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(±)-Acetylcarnitine chloride (Acetyl dl-carnitine chloride) is a weak cholinergic agonist with cholinergic properties. (±)-Acetylcarnitine chloride is an important intermediate in lipid metabolism .
ML 10302 is a potent agonist 5-HT4 receptor with Ki of 1.07 nM. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT4) receptor agonists stimulate gut motility through cholinergic pathways. ML10302 induces significant prokinesia both in the small bowel and colon through activation of cholinergic pathways. ML 10302 also has the potential for the research of neurology diseases .
Doxacurium chloride (BW A938U) is a potent non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. Doxacurium chloride binds to cholinergic receptors to antagonize acetylcholine, resulting in a block of neuromuscular transmission. Doxacurium chloride can be used for the research of neurological diseases .
Trans-Cevimeline (AF102A) (hydrochloride), as a trans-isomer of AF102B, is a M1 selective cholinergic agonist. Trans-Cevimeline (AF102A) (hydrochloride) can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease .
Robalzotan hydrochloride (NAD-299 hydrochloride) is a potent and selective 5-Hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) inhibitor. Robalzotan hydrochloride increases the firing rate of 5-HT cells. Robalzotan hydrochloride induces 5-HT1A receptor occupancy. Robalzotan hydrochloride has the potential for the research of a cholinergic deficit in the central -nervous system .
(Glu2)-TRH, a metabolically stable analogue of Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH; HY-P0002), is a negative modulator for the cholinergic effect of TRH in the mouse brain. (Glu2)-TRH significantly attenuates TRH-induced hippocampal extracellular acetylcholine release. (Glu2)-TRH is not metabolized by thyroliberinase. (Glu2)-TRH manifests neuroprotective, antidepressant, anticonvulsant in the CNS .
Rivastigmine (S-Rivastigmine) is an orally active and potent cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor and inhibits butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesteras (AChE) with IC50s of 0.037 μM , 4.15 μM, respectively. Rivastigmine can pass the blood brain barrier (BBB). Rivastigmine is a parasympathomimetic or cholinergic agent used for the research of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type and dementia due to Parkinson's disease .
Rivastigmine tartrate (ENA 713; SDZ-ENA 713) is an orally active and potent cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor and inhibits butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesteras (AChE) with IC50s of 0.037 μM, 4.15 μM, respectively. Rivastigmine tartrate can pass the blood brain barrier (BBB). Rivastigmine tartrate is a parasympathomimetic or cholinergic agent used for the research of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type and dementia due to Parkinson's disease .
Trospium chloride is an orally active, specific and competitive antagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChRs), with antimuscarinic activity. Trospium chloride binds to muscarinic receptors M1, M2 and M3 with high affinity, but not nicotinic, cholinergic receptors .
LM11A-31 dihydrochloride, a non-peptide p75 NTR (neurotrophin receptor p75) modulator, is an orally active and potent proNGF (nerve growth factor) antagonist. LM11A-31 dihydrochloride is an amino acid derivative with high blood-brain barrier permeability and blocks p75-mediated cell death. M11A-31 dihydrochloride reverses cholinergic neurite dystrophy in Alzheimer's disease mouse models with mid- to late-stage disease progression .
Trospium-d8 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Trospium chloride. Trospium chloride is an orally active, specific and competitive antagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChRs), with antimuscarinic activity. Trospium chloride binds to muscarinic receptors M1, M2 and M3 with high affinity, but not nicotinic, cholinergic receptors[1][2].
Acetylcholinesterase, Fly head (ACHE; EC 3.1.1.7) is a cholinergic enzyme mainly found in neuromuscular junctions and cholinergic type chemical synapses used in biochemical research. Acetylcholinesterase, Fly head catalyzes the breakdown or hydrolysis of acetylcholine and some other choline esters that act as neurotransmitters into acetate and choline. Acetylcholinesterase, Fly head's main role is to terminate neuronal transmission and signaling between synapses to prevent ACh spread and activation of nearby receptors .
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is a first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist with anti-cholinergic effect. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride can across the ovine blood-brain barrier (BBB) .
