sensitivity of the α1 adrenergic receptor, which only manifests in chronic treatment. Tianeptine sodium salt exerts neuroprotective effects under stress/inflammation-induced conditions, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Tianeptine sodium salt inhibits MMP-9 by suppressing the PI3K/Akt-mediated NF-κB pathway. Tianeptine sodium salt can be used to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, but does not cause sedative effects .

HY-N6884

Bixin 2 Publications Verification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Bixin is an orally active carotenoid found in the seeds of Bixa orellana. Bixin induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Bixin possessing anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-oxidant activities. Bixin treatment ameliorated cardiac dysfunction through inhibiting fibrosis, inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation .

HY-177119

ZBP1 Covalent PROTAC-1	PROTACs RIP kinase Mixed Lineage Kinase	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
ZBP1 Covalent PROTAC-1 is a covalent Z-DNA binding protein 1 ZBP1 PROTAC degrader, with its DC₅₀ being 25.69 nM. ZBP1 Covalent PROTAC-1 integrates the ligand that recruits the VHL E3 ubiquitin ligase and the DNA aptamer (Aptamer Z3) with the specific Zα domain that can bind to ZBP1, which has a high affinity (K_D = 2.71 nM) with ZBP1. After degrading ZBP1, the phosphorylation levels of downstream signaling molecules RIPK3 and MLKL significantly decrease. ZBP1 Covalent PROTAC-1, encapsulated by nano-liposomes, significantly improves the survival rate of mice infected with influenza A virus (IAV) after administration via the trachea .

HY-14938

Tipelukast KCA 757; MN 001	Leukotriene Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
Tipelukast (KCA 757) is a sulfidopeptide leukotriene receptor antagonist, an orally bioavailable anti-inflammatory agent and used for the treatment of asthma.

HY-B2191R

Sodium gualenate (Standard) Guaiazulenesulfonate sodium (Standard)	Drug Derivative Reference Standards	Inflammation/Immunology
Sodium gualenate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sodium gualenate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sodium gualenate (Guaiazulenesulfonate sodium) is a hydrophilic derivative of guaiazulene with excellent anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects mainly used for the treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and gastritis.

HY-B0493S1

Niflumic acid-13C6	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Chloride Channel	Inflammation/Immunology
Niflumic acid- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C₆ labeled Niflumic acid. Niflumic acid, a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel blocker, is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

HY-N6993

25-O-Methylalisol A	Others	Metabolic Disease
25-O-Methylalisol A is a protostane triterpenoids isolated from Alisma orientale. The dried rhizomes of the aquatic plant Alisma orientale known as Rhizoma Alismatis is a common traditional Chinese medicine used for diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and hypolipidemic purposes, as well as the treatment of diabetes .

HY-121955

FW1256 1 Publications Verification	NF-κB Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
FW1256 is a phenyl analogue and a slow-releasing hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) donor. FW1256 inhibits NF-κB activity and induces cell apoptosis. FW1256 exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects and has the potential for cancer and cardiovascular disease treatment .

HY-N6927

Isoforskolin Coleonol B	TNF Receptor Interleukin Related	Inflammation/Immunology
Isoforskolin is the principle active component of C. forskohlii native to China. Isoforskolin reduces the secretion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokines, namely TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, in human mononuclear leukocytes. Isoforskolin acts as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of Lyme arthritis .

HY-N2478

Taraxasteryl acetate	Autophagy Parasite	Inflammation/Immunology
Taraxasteryl acetate is isolated from P. sagittalis,and has a broad spectrum of *anti-inflammatory* activity. Taraxasterol acetate promotes RNF31 degradation by activating autophagy. Taraxasteryl acetate relieves dextran, zymosan and arachidonic acid induced rat hind-paw edema. Taraxasteryl acetate can be used for the topical inflammation treatment ^{[1] ^{^{[2] ^.}}}

HY-B0905R

Tilmicosin (Standard) LY-177370 (Standard); EL-870 (Standard)	Reference Standards Bacterial Antibiotic Apoptosis Calcium Channel	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Tilmicosin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tilmicosin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tilmicosin (LY-177370) is an orally active calcium channel antagonist and macrolide antibiotic with antimicrobial activity. Tilmicosin mainly acts on the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis. Tilmicosin is effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases in livestock such as cattle, sheep and pigs. In addition, Tilmicosin has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects .

