Cat. No.: HY-N0215

L-Phenylalanine

(Synonyms: (S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid)

9 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 9 publication(s) in Google Scholar

L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca⁺ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (K_B of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.98%
CAS No.: 63-91-2
Formula: C₉H₁₁NO₂
Molecular Weight:165.19

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

L-Phenylalanine Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 63-91-2

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (9)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Microbial Metabolite

NMDA Receptor

Human Endogenous Metabolite

All Calcium Channel Isoforms :

All iGluR Isoforms :

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

All Ligands for E3 Ligase Isoforms :

In Vitro

DAHP synthetase (DS) and chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydratase (CM/PD) are key enzymes in the L-Phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway. DS is sensitive to feedback inhibition by tyrosine, and CM/PD is subject to feedback inhibition by L-Phenylalanine^[1]. L-Phenylalanine attenuates non-NMDA receptor function in cultured neurons with an IC₅₀ of 980 μM^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

The effects of L-Phenylalanine on NMDA-activated currents (I_NMDA) are studied in cultured hippocampal neurons from newborn rats using the patch-clamp technique. L-Phenylalanine specifically and reversibly attenuates I_NMDA in a concentration-dependent manner (IC₅₀ of 1.71 mM). L-Phenylalanine inhibits specifically NMDAR current in hippocampal neurons by competing for the glycine-binding site^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 63-91-2
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 165.19
Formula C₉H₁₁NO₂
Color White to off-white
SMILES

N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O
Synonyms

(S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid
Structure Classification
- Amino acids
Initial Source
- Animals
- Microorganisms
- Endogenous metabolite
Escherichia coli
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Publications (9)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay

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Journal Impact Factor

Nature

Lithocholic acid phenocopies anti-ageing effects of calorie restriction. [Abstract]

2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. PMID: 39695227
Acta Pharm Sin B

Phenylalanine deprivation inhibits multiple myeloma progression by perturbing endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. [Abstract]

2024 Aug;14(8):3493-3512. PMID: 39220878

L-Phenylalanine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024 Aug;14(8):3493-3512. [Abstract]

Cell viability of MM cell lines after culturing for 48 hours with different concentrations of L-phenylalanine (0-100 μM) added to a phenylalanine-free medium.
Laser Photon Rev

2025 Jun 06.
Cell Rep Phys Sci

2025 Jun 18;6(6),102623.
Molecules

Seeking Correlation Among Porin Permeabilities and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations Through Machine Learning: A Promising Route to the Essential Molecular Descriptors. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 9;30(6):1224. PMID: 40142001
J Cell Mol Med

Jinbei Decoction Attenuates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Suppression of TRAF6-Dependent Inflammatory Response in Macrophage. [Abstract]

2025 Nov;29(21):e70944. PMID: 41230791
Biometals

Aromatic amino acid metabolism shapes autophagy-mediated adaptation to iron deprivation in glioblastoma cells. [Abstract]

2026 Jun;39(3):1167-1189. PMID: 41925978
Amino Acids

Identification of amino acids metabolomic profiling in human plasma distinguishes lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus. [Abstract]

2024 Sep 18;56(1):56. PMID: 39292313
Physiol Rep

Metabolic shifts in plasma amino acids and related metabolites in response to SGLT2 inhibition and hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes. [Abstract]

2025 Aug;13(16):e70465. PMID: 40842430

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : 6.67 mg/mL (40.38 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

6.0536 mL

30.2682 mL

60.5364 mL

5 mM

1.2107 mL

6.0536 mL

12.1073 mL

10 mM

0.6054 mL

3.0268 mL

6.0536 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

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Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 9.09 mg/mL (55.03 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (275 KB)
SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Glushakov AV, et al. Long-term changes in glutamatergic synaptic transmission in phenylketonuria. Brain. 2005 Feb;128(Pt 2):300-7. [Content Brief]

[2]. Glushakov AV, et al. L-phenylalanine selectively depresses currents at glutamatergic excitatory synapses. J Neurosci Res. 2003 Apr 1;72(1):116-24. [Content Brief]

[3]. Glushakov AV, et al. Specific inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function in rat hippocampal neurons by L-phenylalanine at concentrations observed during phenylketonuria. Mol Psychiatry. 2002;7(4):359-67. [Content Brief]

[4]. Mortell KH, et al. Structure-activity relationships of alpha-amino acid ligands for the alpha2delta subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Mar 1;16(5):1138-41. [Content Brief]

[5]. Wu WB, et al. Enhancement of l-phenylalanine production in Escherichia coli by heterologous expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2018 May;65(3):476-483. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O	1 mM	6.0536 mL	30.2682 mL	60.5364 mL	151.3409 mL
	5 mM	1.2107 mL	6.0536 mL	12.1073 mL	30.2682 mL
	10 mM	0.6054 mL	3.0268 mL	6.0536 mL	15.1341 mL
	15 mM	0.4036 mL	2.0179 mL	4.0358 mL	10.0894 mL
	20 mM	0.3027 mL	1.5134 mL	3.0268 mL	7.5670 mL
	25 mM	0.2421 mL	1.2107 mL	2.4215 mL	6.0536 mL
	30 mM	0.2018 mL	1.0089 mL	2.0179 mL	5.0447 mL
	40 mM	0.1513 mL	0.7567 mL	1.5134 mL	3.7835 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

L-Phenylalanine

9 Cited Publications

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L-Phenylalanine

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) L-Phenylalanine

All Calcium Channel Isoforms

All iGluR Isoforms

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

All Ligands for E3 Ligase Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (9)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

L-Phenylalanine Related Classifications

Cat. No.: HY-N0215