ABT-418 hydrochloride is a potent and selective agonist of nAChRs with cognitive enhancing and anxiolytic activities. ABT-418 hydrochloride activates cholinergic channel and can be used for research of Alzheimer's disease .
Diphenhydramine is a first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist with anti-cholinergic effect. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride can across the ovine blood-brain barrier (BBB) .
(Rac)-Levomepromazine-d3 (hydrochloride) is a labelled racemic Methotrimeprazine, which is a phenothiazine which has antagonist actions at multiple neurotransmitter receptor sites, including dopaminergic, cholinergic, serotonin and histamine receptors[1][2].
Acetylcholine chloride (ACh chloride), a neurotransmitter, is a potent cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine chloride is a modulator of the activity of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) . Acetylcholine chloride inhibits p53 mutant peptide aggregation in vitro .
Cycrimine is an orally active muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR) M1 antagonist, reduces the acetylcholine levels in parkinson model. Cycrimine shows antispasmodic activity, can be used in studies of behavioral and mental disorder .
Levomepromazine (Methotrimeprazine) is an orally available neuroleptic agent, which is commonly used to relieve nausea and vomiting in palliative care settings. Levomepromazine has antagonist actions at multiple neurotransmitter receptor sites, including dopaminergic, cholinergic, serotonin and histamine receptors .
PF-06827443 is a potent, low-clearance, orally bioavailable, and CNS-penetrant M1-selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) with minimal agonist activity. PF-06827443 induce cholinergic AEs and convulsion .
Diphenhydramine-d5 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Diphenhydramine hydrochloride. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is a first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist with anti-cholinergic effect. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride can across the ovine blood-brain barrier (BBB)[1][2].
Diphenhydramine-d6 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Diphenhydramine hydrochloride. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is a first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist with anti-cholinergic effect. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride can across the ovine blood-brain barrier (BBB)[1][2].
BChE-IN-4 is a potent and cross the blood-brain barrier BChE inhibitor. BChE-IN-4 attenuates learning and memory deficits caused by cholinergic deficit in mouse model. BChE-IN-4 has the potential for the research of alzheimer’s disease .
Diphenhydramine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Diphenhydramine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is a first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist with anti-cholinergic effect. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride can across the ovine blood-brain barrier (BBB) .
Physostigmine (Eserine) is a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Physostigmine can crosses the blood-brain barrier and stimulates central cholinergic neurotransmission. Physostigmine can reverse memory deficits in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease. Physostigmine is also an antidote for anticholinergic poisoning .
Cytidine 5′-diphosphoethanolamine is an intermediate compound in the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine. Cytidine 5′-diphosphoethanolamine is a stimulant of Ach synthesis .
Acetylcholine-d4 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Acetylcholine chloride. Acetylcholine chloride (ACh chloride), a neurotransmitter, is a potent cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine chloride is a modulator of the activity of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)[1][2]. Acetylcholine chloride inhibits p53 mutant peptide aggregation in vitro[5].
Acetylcholine-d9 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Acetylcholine chloride. Acetylcholine chloride (ACh chloride), a neurotransmitter, is a potent cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine chloride is a modulator of the activity of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)[1][2]. Acetylcholine chloride inhibits p53 mutant peptide aggregation in vitro[5].
Physostigmine salicylate (Eserine salicylate) is a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Physostigmine salicylate crosses the blood-brain barrier and stimulates central cholinergic neurotransmission. Physostigmine salicylate can reverse memory deficits in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease. Physostigmine salicylate is also an antidote for anticholinergic poisoning .
Physostigmine hemisulfate (Eserine hemisulfate) is a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Physostigmine hemisulfate can crosses the blood-brain barrier and stimulates central cholinergic neurotransmission. Physostigmine hemisulfate can reverse memory deficits in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease. Physostigmine hemisulfate is also an antidote for anticholinergic poisoning .