HY-N0142R

Phloretin (Standard) Maximum Cited Publications 24 Publications Verification NSC 407292 (Standard); RJC 02792 (Standard)	Reference Standards SGLT Endogenous Metabolite GLUT	Metabolic Disease Cancer
Phloretin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phloretin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phloretin (NSC 407292; RJC 02792) is a flavonoid extracted from Malus pumila Mill., has anti-inflammatory activities. Phloridzin is a specific, competitive and orally active inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporters in the intestine (SGLT1) and kidney (SGLT2). Phloretin inhibits Yeast-made GLUT1 as well as Human erythrocyte GLUT1 with IC₅₀values of 49 μM and 61 μM, respectively .Phloretin has the potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and allergic airway inflammation .

HY-W017428

4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde P-Ethyoxybenzaldehyde	Interleukin Related Prostaglandin Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde (P-Ethyoxybenzaldehyde) is a derivative of benzaldehyde. 4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde can significantly inhibit the production of key inflammatory factors such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), IL-6, and IL-8 induced by ultraviolet radiation (UVR). 4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde shows significant efficacy and good safety in reducing facial redness when added to an oil-in-water emulsion at a concentration of 1%. 4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde can be used in the study of chronic inflammatory skin diseases .

HY-B2191A

Sodium gualenate hydrate Guaiazulenesulfonate sodium hydrate	Drug Derivative	Inflammation/Immunology
Sodium gualenate hydrate (Guaiazulenesulfonate sodium hydrate) is a derivative of guaiazulene with excellent anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects mainly used for the treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and gastritis .

HY-19672

Lirimilast BAY 19-8004	Phosphodiesterase (PDE)	Inflammation/Immunology
Lirimilast (BAY 19-8004) is a potent, selective and orally active phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 49 nM. Lirimilast can be used for the treatment of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lirimilast has potently anti-inflammatory properties .

HY-N6884R

Bixin (Standard)	Reference Standards Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Bixin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bixin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications.Bixin is an orally active carotenoid found in the seeds of Bixa orellana. Bixin induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Bixin possessing anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-oxidant activities. Bixin treatment ameliorated cardiac dysfunction through inhibiting fibrosis, inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.

HY-B0905S

Tilmicosin-d3 LY-177370-d₃; EL-870-d₃	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Bacterial Antibiotic Apoptosis NO Synthase COX	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Tilmicosin-d3 is the deuterium labeled Tilmicosin. Tilmicosin (LY-177370) is an orally active calcium channel antagonist and macrolide antibiotic with antimicrobial activity. Tilmicosin mainly acts on the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis. Tilmicosin is effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases in livestock such as cattle, sheep and pigs. In addition, Tilmicosin has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects .

HY-19918A

Anatabine dicitrate 1 Publications Verification	NF-κB Amyloid-β nAChR	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Anatabine dicitrate is a tobacco alkaloid that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Anatabine dicitrate is a potent α4β2 nAChR agonist. Anatabine dicitrate inhibits NF-κB activation lower amyloid-β (Aβ) production by preventing the β-cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Anatabine dicitrate has anti-inflammatory effects and has the potential for neurodegenerative disorders treatment .

HY-B1452R

Licofelone (Standard) ML-3000 (Standard)	COX Lipoxygenase Apoptosis Reference Standards	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Licofelone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Licofelone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Licofelone (ML-3000) is a dual COX/5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor (IC50=0.21/0.18 μM, respectively) for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Licofelone exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. Licofelone induces apoptosis, and decreases the production of proinflammatory leukotrienes and prostaglandins .

HY-N4145

Procyanidin A3 Cinnamtannin A3; Cinnamtannin II	Drug Derivative Bacterial Fungal	Infection Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Procyanidin A3 (Cinnamtannin A3; Cinnamtannin II) is a sub class of Proanthocyanidins (HY-N0794). Proanthocyanidin are a class of polyphenolic that are widely distributed in higher plants, consisted of an electrophilic flavanyl unit. Proanthocyanidin can be used as antioxidant and anti-cancer agent. Proanthocyanidin also exhibit anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antibacterial and antifungal properties, which can be used in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, capillary fragility, sunburn and retinopathy .

