Saponarin 

Saponarin is an orally active flavonoid compound. Saponarin can be isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma. Saponarin inhibits ERK/p38, NF-κB and MAPK phosphorylation and activates AMPK. Saponarin reduces IL-1β and COX-2. Saponarin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic and hypotensive effects. Saponarin improves sleep disorders^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]}.

Saponarin (20-60 µM; 4 h) significantly inhibits IL-6 mRNA expression in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells via suppression of NF-κB and MAPK (ERK, p38) phosphorylation^[2].
Saponarin (50-100 µM; 24 h) suppresses gluconeogenesis in HepG2 cells by activating AMPK in a calcium-dependent manner, reducing PEPCK and G6Pase gene expression^[3].
Saponarin (2 µmol/mL) inhibits malonaldehyde (MA) formation from Squalene (HY-N1214) by nearly 100% under UV irradiation^[4].
Saponarin (80 µM; 24 h) reduces TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2 expression and inhibits ERK/p38 phosphorylation in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Saponarin (80 mg/kg; p.o.; 3 weeks) significantly reduces blood glucose levels in Streptozotocin (HY-13753)-induced diabetic normotensive rats and improves liver antioxidant parameters while decreasing MDA levels^[1].
Saponarin (80 mg/kg; p.o.; 3 weeks) shows slight antihypertensive activity in non-diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)^[1].
Saponarin (80 mg/kg; p.o.; for 3 days) protects against Cocaine-induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats by increasing GSH levels and antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GPx) while reducing MDA formation^[6].
Saponarin (20 mg/kg; p.o.; 5 days) reduces wake time and increases c-Fos expression in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) in electric footshock-induced sleep-disturbed SD rats^[7].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

594.52

C₂₇H₃₀O₁₅

20310-89-8

Solid

White to off-white

O=C1C=C(C2=CC=C(O)C=C2)OC3=CC(O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O4)O)O)O)=C([C@H]5[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O5)O)O)O)C(O)=C13

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

• [1]. Simeonova R, et al. Antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of saponarin from Gypsophila trichotoma on streptozotocin-induced diabetic normotensive and hypertensive rats. Phytomedicine. 2016 May 15;23(5):483-90.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Seo KH, et al. Saponarin from barley sprouts inhibits NF-κB and MAPK on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Food Funct. 2014 Nov;5(11):3005-13.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Seo WD, et al. Saponarin activates AMPK in a calcium-dependent manner and suppresses gluconeogenesis and increases glucose uptake via phosphorylation of CRTC2 and HDAC5. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2015 Nov 15;25(22):5237-42.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Kamiyama M, et al. Flavonoids with potent antioxidant activity found in young green barley leaves. J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Jun 27;60(25):6260-7.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Min SY, et al. Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Allergic Effects of Saponarin and Its Impact on Signaling Pathways of RAW 264.7, RBL-2H3, and HaCaT Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 5;22(16):8431.  [Content Brief]

  [6]. Vitcheva V, et al. Hepatoprotective effects of saponarin, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. on cocaine-induced oxidative stress in rats. Redox Rep. 2011;16(2):56-61.  [Content Brief]

  [7]. Kim YR, et al. Effect of Hibiscus syriacus Linnaeus extract and its active constituent, saponarin, in animal models of stress-induced sleep disturbances and pentobarbital-induced sleep. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Feb;146:112301.  [Content Brief]