P11149 is a competitive, BBB-penetarated weakly, orally active and selective inhibitor of AChE. P11149 exhibits an IC50 of 1.3 μM for rat BChE/AChE. P11149, a Galanthamine derivative, demonstrates central cholinergic activity, behavioral efficacy and safety. P11149 is used in the study for Alzheimer's disease .
LASSBio-873 is an orally active muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR) agonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier. LASSBio-873 has potent analgesic effects on acute and inflammatory pain. The analgesic effect of LASSBio-873 can be inhibited by intrathecal injection of the M2 receptor antagonist methoctramine .
α-Amyrin is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound with oral activity. α-Amyrin activates the ERK and GSK-3β signaling pathways. α-Amyrin can be used in the study of metabolic syndrome induced by high fructose diet and cognitive dysfunction caused by low cholinergic neurotransmission .
BChE-IN-19 (Compound 7b) is a para-substituted derivative of indone (7b) with inhibitory activity of butyryl cholinesterase (BChE) (IC50=0.04 μM). BChE-IN-19 improves cholinergic scheduling in the nervous system. BChE-IN-19 can be used against Alzheimer's disease .
Ro 22-9194 inhibits aggregation and thromboxane Az (TXA2) synthetase activity in rabbit and human platelets. Ro 22-9194 has a potent inhibitory action against various types of model arrhythmias. Ro 22-9194 has non-cholinergic cardiac depressant properties with its vasodilating action .
Physostigmine-d3 is the deuterium labeled Physostigmine. Physostigmine (Eserine) is a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Physostigmine can crosses the blood-brain barrier and stimulates central cholinergic neurotransmission. Physostigmine can reverse memory deficits in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease. Physostigmine is also an antidote for anticholinergic poisoning[1][2][3][4].
Suffruticosol A is a neuroprotective agent that restores scopolamine-induced cellular neurodegenerative damage. Suffruticosol A ameliorates hippocampal cholinergic deficits and partially enhances BDNF signaling. Suffruticosol A has neuromodulatory effects in a Scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced model, restoring memory and cognitive performance in mice. Suffruticosol A can be isolated from seeds of P. lactiflora .
SIB-1553A is an orally bioavailable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) agonist, with selectivity for β4 subunit-containing nAChRs. SIB-1553A is also a selective neuronal nAChR ligand. SIB-1553A is a cognitive enhancer, and has therapeutic potential for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and other cognitive disorders .
G-Protein antagonist peptide TFA is a truncated substance P-related peptide, competes with receptor for G protein binding. G-Protein antagonist peptide TFA inhibits the activation of Gi or Go by M2 muscarinic cholinergic receptor (M2 mAChR) or of Gs by beta-adrenergic receptor in the reconstituted phospholipid vesicles, assayed by receptor-promoted GTP hydrolysis .
Mazaticol is an anticholinergic agent. Mazaticol blocks the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and cholinergic nerve activity. Mazaticol is a potent 3H-QNB and 3H-PZ binding inhibitor, can bind to the M2 receptors with high affinity. Mazaticol exhibits inhibitory effects on dopamine uptake in the striatal nerve terminal. Mazaticol can be used for parkinsonian syndrome research .
Dicyclomine hydrochloride is a potent and orally active muscarinic cholinergic receptors antagonist. Dicyclomine hydrochloride shows high affinity for muscarinic M1 receptor subtype (Ki=5.1 nM) and M2 receptor subtype (Ki=54.6 nM) in brush-border membrane and basal plasma membranes, respectively . Dicyclomine is an antispasmodic agent and relieves smooth muscle spasm of the gastrointestinal tract in vivo .
Polygalacic acid, is a triterpene, isolated from the root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. Polygalacic acid inhibits MMP expression. Polygalacic acid may have a therapeutic effect in Osteoarthritis (OA) treatment .
Polygalacic acid exerts a significant neuroprotective effect on cognitive impairment, PA improves cholinergic system reactivity by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, increasing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, and elevating levels of acetylcholine (Ach) in the hippocampus and frontal cortex .