HY-90003S

Tianeptine-d12	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Opioid Receptor iGluR MMP PI3K Akt NF-κB	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Tianeptine-d₁₂ is a deuterated analog of Tianeptine (HY-90003).Tianeptine is an atypical antidepressant. Tianeptine is a moderate-intensity agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and to a lesser extent, is an agonist of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). Tianeptine is a glutamate modulator that can enhance AMPA receptor and antagonize NMDA receptor. Tianeptine increases sensitivity of the α1 adrenergic receptor, which only manifests in chronic treatment. Tianeptine exerts neuroprotective effects under stress/inflammation-induced conditions, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Tianeptine inhibits MMP-9 by suppressing the PI3K/Akt-mediated NF-κB pathway. Tianeptine can be used to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, but does not cause sedative effects.

HY-90003AR

Tianeptine sodium salt (Standard)	Reference Standards Opioid Receptor iGluR MMP PI3K Akt NF-κB	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Tianeptine sodium salt (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tianeptine sodium salt (HY-90003A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tianeptine sodium salt is an atypical antidepressant. Tianeptine sodium salt is a moderate-intensity agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and to a lesser extent, is an agonist of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). Tianeptine sodium salt is a glutamate modulator that can enhance AMPA receptor and antagonize NMDA receptor. Tianeptine sodium salt increases sensitivity of the α1 adrenergic receptor, which only manifests in chronic treatment. Tianeptine sodium salt exerts neuroprotective effects under stress/inflammation-induced conditions, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Tianeptine sodium salt inhibits MMP-9 by suppressing the PI3K/Akt-mediated NF-κB pathway. Tianeptine sodium salt can be used to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, but does not cause sedative effects.

HY-117518

Paranyline	Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
Paranyline is a novel anti-inflammatory treatment specifically designed for arthritis.

HY-W040672R

Ibufenac (Standard) Dytransin (Standard)	Reference Standards COX	Inflammation/Immunology
Ibufenac (Dytransin) is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Ibufenac exerts anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. Ibufenac is being studied for the treatment of rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis .

HY-U00187

NCX1022	NO Synthase	Inflammation/Immunology
NCX1022 is an NO-releasing derivative of Hydrocortisone, which is the most widely used anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of skin inflammation.

HY-106579R

Tiaprofenic acid (Standard)	Reference Standards COX	Inflammation/Immunology
Tiaprofenic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tiaprofenic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tiaprofenic acid is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory and analgesic potency. Tiaprofenic acid inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by suppressing cyclo-oxygenase (COX). Tiaprofenic acid can be used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases .

HY-106579S

Tiaprofenic acid-d3	COX	Inflammation/Immunology
Tiaprofenic acid-d₃ is a deuterium labeled Tiaprofenic acid. Tiaprofenic acid is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) mainly used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases .

HY-118408

D-4418	Phosphodiesterase (PDE)	Inflammation/Immunology
D-4418 serves as a PDE4 inhibitor and is under development as a new anti-inflammatory treatment, primarily targeting asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

HY-W744275

Tipelukast-d6	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Leukotriene Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
Tipelukast-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Tipelukast (HY-14938). Tipelukast (KCA 757) is a sulfidopeptide leukotriene receptor antagonist, an orally bioavailable anti-inflammatory agent and used for the treatment of asthma.

HY-W756637

Ibufenac-13C6 Dytransin-¹³C₆	Isotope-Labeled Compounds COX	Inflammation/Immunology
Ibufenac-13C6 (Dytransin-13C6) is the 13C-labeled Ibufenac (HY-W040672). Ibufenac (Dytransin) is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Ibufenac exerts anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. Ibufenac is being studied for the treatment of rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis .

HY-B0493S

Niflumic Acid-d5	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Chloride Channel	Inflammation/Immunology
Niflumic Acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Niflumic acid. Niflumic acid, a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel blocker, is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis .

HY-167734

Pemedolac AY-30715	COX	Inflammation/Immunology
Pemedolac (AY-30715) is a potent analgesic with significant pain-relief efficacy against chemically induced and inflammatory pain in animal models. Pemedolac displays a notable separation between analgesic effects and anti-inflammatory activity, achieving effective pain relief at much lower doses than those required for anti-inflammatory or gastric irritant effects. Pemedolac also shows low ulcerogenic potential, indicating a safer profile compared to standard NSAIDs while being utilized for the treatment of neurological, skin, and musculoskeletal disorders.