Dicyclomine (Dicycloverine) is a potent and orally active muscarinic cholinergic receptors antagonist. Dicyclomine (Dicycloverine) shows high affinity for muscarinic M1 receptor subtype (Ki=5.1 nM) and M2 receptor subtype (Ki=54.6 nM) in brush-border membrane and basal plasma membranes, respectively . Dicyclomine is an antispasmodic agent and relieves smooth muscle spasm of the gastrointestinal tract in vivo .
Ajmalicine (Raubasine) hydrochloride is a potent adrenolytic agent which preferentially blocks α1-adrenoceptor. Ajmalicine hydrochloride is an reversible but non-competitive nicotine receptor full inhibitor, with an IC50 of 72.3 μM. Ajmalicine hydrochloride also can be used as anti-hypertensive, and serpentine, with sedative activity .
AR-R17779 hydrochloride is a potent and selective full agonist of nAChR, with Kis of 92 and 16000 nM for α7 and α4β2 subtype, respectively. AR-R17779 hydrochloride can improve learning and memory in rats. AR-R17779 hydrochloride also has anxiolytic activity. AR-R17779 hydrochloride can reduce inflammation by activating antiinflammatory cholinergic (vagal) pathways .
(rac)-Rivastigmine-d6 is a labelled racemic Rivastigmine. Rivastigmine (S-Rivastigmine) is an orally active and potent cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor and inhibits butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesteras (AChE) with IC50s of 0.037 μM , 4.15 μM, respectively. Rivastigmine can pass the blood brain barrier (BBB). Rivastigmine is a parasympathomimetic or cholinergic agent used for the research of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type and dementia due to Parkinson's disease[1][2].
W-84 (dibromide) is a potent allosteric modulator of M2-cholinoceptors, which retards [ 3H]N-methylscopolamine dissociation. W-84 dibromide can stabilize cholinergic antagonist-receptor complexes. W-84 (dibromide) is a non-competitive muscarinic acetylcholine receptors antagonist with allosteric effects. W-84 (dibromide) protects over additively against an organophosphate-intoxication when applied in combination with atropine .
Dicyclomine-d4 is the deuterium labeled Dicyclomine[1]. Dicyclomine (Dicycloverine) is a potent and orally active muscarinic cholinergic receptors antagonist. Dicyclomine (Dicycloverine) shows high affinity for muscarinic M1 receptor subtype (Ki=5.1 nM) and M2 receptor subtype (Ki=54.6 nM) in brush-border membrane and basal plasma membranes, respectively[2]. Dicyclomine is an antispasmodic agent and relieves smooth muscle spasm of the gastrointestinal tract in vivo[3].
Proadrenomedullin (N-20) (ProADM N20) (bovine, porcine) is a potent and noncompetitive hypotensive and catecholamine release-inhibitory peptide released from chromaffin cells. Proadrenomedullin (N-20) (bovine, porcine) inhibits catecholamine secretion with an IC50 of 350 nM in PC12 pheochromocytoma cells. Proadrenomedullin (N-20) (bovine, porcine) also blocks (EC50≈270 nM) nicotinic cholinergic agonist desensitization of catecholamine release, as well as desensitization of nicotinic signal transduction ( 22Na + uptake) .
TZ4M is a 2,4-thiazolidinedione (TZD)-based anti-ADV agent with neuroprotective effects. TZ4M exhibits AChE inhibition in human plasma. TZ4M improves memory and cognitive impairment in adult rats in a scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced Alzheimer-type model .
TZ3O (compound TZ30) is an anticholinergic agent with neuroprotective effects. TZ3O (2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg) can improve memory impairment and cognitive decline in rats in the Scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced Alzheimer-type model. TZ3O could be used in Alzheimer’s research .
nAChR agonist CMPI hydrochloride is a potent and selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of nAChR containing a α4:α4 subunit interface. nAChR agonist CMPI hydrochloride enhances the response of (α4)3(β2)2 nAChR to ACh (10 µM) with an EC50 of 0.26 µM. nAChR agonist CMPI hydrochloride has potential for the research of nicotine dependence and many neuropsychiatric conditions associated with decreased brain cholinergic activity .
BChE-IN-8 (compound 20) is an orally active, potent and BBB-penetrated BChE (butyrylcholinesterase) inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.15 nM (eqBChE, equine serum BChE) and 45.2 nM (hBChE), respectively. High stability of BChE-IN-8 contributes to significantly improved blood concentration and tissue exposure. BChE-IN-8 can exert neuro-protecting and cognition improving properties through multiple modulations, including cholinergic system, Aβ aggregation, neuropeptide levels. BChE-IN-8 can be used for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research .
Rivastigmine (tartrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rivastigmine (tartrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rivastigmine tartrate (ENA 713; SDZ-ENA 713) is an orally active and potent cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor and inhibits butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesteras (AChE) with IC50s of 0.037 μM, 4.15 μM, respectively. Rivastigmine tartrate can pass the blood brain barrier (BBB). Rivastigmine tartrate is a parasympathomimetic or cholinergic agent used for the research of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type and dementia due to Parkinson's disease .
Pozanicline (ABT-089) selectively activate neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes, is a novel cholinergic agent that is a partial agonist at α4β2* nAChRs (Ki=16 nM) and shows high selectivity for α6β2* and α4α5β2 nAChR subtypes, the binding affinity (Ki, rat) for Pozanicline to [ 3H] cytisine sites is 16.7 nM.
Pozanicline reverses nicotine withdrawal-induced cognitive deficits, may be an effective component of novel therapeutic strategies for nicotine addiction .
(-)-Huperzine A (Huperzine A) is an alkaloid isolated from Huperzia serrata, with neuroprotective activity. (-)-Huperzine A is a potent, highly specific, reversible and blood-brain barrier penetrant inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with an IC50 of 82 nM. (-)-Huperzine A also is non-competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate (NMDA) receptor. (-)-Huperzine A is developed for the research of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease .
MB327 is a bipyridine nonoxime compound that restores neuromuscular function. MB327 restores the activity of nicotinamide acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) for carbachol desensitization in a typical type II PAM manner. MB327 can neutralize nerve agent poisoning .
(Rac)-LM11A-31 dihydrochloride is an isomer of LM11A-31 dihydrochloride. LM11A-31 dihydrochloride, a non-peptide p75 NTR (neurotrophin receptor p75) modulator, is an orally active and potent proNGF (nerve growth factor) antagonist .
Heliosupine N-oxide, Heliosupin metabolite, inhibits muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) with the IC50 of 350 μM. Heliosupine N-oxide is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) .
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative brain disease which causes mental and physical decline, gradually resulting in death. Despite the significant public health issue that it poses, only few medical treatments have been approved for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and these act to control symptoms rather than alter the course of the disease. Discovery of new therapeutic approaches depends on the study of pathology of AD. Recent research findings have led to greater understanding of disease neurobiology in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and identification of unique targets for drug development. Several important mechanisms have been proposed to explain the underlying pathology of AD, such as Amyloid cascade hypothesis, Tau hypothesis and Cholinergic hypothesis, etc.
MCE offers a unique collection of 1374 compounds with anti-Alzheimer’s Disease activities or targeting the unique targets of AD. MCE Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Compound Library is a useful tool for exploring the mechanism of AD and discovering new drugs for AD.
(Glu2)-TRH, a metabolically stable analogue of Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH; HY-P0002), is a negative modulator for the cholinergic effect of TRH in the mouse brain. (Glu2)-TRH significantly attenuates TRH-induced hippocampal extracellular acetylcholine release. (Glu2)-TRH is not metabolized by thyroliberinase. (Glu2)-TRH manifests neuroprotective, antidepressant, anticonvulsant in the CNS .
G-Protein antagonist peptide TFA is a truncated substance P-related peptide, competes with receptor for G protein binding. G-Protein antagonist peptide TFA inhibits the activation of Gi or Go by M2 muscarinic cholinergic receptor (M2 mAChR) or of Gs by beta-adrenergic receptor in the reconstituted phospholipid vesicles, assayed by receptor-promoted GTP hydrolysis .