HY-13956A

(R)-Pioglitazone-d1 (R)-U 72107-d₁	Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
(R)-Pioglitazone-d1 ((R)-U 72107-d1) is a stabilized and deuterated R-enantiomer of pioglitazone, exhibiting pharmacological properties that are beneficial for NASH treatment, including modulation of mitochondrial function, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory effects, and glucose-lowering capabilities.

HY-N2478R

Taraxasteryl acetate (Standard)	Autophagy Reference Standards	Inflammation/Immunology
Taraxasteryl acetate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taraxasteryl acetate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taraxasteryl acetate is isolated from P. sagittalis,and has a broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory activity. Taraxasterol acetate promotes RNF31 degradation by activating autophagy. Taraxasteryl acetate relieves dextran, zymosan and arachidonic acid induced rat hind-paw edema. Taraxasteryl acetate can be used for the topical inflammation treatment .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L218

Animal Drug Library

167 compounds

Animal drug (also veterinary drug) refers to a drug intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in animals. Animal Drugs @ FDA is a searchable online database that includes most FDA-approved and conditionally approved animal drugs. The major classes of veterinary drugs include antibiotics, anthelmintics, coccidiostats, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sedatives, corticosteroids, beta-agonists, and anabolic hormones.

MCE has collected 167 FDA-approved veterinary drug compounds for use in scientific research.

HY-L194

Heat-Clearing and Detoxification Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound Library

1,272 compounds

Heat-clearing and detoxification is a specific treatment method in the research of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is clinically used to treat infectious diseases with remarkable effect. Over the past decades, the research of heat-clearing and detoxification treatment has been one of the most active fields of combining traditional Chinese and western medicines, and has made remarkable achievements. Nowadays, the application field of heat-clearing and detoxification traditional Chinese medicine is not only limited to antibacterial and antiviral, but also has made progress in the research fields of anti-inflammatory reaction, anti-endotoxin, anti-peroxidative damage, anti-inflammatory cytokines, enhancement of immune function, protection of cellular organelles, and maintenance of calcium homeostasis. In addition to this, clearing heat and removing toxins has also made significant research progress in non-infectious diseases, for example, in tumors, cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases, blood diseases, geriatrics, and diabetes, all of which have shown good curative effect.

MCE can supply 1,272 monomer component from more than a hundred sources of heat-clearing and detoxification TCM, which can be used in TCM studies, drug development and mechanism-based studies.

HY-L139

Pain-Related Compound Library

3,344 compounds

Pain is a kind of distressing feeling caused by the stimulation of tissue damage. According to the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), pain is defined as ”An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage”.

Pain is usually classified according to its location, duration, underlying causes, and intensity. For example, acute and chronic pain, muscle pain, and nerve pain. Pain is the main symptom of most diseases, which seriously affects the quality of life and body function of patients. In the medical treatment of pain, anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid analgesic agents have traditionally been used, but the side effects are serious. In recent years, targeted drugs targeting the ERK/MAPK pathway or other targets have gradually become a research hotspot.

MCE supplies a unique collection of 3,344 compounds targeting key proteins in the pain system. MCE Pain-Related Compound Library is a useful tool for pain related research and anti-pain drug development.

HY-L924

Boronic acid/boronic ester fragment library

1,488 compounds

Boronic acid and boronic ester represent a relatively novel and promising chemical structure in drug design. Boronic acid exists in an sp²-hybridized state, possessing an empty p-orbital that can act as a Lewis acid to accept lone pairs from heteroatoms (O, N, or S). This Lewis acidity enables it to form reversible covalent bonds with amino acid residues such as lysine, serine, threonine, and histidine. Currently, five FDA-approved drugs containing boronic acid or boronic ester predominantly involve such covalent binding mechanisms in their interactions with target proteins. Furthermore, boronic acid can serve as a bioisostere for carboxylic acids, phosphates, and phenolic groups, utilized to improve pharmacokinetic properties and enhance drug efficacy.

To date, five boron-containing drugs have been approved by the FDA. The unique properties of boronic acids and boronic esters confer significant potential in drug design, with applications spanning cancer therapy (e.g., multiple myeloma), anti-infectives (e.g., fungal infections, tuberculosis), anti-inflammatory treatments (e.g., atopic dermatitis), antibacterial agents (e.g., carbapenem-resistant bacterial infections), and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-responsive prodrugs, among others. The MCE Boronic Acid/Boronic Ester Fragment Library, which contains 1,488 compounds, serves as a valuable tool for the development of boron-containing drugs.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-N0142

Phloretin Maximum Cited Publications 24 Publications Verification NSC 407292; RJC 02792	Classification of Application Fields Rosaceae Plants Dihydrochalcones Endogenous metabolite Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Flavonoids Microorganisms Malus pumila Mill. Phenols Polyphenols Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	SGLT Endogenous Metabolite GLUT
Phloretin (NSC 407292; RJC 02792) is a flavonoid extracted from Malus pumila Mill.，has anti-inflammatory activities. Phloridzin is a specific，competitive and orally active inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporters in the intestine (SGLT1) and kidney (SGLT2). Phloretin inhibits Yeast-made GLUT1 as well as Human erythrocyte GLUT1 with IC₅₀values of 49 μM and 61 μM，respectively .Phloretin has the potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and allergic airway inflammation .

HY-N0794

Proanthocyanidins 4 Publications Verification	Cardiovascular Disease Classification of Application Fields Plants Infection Flavonoids other families Functional Molecules Research of Health Products Phenols Polyphenols Biflavones Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Bacterial Fungal
Proanthocyanidin (Procyanidin) are a class of polyphenolic that are widely distributed in higher plants, consisted of an electrophilic flavanyl unit. Proanthocyanidin can be used as antioxidant and anti-cancers agent. Proanthocyanidin also exhibit anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antibacterial and antifungal properties, which can be used in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, capillary fragility, sunburn and retinopathy. .

HY-N6985

Baccatin III 2 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Taxaceae Diterpenoids Plants Disease Research Fields Taxus chinensis (Pilger) Rehd. Source Classification Cancer	Others
Baccatin III is an orally available, selective inhibitor of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) activation. Baccatin III targets the AKT/STAT6 and Smad2/3 pathways, blocking TGF-β1-induced fibroblast differentiation and MDSC-mediated immunosuppression. Baccatin III exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects by inhibiting macrophage activation and extracellular matrix deposition, and shows potential in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis and cancer in terms of regulating the tumor immune microenvironment .

HY-N2080

Songorine	Alkaloids Structural Classification Aconitum soongaricum Stapf Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Ranunculaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	GABA Receptor
Songorine is a BBB-permeable diterpenoid alkaloid isolated from the genus Aconitum. Songorine is a GABAA receptor antagonist in rat brain and has anti cancer, antiarrhythmic and anti-inflammatory activities. Songorine has the potential for the treatment of Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) .

HY-B1671

(+)-Kavain	Structural Classification Other Phenylpropanoids Piper methysticum G.Forst. Piperaceae Phenylpropanoids Plants Source Classification	GABA Receptor Sodium Channel Calcium Channel
(+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone that can be extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na ⁺ and Ca ²⁺ channels . (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABA_A receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy . (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied .

HY-N6884

Bixin 2 Publications Verification	Bixaceae Bixa orellana Linn. Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Pigments Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer Food Research	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis
Bixin is an orally active carotenoid found in the seeds of Bixa orellana. Bixin induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Bixin possessing anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-oxidant activities. Bixin treatment ameliorated cardiac dysfunction through inhibiting fibrosis, inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation .

HY-N6993

25-O-Methylalisol A	Triterpenes Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn. Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Metabolic Disease Plants Alismataceae Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Others
25-O-Methylalisol A is a protostane triterpenoids isolated from Alisma orientale. The dried rhizomes of the aquatic plant Alisma orientale known as Rhizoma Alismatis is a common traditional Chinese medicine used for diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and hypolipidemic purposes, as well as the treatment of diabetes .

HY-N6927

Isoforskolin Coleonol B	Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Labiatae Diterpenoids Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. Source Classification	TNF Receptor Interleukin Related
Isoforskolin is the principle active component of C. forskohlii native to China. Isoforskolin reduces the secretion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokines, namely TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, in human mononuclear leukocytes. Isoforskolin acts as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of Lyme arthritis .