Proadrenomedullin (1-20), human is a potent hypotensive and catecholamine release–inhibitory peptide released from chromaffin cells with an IC50 of ~350 nM for catecholamine secretion in PC12 pheochromocytoma cells, acting in a noncompetitive manner specifically at the nicotinic cholinergic receptor .
Proadrenomedullin (N-20) (ProADM N20) (bovine, porcine) is a potent and noncompetitive hypotensive and catecholamine release-inhibitory peptide released from chromaffin cells. Proadrenomedullin (N-20) (bovine, porcine) inhibits catecholamine secretion with an IC50 of 350 nM in PC12 pheochromocytoma cells. Proadrenomedullin (N-20) (bovine, porcine) also blocks (EC50≈270 nM) nicotinic cholinergic agonist desensitization of catecholamine release, as well as desensitization of nicotinic signal transduction ( 22Na + uptake) .
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is a first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist with anti-cholinergic effect. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride can across the ovine blood-brain barrier (BBB) .
Acetylcholine chloride (ACh chloride), a neurotransmitter, is a potent cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine chloride is a modulator of the activity of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) . Acetylcholine chloride inhibits p53 mutant peptide aggregation in vitro .
Physostigmine (Eserine) is a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Physostigmine can crosses the blood-brain barrier and stimulates central cholinergic neurotransmission. Physostigmine can reverse memory deficits in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease. Physostigmine is also an antidote for anticholinergic poisoning .
α-Amyrin is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound with oral activity. α-Amyrin activates the ERK and GSK-3β signaling pathways. α-Amyrin can be used in the study of metabolic syndrome induced by high fructose diet and cognitive dysfunction caused by low cholinergic neurotransmission .
Suffruticosol A is a neuroprotective agent that restores scopolamine-induced cellular neurodegenerative damage. Suffruticosol A ameliorates hippocampal cholinergic deficits and partially enhances BDNF signaling. Suffruticosol A has neuromodulatory effects in a Scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced model, restoring memory and cognitive performance in mice. Suffruticosol A can be isolated from seeds of P. lactiflora .
Polygalacic acid, is a triterpene, isolated from the root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. Polygalacic acid inhibits MMP expression. Polygalacic acid may have a therapeutic effect in Osteoarthritis (OA) treatment .
Polygalacic acid exerts a significant neuroprotective effect on cognitive impairment, PA improves cholinergic system reactivity by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, increasing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, and elevating levels of acetylcholine (Ach) in the hippocampus and frontal cortex .
Ajmalicine (Raubasine) hydrochloride is a potent adrenolytic agent which preferentially blocks α1-adrenoceptor. Ajmalicine hydrochloride is an reversible but non-competitive nicotine receptor full inhibitor, with an IC50 of 72.3 μM. Ajmalicine hydrochloride also can be used as anti-hypertensive, and serpentine, with sedative activity .
(-)-Huperzine A (Huperzine A) is an alkaloid isolated from Huperzia serrata, with neuroprotective activity. (-)-Huperzine A is a potent, highly specific, reversible and blood-brain barrier penetrant inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with an IC50 of 82 nM. (-)-Huperzine A also is non-competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate (NMDA) receptor. (-)-Huperzine A is developed for the research of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease .
Heliosupine N-oxide, Heliosupin metabolite, inhibits muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) with the IC50 of 350 μM. Heliosupine N-oxide is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) .
The CHRNA1 Protein undergoes a substantial conformational shift upon acetylcholine binding, influencing all subunits and leading to the activation of an ion-conducting channel. Yet, the acetylcholine receptor alpha subunit of CHRNA1 can be non-functional in certain cases, underscoring the need to comprehend the factors governing its functionality and integration into fully operational acetylcholine-gated cation-selective channels. CHRNA1 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived CHRNA1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of CHRNA1 Protein, Human (His) is 235 a.a., with molecular weight of ~31.1 kDa.