HY-N2478

Taraxasteryl acetate	Triterpenes Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Astragalus oleifolius DC. Plants Compositae Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Autophagy Parasite
Taraxasteryl acetate is isolated from P. sagittalis,and has a broad spectrum of *anti-inflammatory* activity. Taraxasterol acetate promotes RNF31 degradation by activating autophagy. Taraxasteryl acetate relieves dextran, zymosan and arachidonic acid induced rat hind-paw edema. Taraxasteryl acetate can be used for the topical inflammation treatment ^{[1] ^{^{[2] ^.}}}

HY-N0142R

Phloretin (Standard) Maximum Cited Publications 24 Publications Verification NSC 407292 (Standard); RJC 02792 (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Malus pumila Mill. Rosaceae Phenols Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Reference Standards SGLT Endogenous Metabolite GLUT
Phloretin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phloretin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phloretin (NSC 407292; RJC 02792) is a flavonoid extracted from Malus pumila Mill., has anti-inflammatory activities. Phloridzin is a specific, competitive and orally active inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporters in the intestine (SGLT1) and kidney (SGLT2). Phloretin inhibits Yeast-made GLUT1 as well as Human erythrocyte GLUT1 with IC₅₀values of 49 μM and 61 μM, respectively .Phloretin has the potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and allergic airway inflammation .

HY-W017428

4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde P-Ethyoxybenzaldehyde	Structural Classification Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Scrophulariaceae Plants Source Classification	Interleukin Related Prostaglandin Receptor
4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde (P-Ethyoxybenzaldehyde) is a derivative of benzaldehyde. 4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde can significantly inhibit the production of key inflammatory factors such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), IL-6, and IL-8 induced by ultraviolet radiation (UVR). 4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde shows significant efficacy and good safety in reducing facial redness when added to an oil-in-water emulsion at a concentration of 1%. 4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde can be used in the study of chronic inflammatory skin diseases .

HY-N6884R

Bixin (Standard)	Bixaceae Bixa orellana Linn. Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Source Classification	Reference Standards Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis
Bixin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bixin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications.Bixin is an orally active carotenoid found in the seeds of Bixa orellana. Bixin induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Bixin possessing anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-oxidant activities. Bixin treatment ameliorated cardiac dysfunction through inhibiting fibrosis, inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.

HY-N4145

Procyanidin A3 Cinnamtannin A3; Cinnamtannin II	Structural Classification Cinnamomum cassia (L.) D. Don Phenols Polyphenols Plants Lauraceae Source Classification	Drug Derivative Bacterial Fungal
Procyanidin A3 (Cinnamtannin A3; Cinnamtannin II) is a sub class of Proanthocyanidins (HY-N0794). Proanthocyanidin are a class of polyphenolic that are widely distributed in higher plants, consisted of an electrophilic flavanyl unit. Proanthocyanidin can be used as antioxidant and anti-cancer agent. Proanthocyanidin also exhibit anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antibacterial and antifungal properties, which can be used in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, capillary fragility, sunburn and retinopathy .

HY-N2478R

Taraxasteryl acetate (Standard)	Triterpenes Structural Classification Terpenoids Astragalus oleifolius DC. Plants Compositae Source Classification	Autophagy Reference Standards
Taraxasteryl acetate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taraxasteryl acetate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taraxasteryl acetate is isolated from P. sagittalis,and has a broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory activity. Taraxasterol acetate promotes RNF31 degradation by activating autophagy. Taraxasteryl acetate relieves dextran, zymosan and arachidonic acid induced rat hind-paw edema. Taraxasteryl acetate can be used for the topical inflammation treatment .

HY-N6927R

Isoforskolin (Standard) Coleonol B (Standard)	Structural Classification Terpenoids Labiatae Diterpenoids Plants Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. Source Classification	Reference Standards TNF Receptor Interleukin Related
Isoforskolin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isoforskolin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isoforskolin is the principle active component of C. forskohlii native to China. Isoforskolin reduces the secretion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokines, namely TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, in human mononuclear leukocytes. Isoforskolin acts as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of Lyme arthritis .

HY-N16480

Lindetannin Lindetannin trimer	Structural Classification Phenols Polyphenols Plants Lauraceae Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm. Source Classification	Drug Derivative Bacterial Fungal
Lindetannin (Lindetannin trimer) is an A-type trimer of proanthocyanidin (HY-N0794) found in the bark of Cinnamomum trees. Proanthocyanidin are a class of polyphenolic that are widely distributed in higher plants, consisted of an electrophilic flavanyl unit. Proanthocyanidin can be used as antioxidant and anti-cancer agent. Proanthocyanidin also exhibit anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antibacterial and antifungal properties, which can be used in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, capillary fragility, sunburn and retinopathy .