The CHRNA1 Protein undergoes a substantial conformational shift upon acetylcholine binding, influencing all subunits and leading to the activation of an ion-conducting channel. Yet, the acetylcholine receptor alpha subunit of CHRNA1 can be non-functional in certain cases, underscoring the need to comprehend the factors governing its functionality and integration into fully operational acetylcholine-gated cation-selective channels. CHRNA1 Protein, Human (His-Trx) is the recombinant human-derived CHRNA1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-Trx, N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of CHRNA1 Protein, Human (His-Trx) is 235 a.a., with molecular weight of ~44.1 kDa.
CHRNA3 Protein, a critical contributor to collagen fibrillogenesis, regulates the rate of fibril formation and influences the assembly and organization of collagen fibrils. Binding to both type I and type II collagen, CHRNA3 plays a pivotal role in shaping the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. CHRNA3 Protein, Human (His-SUMO) is the recombinant human-derived CHRNA3 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-10*His, N-SUMO labeled tag. The total length of CHRNA3 Protein, Human (His-SUMO) is 209 a.a., with molecular weight of ~44.6 kDa.
Diphenhydramine-d5 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Diphenhydramine hydrochloride. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is a first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist with anti-cholinergic effect. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride can across the ovine blood-brain barrier (BBB)[1][2].
Diphenhydramine-d6 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Diphenhydramine hydrochloride. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is a first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist with anti-cholinergic effect. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride can across the ovine blood-brain barrier (BBB)[1][2].
Trospium-d8 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Trospium chloride. Trospium chloride is an orally active, specific and competitive antagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChRs), with antimuscarinic activity. Trospium chloride binds to muscarinic receptors M1, M2 and M3 with high affinity, but not nicotinic, cholinergic receptors[1][2].
(Rac)-Levomepromazine-d3 (hydrochloride) is a labelled racemic Methotrimeprazine, which is a phenothiazine which has antagonist actions at multiple neurotransmitter receptor sites, including dopaminergic, cholinergic, serotonin and histamine receptors[1][2].
Acetylcholine-d4 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Acetylcholine chloride. Acetylcholine chloride (ACh chloride), a neurotransmitter, is a potent cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine chloride is a modulator of the activity of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)[1][2]. Acetylcholine chloride inhibits p53 mutant peptide aggregation in vitro[5].
Acetylcholine-d9 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Acetylcholine chloride. Acetylcholine chloride (ACh chloride), a neurotransmitter, is a potent cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine chloride is a modulator of the activity of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons through the stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)[1][2]. Acetylcholine chloride inhibits p53 mutant peptide aggregation in vitro[5].
Physostigmine-d3 is the deuterium labeled Physostigmine. Physostigmine (Eserine) is a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Physostigmine can crosses the blood-brain barrier and stimulates central cholinergic neurotransmission. Physostigmine can reverse memory deficits in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease. Physostigmine is also an antidote for anticholinergic poisoning[1][2][3][4].
(rac)-Rivastigmine-d6 is a labelled racemic Rivastigmine. Rivastigmine (S-Rivastigmine) is an orally active and potent cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor and inhibits butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesteras (AChE) with IC50s of 0.037 μM , 4.15 μM, respectively. Rivastigmine can pass the blood brain barrier (BBB). Rivastigmine is a parasympathomimetic or cholinergic agent used for the research of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type and dementia due to Parkinson's disease[1][2].
Dicyclomine-d4 is the deuterium labeled Dicyclomine[1]. Dicyclomine (Dicycloverine) is a potent and orally active muscarinic cholinergic receptors antagonist. Dicyclomine (Dicycloverine) shows high affinity for muscarinic M1 receptor subtype (Ki=5.1 nM) and M2 receptor subtype (Ki=54.6 nM) in brush-border membrane and basal plasma membranes, respectively[2]. Dicyclomine is an antispasmodic agent and relieves smooth muscle spasm of the gastrointestinal tract in vivo[3].
Muscarinic Acetylcholine receptor M3 Antibody is an unconjugated, approximately 65 kDa, rabbit-derived, anti-Muscarinic Acetylcholine receptor M3 polyclonal antibody. Muscarinic Acetylcholine receptor M3 Antibody can be used for: WB, ELISA, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF expriments in human, and predicted: mouse, rat background without labeling.
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