HY-B1671R

(+)-Kavain (Standard)	Structural Classification Other Phenylpropanoids Piper methysticum G.Forst. Piperaceae Phenylpropanoids Plants Source Classification	Reference Standards GABA Receptor Sodium Channel Calcium Channel
(+)-Kavain (Standard) is the analytical standard of (+)-Kavain. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels . (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy . (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied .

HY-126563

Phyllospadine	Structural Classification Alkaloids Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino other families Other Alkaloids Plants Source Classification	Others
Phyllospadine (Compound I) is a flavonoidal alkaloid found in the sea-grass Phyllospadix iwatensis. Flavonoids constitute a class of plant secondary metabolites characterized by a polyphenolic structure; they possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and anti-carcinogenic properties, as well as the capacity to modulate the functions of key cellular enzymes, finding application in the treatment of diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and atherosclerosis .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B0493S1

Niflumic acid-13C6
Niflumic acid- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C₆ labeled Niflumic acid. Niflumic acid, a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel blocker, is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

HY-B0905S

Tilmicosin-d3

Tilmicosin-d3 is the deuterium labeled Tilmicosin. Tilmicosin (LY-177370) is an orally active calcium channel antagonist and macrolide antibiotic with antimicrobial activity. Tilmicosin mainly acts on the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis. Tilmicosin is effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases in livestock such as cattle, sheep and pigs. In addition, Tilmicosin has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects .

HY-90003S

Tianeptine-d12

Tianeptine-d₁₂ is a deuterated analog of Tianeptine (HY-90003).Tianeptine is an atypical antidepressant. Tianeptine is a moderate-intensity agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and to a lesser extent, is an agonist of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). Tianeptine is a glutamate modulator that can enhance AMPA receptor and antagonize NMDA receptor. Tianeptine increases sensitivity of the α1 adrenergic receptor, which only manifests in chronic treatment. Tianeptine exerts neuroprotective effects under stress/inflammation-induced conditions, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Tianeptine inhibits MMP-9 by suppressing the PI3K/Akt-mediated NF-κB pathway. Tianeptine can be used to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, but does not cause sedative effects.

HY-106579S

Tiaprofenic acid-d3
Tiaprofenic acid-d₃ is a deuterium labeled Tiaprofenic acid. Tiaprofenic acid is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) mainly used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases .

HY-W744275

Tipelukast-d6
Tipelukast-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Tipelukast (HY-14938). Tipelukast (KCA 757) is a sulfidopeptide leukotriene receptor antagonist, an orally bioavailable anti-inflammatory agent and used for the treatment of asthma.

HY-W756637

Ibufenac-13C6
Ibufenac-13C6 (Dytransin-13C6) is the 13C-labeled Ibufenac (HY-W040672). Ibufenac (Dytransin) is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Ibufenac exerts anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. Ibufenac is being studied for the treatment of rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis .

HY-B0493S

Niflumic Acid-d5
Niflumic Acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Niflumic acid. Niflumic acid, a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel blocker, is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis .

HY-13956A

(R)-Pioglitazone-d1
(R)-Pioglitazone-d1 ((R)-U 72107-d1) is a stabilized and deuterated R-enantiomer of pioglitazone, exhibiting pharmacological properties that are beneficial for NASH treatment, including modulation of mitochondrial function, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory effects, and glucose-lowering capabilities.

HY-B1452S1

Licofelone-d6
Licofelone-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Licofelone . Licofelone (ML-3000) is a dual COX/5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor (IC₅₀=0.21/0.18 μM, respectively) for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Licofelone exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. Licofelone induces apoptosis, and decreases the production of proinflammatory leukotrienes and prostaglandins .

HY-144224S

Tianeptine-d6 hydrochloride

Tianeptine-d₆ hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Tianeptine hydrochloride. Tianeptine hydrochloride is an atypical antidepressant. Tianeptine hydrochloride is a moderate-intensity agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and to a lesser extent, is an agonist of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). Tianeptine hydrochloride is a glutamate modulator that can enhance AMPA receptor and antagonize NMDA receptor. Tianeptine hydrochloride increases sensitivity of the α1 adrenergic receptor, which only manifests in chronic treatment. Tianeptine hydrochloride exerts neuroprotective effects under stress/inflammation-induced conditions, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Tianeptine hydrochloride inhibits MMP-9 by suppressing the PI3K/Akt-mediated NF-κB pathway. Tianeptine hydrochloride can be used to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, but does not cause sedative effects.

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